What is the working principle of Lillo telescope?
The objective lens is a convergent lens and the eyepiece is a telescope with a divergent lens. The real image formed by the refraction of light through the objective lens is in the focus behind the eyepiece (near the back of the human objective lens). This image is a virtual image to the eyepiece, so it is refracted by the eyepiece to form an enlarged upright virtual image. The magnification of galileo telescope is equal to the ratio of the focal length of the objective lens to the focal length of the eyepiece. Its advantage is that the lens barrel is short and can stand upright, but the field of vision is relatively small. A device that juxtaposes two galileo telescope with low magnification and uses a bolt button in the middle to adjust its definition is called a "drama viewing mirror"; Because it is easy to carry, it is often used to watch performances. The telescope invented by Galileo plays an important role in the history of human understanding of nature. It consists of a concave lens (eyepiece) and a convex lens (objective lens). Its advantage is simple structure, which can directly form an upright image.
Buy a spectacle lens with a larger diameter and focal length from a stationery store as an objective lens and a lens with a smaller focal length as an eyepiece. Put two lenses in a cardboard tube with glue and small slots, and then make a simple base, so that a telescope that can see the mountains on the moon, the stars of the Milky Way and Jupiter's moons is finished. Think about it, Galileo discovered it with this. But remember, don't observe the sun directly through a telescope, lest the high temperature burn your eyes! Galileo's refracting telescope has an annoying disadvantage, that is, it produces "false colors" around bright objects. The crux of "false color" is that the so-called "white light" is not white light at all, but a mixture of all colors that make up the rainbow, from red to purple. When the light beam enters the objective lens, it refracts, and the degree of refraction of light of various colors is different, so the focus of imaging is different, resulting in blur.
Related introduction:
It is reported that Italian astronomer and physicist Galileo 1609 invented the first astronomical telescope in human history. He first observed the shadows cast by the lunar highlands and craters, and then discovered sunspots, in addition to Jupiter's four largest satellites. Since then, great progress has been made in science and technology, and the rapid development of optical technology has promoted the continuous updating of scientific instruments. Today's most advanced ground telescope has a huge structure with a flexible rotating lens with a diameter of 10 meter. However, modern and advanced astronomical telescopes are all developed on the basis of predecessors.
/kloc-0 In the autumn of 609, Jia, who is also a professor of mathematics, science and astronomy at the University of Padua, made a telescope with a magnification of 32 times. Galileo aimed his lens at the moon for the first time, which was the first time that humans made scientific observations on the moon. 161065438+17 October, Galileo discovered four moons of Jupiter, which provided conclusive evidence for Copernicus' theory and marked the beginning of its victory. With the help of a telescope, Galileo also discovered Saturn's rings, sunspots, the rotation of the sun, the profit and loss phenomena of Venus and Mercury, the balance between the moon's Sunday and Zhou Yue, and the fact that the Milky Way is composed of countless stars. These discoveries opened up a new era of astronomy, and the door of modern astronomy was opened.
Development history
1609 In May, Galileo, who was on an academic visit to Venice, overheard a news that someone in the Netherlands had invented a "magic mirror" that could see the future, which made him very excited. He quickly found an excuse to end his trip in a hurry, returned to the university and plunged into the laboratory. ...
In less than three months, the 45-year-old professor has copied two instruments. What is even more unusual is that he not only regards them as toys for literati and wealthy businessmen to have fun, but looks at the distant mountains and points them at the stars!
Galileo hand-painted the map of the moon in August, and he used it to observe the moon for the first time. I don't want to, the charming silver plate in people's eyes turned into a riddled and ugly "marijuana face" in his telescope! So he named those circles with high edges "craters", while those dark areas of flat tubes were called "oceans".
More importantly, he knows that the moon is not a stunner created by God, and things in the sky are not necessarily perfect. He thinks that the moon, like the earth, is a world with a field. Perhaps, the mysterious "moonlight clan" may live in those caves.
Galileo telescope's Principle Then Galileo aimed at the bright star. Although the "stars are still stars" in the telescope, they are obviously brighter and there are many small stars invisible to the naked eye. As a result, he became the first person in the world to see through the mystery of the long galaxy-this is not the "milk road", but the brilliance of countless stars! All this also convinced him that Copernicus's saying that "the stars are extremely far away from us" may be a wise saying, otherwise why can't the telescope enlarge them? From the end of that year, Galileo's eyes turned to the planet again. On October 7th, 65438/kloc-0, he had seen Jupiter's small yellow round face, which showed that the planet was indeed much closer than the star. At the same time, he immediately found that there are always four smaller spots next to Jupiter, which are almost in a straight line. After several months of tracking, he was convinced that they all go around Jupiter like the moon goes around the earth, and they should be Jupiter's satellites. This shows that not all celestial bodies are orbiting the earth! So it became the first observation basis of Copernicus and Heliocentrism.
In order to commemorate Galileo's discovery, later generations also called these four relatively large Jupiter satellites "Galileo satellites". Except Europa, which is slightly smaller than the moon, the other three are bigger than the moon. Europa is an apple in the eyes of astronomers because it has a real ocean of water. There are many indications that Europa is probably the second living planet in the solar system! Therefore, the pope who brutally interrogated Galileo later lamented that "as long as Jupiter's light shines in the sky, people will not forget Galileo", which became the best evaluation for him.
16 10 In August, Galileo's interest in Venus increased greatly because he saw its crescent shape in the telescope. In order to find out what happened and do further research, but he was afraid of being published first, so he rearranged the sentence of observation results into a set of puzzles (which was also a fashionable way to protect the right of invention at that time).