1. Literary common sense that must be tested in the high school entrance examination

The literary knowledge that must be mastered in the high school entrance examination mainly includes common sense of novels, prose, poetry, drama, and important writers and works covered in basic texts.

In real life, the reading and appreciation of novels, essays and other literary styles are particularly important, so mastering the literary knowledge of several genres is the basis for deciding to read. 1. Knowledge of novels, prose, poetry, and drama. The three elements of novels are typical characters, complete storylines, and specific environments.

The description techniques used to create characters include portrait description, psychological description, action description, language description, and detailed description. The plot of the novel includes beginning, development, ending and ending.

The environment of the novel includes social environment and natural environment. Prose can be divided into narrative prose and lyrical prose.

The characteristic of prose is "the form is scattered but the spirit is not scattered". When reading prose, pay attention to grasping the clues of the article.

The knowledge of the above genres should be based on the knowledge essay appendix in the textbook. ("Talk about novels", "Talk about prose", "How to read poetry}, "Talk about drama literature") 2. Knowledge of the works of important writers. This knowledge should be mainly based on the content of textbook annotations. Important writers can make contributions based on their works and achievements. Appropriate expansion.

Memorize the author's name, official position, trade name, nationality, representative works, etc. of the text by heart. The specific writing method should be based on the textbook.

During review, this type of knowledge can be reviewed in a list.

2. General knowledge about Chinese literature in the High School Entrance Examination

Summary of general knowledge about Chinese literature in the High School Entrance Examination 1. Tao Yuanming:, named Yuanliang, nicknamed Mr. Wuliu, changed his name to Qian in his later years, and was from the Eastern Jin Dynasty.

"The Story of Peach Blossom Spring" and "Drinking" 2. Wang Wei: courtesy name Mojie, he was a very famous poet in the poetry world of the prosperous Tang Dynasty. He was known as Wang Youcheng because he was the minister Youcheng. "Envoy to the Fortress" 3. Li Bai: (701 AD - 762 AD), whose courtesy name was Taibai and whose name was Qinglian Jushi.

Li Bai is a famous poet in the Tang Dynasty and one of the most famous poets in my country. He is another great romantic poet after Qu Yuan in the history of Chinese literature. He is known as the "Immortal of Poetry". Li Bai and Du Fu are collectively called "Li Du".

"I heard that Wang Changling moved to the left and sent this message to Longbiaoyuan" 4. Du Fu: (712-770), courtesy name Zimei, who called himself Shaoling Yelao, was a great poet in the prosperous Tang Dynasty and was known as the "Sage of Poetry". During the reign of Emperor Suzong of the Tang Dynasty, official Zuo collected the artifacts.

After he entered Shu, his friend Yan Wu recommended him to be a staff officer of Jiannan Jiedu Mansion and a member of the school's Ministry of Industry. Therefore, later generations also called him Du Shiyi and Du Gongbu.

"Song of Thatched Cottage Broken by the Autumn Wind" 5. Bai Juyi: (772--846), whose courtesy name was Letian and his nickname was Xiangshan Jushi. In his later years, when he became the Crown Prince Shaofu, he was given the posthumous title "Wen" and was known as Bai Fu and Bai Wengong in the world.

Actively advocated the New Yuefu Movement in literature, advocating that articles should be written according to the times and poems should be written according to the events. He wrote many poems that lamented the times and reflected the people's sufferings, which had a great influence on later generations. . He is a very important poet in the history of Chinese literature.

"Spring Tour at Qiantang Lake". 6. Liu Yuxi: Zi Mengde, a poet and philosopher in the mid-Tang Dynasty. He advocated political innovation and was one of the central figures in the political innovation activities of Wang Shuwen School.

"Inscription on the Humble Room" "Reward for Lotte at the First Banquet in Yangzhou" 7. Liu Zongyuan: a writer and philosopher of the Tang Dynasty, one of the "Eight Great Masters of the Tang and Song Dynasties". The character is thick.

It is known as Liuhedong in the world. Because he died as the governor of Liuzhou, he was also called Liuliuzhou.

Together with Han Yu, he initiated the ancient prose movement in the Tang Dynasty and was also known as Han Liu. "The Story of Xiaoshitan" 8. Fan Zhongyan: courtesy name Xiwen, was a famous politician and commander-in-chief in the Northern Song Dynasty, as well as an outstanding litterateur and educator.

"Yueyang Tower", Fan Zhongyan's "The Proud Fisherman. Autumn Thoughts" 9. Ouyang Xiu: politician and writer of the Northern Song Dynasty. One of the "Eight Great Masters of the Tang and Song Dynasties".

His courtesy name is Uncle Yong, his nickname is Drunkard, and his later nickname is Liuyi Jushi. "The Drunkard's Pavilion" 10. Wang Anshi: courtesy name Jiefu, late name Banshan, granted the title Duke of Jing, also known as Wang Jinggong.

An outstanding politician, thinker and writer in the Northern Song Dynasty. One of the "Eight Great Masters of the Tang and Song Dynasties".

"Injury to Zhongyong" 11. Su Shi: Zizhan, Hezhong, also known as "Dongpo Jushi", was a famous writer, calligrapher and painter in the Song Dynasty (Northern Song Dynasty). He, his father Su Xun, and his younger brother Su Zhe are both famous for their literature, and they are known as the "Three Sus" in the world; they are as famous as the "Three Cao Fathers and Sons" (Cao Cao, Cao Pi, and Cao Zhi) in the late Han Dynasty.

Su Shi, together with Han Yu and Liu Zongyuan of the Tang Dynasty and Ouyang Xiu, Su Xun, Su Che, Wang Anshi and Zeng Gong of the Song Dynasty, are collectively known as the "Eight Great Masters of the Tang and Song Dynasties". Together with Huang Tingjian, Mi Fu and Cai Xiang, they are known as the calligraphers who best represent the achievements of calligraphy in the Song Dynasty, and are collectively known as the "Four Calligraphers of the Song Dynasty".

"Jiang Chengzi." "Hunting in Michigan".

12. Xin Qiji: (1140-1207), poet of the Southern Song Dynasty. His courtesy name is You'an and his nickname is Jiaxuan. He is the author of "Jiaxuan's Long and Short Sentences" and "Broken Array" (Watching a Sword while Drunk with the Lamplight on).

13. Ma Zhiyuan: A famous dramatist in the Yuan Dynasty. A native of Dadu (now Beijing).

Ma Zhiyuan is famous for his writing and has an ominous name. It was later named "Dongli" to emulate Tao Yuanming's ambition.

He is later than Guan Hanqing, Bai Pu and others.

"Autumn Thoughts on Tianjing Sha" 14. Wu Jingzi: (1701-1754), courtesy name Minxuan, nickname Limin, a native of Quanjiao, Anhui in the Qing Dynasty.

In his later years, he called himself Old Man Wenmu and wrote fifty-five chapters of "The Scholars". "Fan Jin passed the examination" 15. Lu Xun: a native of Shaoxing, Zhejiang.

A great modern Chinese writer, thinker and revolutionary. Lu Xun's original name was Zhou Zhangshou, but he later changed his name to Zhou Shuren, with the courtesy name Zhangshou and the nickname Yucai; "Lu Xun" was a pen name he used after joining the May 4th May 4th Movement. Because of his growing influence, people used to call him Lu Xun.

A Chang and "The Classic of Three Seas", hometown Kong Yiji, Xue, have the Chinese lost their self-confidence? 16. Lao She: Modern writer, formerly known as Shu Qingchun, courtesy name Sheyu, a Manchu Zhenghongqi native, a native of Beijing, a modern Chinese novelist, dramatist, and famous writer. "Winter in Jinan" 17. Zhu Ziqing: (1898.11.22-1948.8.12) His original name was Zihua and his nickname was Qiushi. Later he changed his name to Ziqing and his courtesy name was Peixian.

"Sleep, Little One" written in February 1919 is his first new poem. He was a participant in the May 4th patriotic movement and was influenced by the May 4th wave and embarked on the path of literature.

"Back View". 18. Guo Moruo: formerly known as Guo Kaizhen, "Street Market in the Sky".

19. Chekhov: Russian novelist and dramatist. He, Maupassant of France and O. Henry of the United States are known as the three great masters of short stories.

"Chameleon" 20. "The Book of Songs": It is the earliest collection of poems in China. The Book of Songs was originally called "Poems" and contains 305 poems, so it is also called "Three Hundred Poems".

Since the Han Dynasty, Confucianism has regarded it as a classic, so it is called "The Book of Songs". The authors of most of the poems in the Book of Songs cannot be verified.

21. "Zuo Zhuan": According to legend, it was written by Zuo Qiuming, a historian in the late Spring and Autumn Period. It is a chronological historical work in ancient China.

The full name of "Zuo Zhuan" is "Chun Qiu Zuo Shi Zhuan". Its original name was "Zuo Shi Chun Qiu". During the Han Dynasty, it was also called "Chun Qiu Zuo Shi" and "Zuo Shi". It was only after the Han Dynasty that it was often called "Zuo Zhuan".

Together with "Gongyang Zhuan" and "Gu Liang Zhuan", it is collectively known as the "Three Biography of the Spring and Autumn Period". "Zuo Zhuan" represents the highest achievement of Pre-Qin historiography. It is an important document for studying the history of Pre-Qin and the Spring and Autumn Period. It had a great influence on the historiography of later generations, especially in establishing the status of chronicle history books.

22. "The Analects": "The Analects" pioneered the style of quotations. The exemplary nature of Chinese articles also originates from this.

The Analects of Confucius more faithfully records Confucius's words and deeds, and also reflects Confucius' thoughts more concentratedly. The present edition of The Analects contains twenty chapters.

The core of the political thought of Confucius, the founder of Confucianism, is "benevolence", "propriety" and "righteousness". 23. "Mencius": Confucian classic.

The book "Mencius" is "written in imitation of the saints". It not only absorbs the essence of "The Analects", but also accepts some characteristics of "The Great Learning" and "The Doctrine of the Mean". In the book "Mencius", the most prominent reflection is the thought of benevolence and righteousness.

Benevolence is the center of Confucianism. Confucius often talks about benevolence but seldom talks about righteousness. Mencius attaches equal importance to benevolence and righteousness. He has a famous saying, "Sacrifice one's life for righteousness". The book "Mencius" is developed in the form of questions and answers, with refutation as the main method of argumentation.

It records Mencius’ thoughts in detail. < /p>

) Here is something I recommend to you, see if it will be useful, I wish you good luck in the exam 1. Confucius’s Quotations ① The statement discussing the learning attitude in "Eight Principles" is "Sensitive and eager to learn, not ashamed to ask questions; when three people walk together, they must "You have my teacher", "Never get tired of learning", "Knowing is knowing, not knowing is not knowing"; ② The statement that discusses the learning method is "Learn and practice from time to time; review the past and learn the new;", "Learn without thinking, you will lose sight of it" "Thinking but not learning is dangerous", "Choose the good ones and follow them, and change the bad ones;" know it silently ③ The sentence that discusses the dialectical relationship between learning and thinking is "Learning without thinking is useless; thinking without thinking" If you don't learn, you will be in danger.

④The sentence that discusses the way of being a teacher is to know it silently, never tire of learning, and never tire of teaching others. Change those who are not good."; ⑥The sentence that discusses personal cultivation is "Isn't it a gentleman who doesn't know something? ④"?

2. "The Fish I Want" Mencius ① "The Fish I Want" uses the metaphor of fish and bear paws to introduce the argument of this article: "Those who sacrifice their lives for righteousness"; use Regarding the reasoning of "Therefore, what you want is more than the living, and what you hate is more than the dead." and "If you give it to you when you call it, those who practice the Tao will not accept it; if you give it to you, you will be despised by beggars."

demonstrates the existence of "righteousness".

② If you accept ten thousand bells without discerning etiquette and justice, how can ten thousand bells do anything to me? , for the beauty of the palace, the support of my wives and concubines, and the needy people I know, can I take care of them? ! "Fish I Want" 3. "Born in Worry, Die in Well-being" Mencius in "Born in Worry, Die in Well-being", Mencius believed that the objective conditions for cultivating talents are to "suffer one's mind, work one's muscles and bones, and starve one's body" The skin of the body is empty, and the behavior is chaotic and chaotic." Only in this way can one "tempt one's heart and forbearance, and benefit what he could not do." The subjective condition for cultivating talents is "people persevere in their mistakes, and then they can change; trapped in the heart, It is based on consideration and then action; it is based on color and sound, and then metaphor."

4. "Cao GUI's Theory of War" and "Zuo Zhuan" ① Fighting involves courage.

One burst of momentum will lead to failure, and three times it will be exhausted. ②Chairman Mao made a high-level summary of the content of "The Debate on Cao GUI" in "Strategic Issues in China's Revolutionary War"; "The article pointed out the political preparations before the war - to win the trust of the people, and described the positions conducive to starting a counterattack - the long-term The spoon describes the opportunity to start a counterattack - when the enemy is exhausted and we are in surplus, and the opportunity to start the pursuit - the time when the flag is in chaos."

Here, "winning the trust of the people" means. Lu Zhuanggong said that "the prison of small and large, although it cannot be observed, must be based on emotion"; "the other is exhausted and I am full" refers to the time when "Qi people drum three times." Because "one drum creates energy, then weakens, and three times it is exhausted." ”

; “The chaos of the rut” and the “violence of the flag” were discovered by Cao GUI who “looked down at the rut and looked at it from the top of Shi”. 5. "Zou Ji Satirized the King of Qi for Accepting Admonitions" "Warring States Policy" ① My wife's beauty in me is selfish; my concubine's beauty in me is because I am afraid of me; my guest's beauty in me is because I want something from me; ② Yan, Zhao, When Han and Wei heard about it, they all came to Qi.

This so-called victory over the imperial court. ③When the order was first issued, all the ministers came to admonish, and the court was like a city.

6. "Departure List" Zhuge Liang ① Now the south has been settled, and the soldiers are enough to reward the three armies. The central plains have been settled in the north. The common people are exhausted and the slaves are dull, the traitors are eliminated, the Han Dynasty is restored, and the old capital is restored. . When Zhuge Liang analyzed the situation in "The Master's Watch", he pointed out that the unfavorable objective conditions were "the late emperor's business was half-started when the middle road collapsed; today it is three points lower and Yizhou is exhausted," and the favorable subjective conditions were "the guards A minister who is loyal will never stop working on the inside; a person who is loyal will forget about himself outside."

In order to achieve this, three suggestions were put forward: "open the door to the saints", "to punish Zang and others, not to be similar or different" and "to be close to virtuous ministers and stay away from villains". In his autobiography of his original annals and the kindness of the late emperor in knowing the situation, he wrote a famous saying about receiving orders in times of danger: "I was appointed when the army was defeated, and I was ordered to be in danger."

7. "The Story of the Peach Blossom Spring" Tao Qian ① Tao Yuanming's sentence describing the beautiful scenery of the peach forest in "The Story of the Peach Blossom Spring" is "There are hundreds of steps along the bank, there are no miscellaneous trees, the flowers are delicious, and the fallen flowers are colorful."; The sentence describing the living environment of Taoyuan people is "The land is flat, the houses are neat, there are fertile fields, beautiful ponds, mulberry and bamboo"; the sentence describing the social customs of Taoyuan is "There is traffic on every road, and chickens and dogs hear each other.

Among them, the men and women are dressed like outsiders, with their yellow hair hanging down, and they are enjoying themselves. "

② Tao Yuanming's sentence suggesting that Peach Blossom Spring is a fictitious one is "I will hold on to the road and aim for it everywhere." "When you look for your destination, you get lost and you no longer find your way."

8. "Three Gorges" Li Daoyuan ① In "Three Gorges" Li Daoyuan used the words "or the king's order is urgently announced, sometimes the white emperor will be sent to the emperor in the morning, and he will arrive in Jiangling in the evening. In the meantime, he will travel 1,200 miles. You can't control the wind with speed." The side describes the turbulence of the water in summer.

② Li Daoyuan captured the quietness and quietness in "Three Gorges" and described the river water in spring and winter as "the plain green pool, the green reflection. There are many cypresses and hanging springs" The waterfalls are flying and luxuriant.

The mountains are clear and majestic, and there are many interesting things. Every time it is sunny and frosty, the forest is cold and the stream is solemn. The sound is very sad, and the sound is heard in the empty valley, which lasts for a long time. "Absolutely."

9. "Miscellaneous Theory" (4) ("Horse Theory") Han Yu ① There was Bole in this world, and then there was the thousand-mile horse.

Thousand-mile horses often exist, but Bole does not always exist. ②A horse that can travel a thousand miles.

One meal may be a millet or a stone. Those who eat horses don’t know that they can travel thousands of miles and eat.

Although this horse is capable of running a thousand-mile, it is not full of food, lacks strength, and its talent is not visible externally. Moreover, if you want to be like an ordinary horse, you cannot get it. How can you expect it to be able to run a thousand-mile? ③ He approached him with his advice and said: "There is no horse in the world!" Woohoo, is there really no horse? In fact, I really don’t know about horses.

10. "The Story of Little Stone Pond" Liu Zongyuan ① Cutting bamboo and taking the road, you will see a small pond at the bottom, the water is especially clear and cold.

② There are hundreds of fish in the pond, all of them seem to be swimming in the air with no support. Green trees and green vines are covered with swaying winds, scattered and scattered.

11. "Inscription on the Humble Room" Liu Yuxi closely adheres to the theme of "Only My Virtue" in "The Humble Room", and the quiet and elegant sentence about "The Humble Room" is "The moss marks on the upper steps are green, The grass is as green as the curtain." The sentence that describes the owner's indulgence and laughter is "There are great scholars in talking and laughing, and there are no idle people in the world." p>

There is no disorder of silk and bamboo, no labor of writing." The sentence that is analogous to the famous house of ancient sages is "Zhuge Lu in Nanyang, Yunting of Xishuzi"; the highlight of the whole text is "This is a humble house." , But I am virtuous.”

12. "The Story of Yueyang Tower" Fan Zhongyan used the name of writing in "The Story of Yueyang Tower" and used the theme to express his broad-minded mind and "not to be happy with things, not to be sad with oneself" and "the world is innate". The politics of "worry when you are worried, and be happy when the world is happy".

4. Common knowledge of Chinese literature in junior middle schools

Lu Xun, a native of Shaoxing, Zhejiang, formerly known as Zhou Shuren, also named Yushan, was a great proletarian writer, thinker, and revolutionary who was the founder of the Chinese Cultural Revolution. Commander. It is also called the "national soul" by the people.

Novels: "The Scream", "Wandering", "New Stories"; ("The True Story of Ah Q", etc. are all collected in "The Scream")

Prose collection: "The Dynasty" "Flowers Picked Up at Dusk" (formerly known as "Revisiting Old Things")

Literary treatise: "A Brief History of Chinese Novels";

Collection of prose poems: "Weeds"

" "Fu Lei's Family Letter" is an excerpt of a family letter written by Chinese literary and art translator Fu Lei to his children Fu Cong and Fu Min. The book is an excellent book for young people's ideological cultivation, a classic model of quality education, and a godson full of father's love. Famous articles. The two children (Fu Cong, a famous piano master, and Fu Min, a special English teacher) they cultivated with painstaking efforts and painstaking efforts are the successful embodiment of their educational ideas of being a person first and becoming a "family" later, thinking independently, and teaching students in accordance with their aptitude. Therefore, Fu Lei The couple has also become a model for Chinese parents.

"The Education of Love" is a children's novel written by the Italian author Edmundo de Amicis. The film of the same name incorporates all the greatest loves in the world: the love of teachers, the love of students, the love of parents, the love of children, the love of classmates... Each kind of love is not earth-shattering, but it is touching.

Ba Jin, whose original name was Li Yaotang, also had the courtesy name Fu Gan (fèi). Modern writer, publisher and translator. At the same time, he is also known as one of the most influential writers since the "May 4th" New Culture Movement. He is an outstanding Chinese literary master in the 20th century and a giant in China's contemporary literary world. He has written many books, including his representative works "Home", "Spring" and "Autumn". Ba Jin is considered to represent the conscience of mainland Chinese intellectuals

Bing Xin died at the age of 99. Her original name was Xie Wanying and her pen name was Bing Xin. It means "a piece of ice with a heart in a jade pot". Known as the "Old Man of the Century". Famous modern poet, writer, translator, and children's writer.

"Biographies of Famous People", also known as "Three Lives of Giants", is a biographical work created by the famous French critical realist writer Romain Rolland in the late 19th and early 20th centuries. Three biographies: "The Biography of Angelo" and "The Biography of Tolstoy".

"Water Margin", also known as "Water Margin of Loyalty", generally abbreviated as "Water Margin", was written in the late Yuan and early Ming Dynasties. It is the first chapter novel written in vernacular in Chinese history and one of the four major Chinese novels. One of the great masterpieces.

"The Romance of the Three Kingdoms" is China's first chapter-length novel. The novel describes the relationship between the three political and military groups of Wei, Shu and Wu headed by Cao Cao, Liu Bei and Sun Quan in the late Eastern Han Dynasty and the entire Three Kingdoms era. conflicts and struggles. In the broad social and historical background, it shows the sharp, complex and distinctive political and military conflicts of that era, which had a profound impact on later generations in terms of political and military strategies.

"Journey to the West" is one of the four classic Chinese classics. "Journey to the West" was compiled by the Ming Dynasty novelist Wu Cheng'en in the middle of the Ming Dynasty after countless folk artists and authors put in huge efforts. This book describes the legendary adventure story of Sun Wukong, Zhu Bajie, and Monk Sha protecting Monk Tang from studying in the West and going through eighty-one hardships.

I wish you good grades

5. Literary knowledge for the high school entrance examination

The novel "Water Margin" has created many heroic images, among which you are deeply impressed. One of the characters is (name) Wu Song.

The story of him (her) drunkenly beating up Chiang Men-god is well-known to every household. (2004 Hebei High School Entrance Examination) 2. Do you know who Lu Tiha saved in the Wild Boar Forest after rescuing the Jin family and his daughter in "Water Margin"? Can you also summarize a storyline involving the person being rescued? Please fill in the blanks below.

Rescued person: ____Lin Chong____________________________Story plot name: ______A big havoc in the wild boar forest_______________ (2004 Shanxi High School Entrance Examination) 3. Based on your reading experience, choose one of the following statements that is correct item. In the 2004 Harbin High School Entrance Examination, there is a hero in "The Romance of the Three Kingdoms". He used wine to kill Hua Xiong, rode alone for thousands of miles, scraped bones to cure poison, and was admired and revered as China's "Martial Saint" by future generations. This hero is ( B) A. Zhao Yun B. Guan Yu C. Zhang Fei D. Ma Chao 2. Examine in the form of couplets, antithetical couplets, and idioms 1. The famous Chinese classical literature related to the following couplets and poems is: ① "Strange Stories from a Chinese Studio" "②"The Romance of the Three Kingdoms".

(2 points) ①Writing about ghosts and monsters is superior to others, and it is three points of being greedy and cruel. ②The rolling Yangtze River flows eastward, and the waves wash away all the heroes.

Right and wrong, success and failure are all gone: the green mountains are still there, and the sunset is red several times. (2004 Yantai High School Entrance Examination) 2. Please complete the following celebrity couplets based on the foreign masterpieces you read outside class.

The first couplet: Braving the wind and waves of fate to play tragic music (Beethoven) The second couplet: Forging iron will to write glorious chapters (Ostrovsky) 2004 Fuzhou High School Entrance Examination 3. Pair the couplets.

2004 Guangdong High School Entrance Examination The first couplet: resourceful, Kong Mingqiao borrowed the arrow; the second couplet: sentimental, Daiyu mourned the flowers. 4. The postscript "Zhou Yu hits the yellow cover - one is willing to hit and the other is willing to suffer" is a consensual meaning.

This postscript is derived from the story of "The Romance of the Three Kingdoms". 2004 Kunming High School Entrance Examination 3. Combining it with modern reading 1. "The Wonderful World of Symmetry" expository essay The 2004 Taiyuan City High School Entrance Examination Duality reflects the symmetrical beauty of language.

Please use the method of duality to complete the seventh chapter of "Journey to the West". Chapter 7 ***: The Centering Ape at the foot of the Five Elements Mountain vHelp you "The Centering Ape at the foot of the Five Elements Mountain" refers to Sun Wukong being pressed under the Five Elements Mountain by Tathagata Buddha. The "mind ape" is Sun Wukong.

Selected content from the first half of the seventh chapter: Time flies so fast, and before I know it, Laojun is full of energy in seven, seven and forty-nine days. On this day, open the furnace to get the elixir.

The great sage covered his eyes with his hands and was rubbing his hands to shed tears. He could only hear the sound of the stove. When he suddenly opened his eyes and saw the light, he couldn't help but jumped out of the alchemy furnace. With a roar, he knocked down the Bagua furnace and walked out.

2. The narrative essay "The Teacher Said to Me" in the 2004 Jilin High School Entrance Examination involves three classic works of Chinese literature. Which one is your favorite to read? Talk about the reasons why you like it based on the relevant plots in this famous book. ("Water Margin", "Romance of the Three Kingdoms" and "Journey to the West 3", "Reading "Brain-Grinding" Books" Argumentative Essay 2004 Nanjing Classics are often "brain-grinding" books that have "passed the test and precipitation of time".

Please choose one of the following famous works, briefly write about a plot that you are familiar with, and talk about your experience and insights about this plot (4 points) Famous works: "Water Margin", "Journey to the West". "How Steel Was Tempered", "Robinson Crusoe" and "Childhood" Answer: Plot: Experience and insights: 4. Examine with common knowledge in literature. Choose one of the following statements that is incorrect.

2004 Nantong High School Entrance Examination (B) A. "Guanyong", "Jianjia" and "Junzi Yuyu" are all selected from the "Book of Songs", which is the earliest collection of poems in my country, and is divided into three major categories: "Wind", "Elegance" and "Song". Category.

B. Lu Xun's "From Baicao Garden to Sanwei Bookstore", "She Opera", Zhu Ziqing's "Back" and Wei Wei's "My Teacher" are all popular memoirs. C. Classical literature. In the famous work "Water Margin", the stories such as outsmarting the birthday card, drunkenly beating Jiang Menshen, and beating Zhujiazhuang three times are vivid, twists and turns, and exciting.

D. "Biographies of Famous People" written by the French literary giant Romain Rolland. ”, which describes the spiritual journey of Beethoven, Michelangelo, Tolstoy and other great figures overcoming various hardships in life.

6. Four masterpieces of Chinese literature knowledge for high school entrance examination

1. "Journey to the West" - A Fantasy Mythical World Author: Wu Cheng'en (Ming Dynasty) Main content: It consists of three parts: Sun Wukong causing trouble in the Heavenly Palace, Tang Monk's birth, and Tang Monk's master and apprentice seeking scriptures from the West.

Along the way, they conquered demons and went through hardships, obtained the scriptures, and achieved enlightenment. Main characters: ①Tang Monk: Honest and kind-hearted, dedicated to Buddhism, but timid, pedantic, and poor in discernment.

②Sun Wukong: A rebel and rebel in feudal society, restless, naughty, strong in martial arts, brave and witty, and as powerful as enemies. ③Zhu Bajie: Honest and honest, brave in battle, not afraid of monsters, but greedy. Sleeping, funny and absurd, with the consciousness of small producers and ordinary people.

④ Monk Sha: simple and honest, loyal and loyal. Typical plot: ① Monk Tang - seeking scriptures from the West ② Sun Wukong - making trouble in the Heavenly Palace, three. Adjusting the Banana Fan, Beating the Bone Demon Three Times, Fighting the Red Boy ③ Zhu Bajie - Recruiting a Marriage at Gao Laozhuang ④ Monk Sha - Becoming a Disciple at Liushahe Artistic Features: ① Good at telling stories and highly readable

② Good at shaping characters. Image. ③Be good at wild imagination and bold and unique exaggeration.

Enlightenment or feeling: No matter what difficulties you encounter, as long as you set a goal, dare to face it, and move forward bravely, you will definitely achieve your ideal. "Water Margin" - a heroic legend of resistance to feudal tyranny Author: Shi Naian (late Yuan Dynasty and early Ming Dynasty) Main content: vividly describes the process of Liangshan heroes from uprising to prosperity and finally failure

Especially by writing about the different life experiences and paths of resistance of many reckless heroes, the theme of "***" is clearly expressed. Main characters: ① Song Jiang (Timely Rain): The people's ideal loyalist and the most prestigious leader in the rebel army.

Ability to unite brothers and recruit talents; resourceful and decisive, with military and organizational talents; character that is both rebellious and compromising. ②Lu Zhishen (Flower Monk): He hates evil as much as his enemies, he is chivalrous and courageous, rough and fine, open-minded and sensible, and has a hot temper.

③Lin Chong (Leopard Head): When forced to go to the Liangshan Mountains, he resigned and submitted, endured humiliation and humiliation, endured humiliation, and later became shrewd and courageous. ④Wu Song (Walker): A symbol of loyalty, courage and justice, a typical warrior, a representative of revenge, and an upright righteous man.

⑤Li Kui (Black Tornado): Cowardly and bold, straightforward and loyal, generous and generous.

Typical plots: ① Song Jiang - writing an anti-poem ② Lu Zhishen - punching Guanxi, knocking down weeping willows ③ Lin Chong - Fengxue Mountain Temple, accidentally entering the White Tiger Hall ④ Wu Song - furiously killing Ximen Qing, drunkenly beating Jiang Menshen , Recapture the Happy Forest, Make a fuss in Feiyunpu, Splatter the Yuanyang Tower with blood ⑤ Li Kui - Bai Tiao in Doulang, Kill the Four Tigers in Yiling, Kill Luo Zhenren with an ax, Exploring Cave to Rescue Chai Jin, Lantern Festival in Tokyo Artistic Features: ①Full Text Structure It is majestic and complete, with many characters introduced one by one, and each heroic story is like a heroic biography.

②The narrative is informative and exciting. ③The language is popular and vivid, and the characters are vividly created.

Enlightenment or feeling: We should be like the heroes in Water Margin, hate evil and seek justice. However, the feudal dross such as the indiscriminate killing of innocent people and discrimination against women in the works should be abandoned.

3. "Romance of the Three Kingdoms" Author: Luo Guanzhong (Ming Dynasty) Main content: Describes the dark political darkness of exploitation by the landlord class after the failure of the Yellow Turban Uprising in the late Eastern Han Dynasty, the melee situation of mutual annexation, and the rise and fall of the Three Kingdoms. Main characters: ①Liu Bei: Loyal, kind, polite and virtuous corporal.

②Guan Yu: Loyal, righteous, and upright. ③Zhang Fei: Brave and rough, hating evil as much as hatred.

④Cao Cao: Intelligent, brave, and ambitious, he was a statesman, strategist, and poet in the late Eastern Han Dynasty. ⑤ Zhuge Liang: Foresighted, knowledgeable, indifferent to fame and fortune, he was a statesman and military strategist at that time.

⑥Sun Quan: Blue eyes and purple beard, Huanglong descends to earth, slightly courageous, but mediocre in his later years. Typical examples: ① Liu Bei - visited the thatched cottage three times and shot a halberd at the gate ② Guan Yu - single-handedly defeated the enemy, passed five passes and killed six generals, warmed the wine and killed Hua Xiong, scraped the bones to heal his wounds, and defeated Maicheng ③ Cao Cao - "I would rather teach me to bear the consequences" The people of the world, stop teaching the people of the world to betray me" and "cooking wine to discuss heroes" ④ Kong Ming - Burning the new fields, fighting with the Confucian scholars, capturing Meng Huo seven times, leaving Qishan six times, (Lost Street Pavilion) beheading Ma Su with tears ⑤ Sun Quan - Encouraging learning, adventure on the battlefield, dividing Jingzhou, and outsmarting Guan Yu's poems: ① The rolling Yangtze River flows eastward, and the waves wash away the heroes.

Success or failure turns into nothing. The green hills are still there, and the sunset turns red several times.

②Mian took shelter temporarily from the tiger's den, telling the truth that the hero was shocking. A clever person can cover up when he hears thunder, and he is as trusting as a god when he adapts to circumstances.

Enlightenment or feeling: Was that an era when heroes emerged in large numbers? The only hot spot they care about is nothing more than the fight for power, especially the fight for the only dragon chair. In order to fight for the throne, they did not hesitate to kill people like hemp, flow into rivers of blood, burst dikes and release water, take advantage of the wind and set fire... Why do not one of so many heroes say a word for the common people? 4. "A Dream of Red Mansions" Author: Cao Xueqin (Qing Dynasty) Main content: With the four major families of Jia, Shi, Wang, and Xue as the background, and using the love of Jia Baoyu and Lin Daiyu as clues, it describes the rise to decline of Jia Jiarong and Ning's mansion. process.

Main characters: ① Lin Daiyu: sentimental and versatile. ②Jia Baoyu: Young Master Yihong, the King of Flowers in Jiangdong, a wealthy and idle man who pursues freedom, happiness and has a rebellious spirit.

③Wang Xifeng: Smart and capable, sweet-tongued but cruel-hearted, duplicitous, greedy and selfish. ④Xiang Ling: Both talented and beautiful, clever in mind.

⑤Grandma Liu: Cautious, able to play both sides, chivalrous and courageous. Typical examples: ① Daiyu - bury flowers, burn poems ② Baoyu - sleepwalk in Taixu illusion, cry bitterly at Xiaoxiang Pavilion ③ Wang Xifeng - set up a lovesickness bureau and assist in Ningguo Mansion ④ Xiangling - study poetry ⑤ Grandma Liu - enter Grand View Garden Poems: One is the fairy flower of Langyuan, the other is the flawless jade.

If you say there is no romantic connection, you will meet him again in this life; if you say there is a romantic connection, how can you end up lying in vain? Enlightenment or feelings: Reading "Dream of Red Mansions" will realize the decadence and decline of the landlord class and aristocratic group. Their decline is inevitable.

7. Summary of general knowledge about Chinese literature in the third grade of junior high school

Nationality/dynasty of the author’s works Evaluation of the author

Zhu Ziqing’s “Spring” - modern poet, essayist, scholar , democracy fighter

Lu Xun's "From Baicao Garden to Sanwei Bookstore" "Morning Blossoms Picked Up at Dusk" A great modern writer, thinker, and revolutionary

Contradiction "Praise to Baiyang" "Miscellaneous Notes on Experiences" Outstanding Modern Writer

Bing Xin's "Little Orange Lamp" "Little Orange Lamp" Famous modern female writer and children's literature writer

Aesop's "Two Aesop's Fables" "Aesop Fable" Ancient Greek fabler

Ye Shengtao "Suzhou Gardens" "Encyclopedia Knowledge" Modern writer, famous educator

Wu Han "Talking about Integrity" "Selected Essays of Wu Han" Modern Historian< /p>

Wang Yuanjian "Seven Matches" "People's Literature" Modern Writers

Andersen "The Emperor's New Clothes" "Andersen's Fairy Tales and Selected Stories" Famous Danish fairy tale writer

Qi Khov's "Chameleon" - Russian critical realist writer in the late 19th century

Mencius "Chapter 2 of "Mencius" "Mencius" Confucian masters after Confucius during the Warring States Period

Zhuge Liang's "Shi Shi Biao" 》 "The Collection of Zhuge Liang" An outstanding statesman, thinker, and military strategist during the Three Kingdoms period

Tao Yuanming's "The Peach Blossom Spring" "The Collection of Tao Yuanming" A famous poet in the Eastern Jin Dynasty

Liu Yuxi's "Inscription on a Humble Room" "Inscription on a Humble Room" 》 Famous poets of the Tang Dynasty

Su Shi's "Night Tour of Chengtian Temple" "Collection of Su Wenzhong" Famous writers of the Song Dynasty

Fan Zhongyan "The Story of Yueyang Tower" "Collection of Fan Wenzheng" Northern Song Dynasty Politician

Ouyang Xiu's "The Drunkard's Pavilion" "Ouyang Wenzhong's Collected Works" Northern Song Dynasty writer and historian

Li Bai "Hearing that Wang Changling moved to the left and Long Biaoyuan has this message" "Selected Poems of the Tang Dynasty" 》 Romantic poet of the Tang Dynasty

Xin Qiji "Broken Array"