Spring Hope

The country is broken by mountains and rivers, and the city is surrounded by deep vegetation in spring. Chang'an fell and the country was shattered. Only the mountains and rivers remained. When spring came, the city was empty and sparsely populated, and the vegetation was lush and deep.

I am moved to tears by the flowers in my heart, and the birds are startled by their hatred. Sentimental state affairs, in the face of the blooming flowers, can't help but burst into tears. The separation of relatives and the chirping of birds are frightening, which in turn increases the hatred of separation.

The war rages on for three months, and a letter from home is worth ten thousand gold. Since the beginning of spring, wars have been raging frequently, and it has spread for three months. News from home in the state is rare, and one letter is worth ten thousand gold.

The white-headed scratches are shorter, and the lust is overwhelming. I scratched my head with sadness and thought. The more I scratched my head, the shorter my white hair became. The hair fell out so short and sparse that it was almost impossible to insert a hairpin.

Notes

1. National destruction: refers to the capital Chang'an being occupied by rebels.

2. Sentimental sentences: Because of sighing about current events, you will shed tears when you see flowers.

3. Hun: Simply.

4. Too many hairpins: Because of the short hair, even the hairpins cannot be inserted.

Translation

Chang'an fell and the country was shattered. Only the mountains and rivers remained. When spring came, the city was empty and sparsely populated, and the vegetation was lush and deep.

Sentimental state affairs, in the face of the blooming flowers, can’t help but burst into tears. The separation of relatives and the chirping of birds are frightening, which in turn increases the hatred of separation.

Wars have been raging frequently since the beginning of spring and have spread for three months. The family is in a desperate situation and one letter is worth ten thousand gold.

I scratched my head with sadness and thought. The more I scratched my head, the shorter my white hair became. The hair fell out so short and sparse that it was almost impossible to insert a hairpin.

Appreciation

In July of the fifteenth year of Tianbao's reign (756), Emperor Xuanzong of the Tang Dynasty, the Anshi rebels captured Chang'an. Suzong ascended the throne in Lingwu and changed the Yuan Dynasty to De. On his way to Lingwu, Du Fu was captured by the rebels and brought to Chang'an. He wrote this poem the following year (the second year of Germany).

This is a five-character poem written in the second year of Emperor Suzong's reign (757) of the Tang Dynasty. At that time, Chang'an was burned and looted by the Anshi rebels, and everything was desolate. Du Fu saw that the mountains and rivers remained unchanged but the country was ruined and the family was destroyed, and the spring returned to the earth but the cities were desolate. At this time when he was experiencing adversity and homesickness, he couldn't help but feel sad about the scene, and expressed deep sadness and infinite emotion. The poet expresses his patriotism in this poem.

The poet witnessed the fall of Chang'an's flutes after the fall, experienced adversity and felt homesick, and he couldn't help but sigh with emotion. The first and second couplets of the poem describe the devastation of the Spring City, full of sighs; the third and fourth couplets describe the situation of missing relatives, full of detachment. The whole poem is calm and subtle, sincere and natural, reflecting the poet's love for the motherland and his feelings for his family. Modern writers such as Xu Yingpei and Zhou Rongquan commented on this poem: The meaning is thorough but straight, the scenes are comprehensive but not dissociated, the emotions are strong but not superficial, the content is rich but not complicated, the rhythm is strict but not rigid. This argument is quite appropriate. "A letter from home is worth ten thousand dollars" is also a famous saying that has been passed down through the ages.

The whole article revolves around the word "wang". The first four sentences use scenes to express emotions and combine scenes. The poet writes that the city of Chang'an is overgrown with vegetation and sparsely populated to set off the dilapidation of the country. First of all, a country is shattered by mountains and rivers, which is shocking. There is a sense of historical vicissitudes that things have changed and people have changed. It describes the desolate scene of the country being ruined and the city being deserted. The two sentences use objects to personify the flowers and birds. Feeling the division of the country and the difficulties of the country, the flowers and birds in Chang'an shed tears and were frightened. The spring is written through two things, flowers and birds, and the sadness of seeing things is expressed. It uses personification to express the sorrow of a subjugated country and the sorrow of parting. It reflects the poet's patriotism. The poet looks from afar to a focused perspective, from far to near, and his emotions from weak to strong. In this cross-conversion of emotions and scenery, the poet's sighs, worries and indignation are implicitly conveyed. The country is in turmoil, wars have been going on for years, people are separated from their wives, and there is no communication. It is especially valuable to receive letters from home at this time. The poet reflects from the side the great pain that the war has brought to the people and the people's eagerness to know whether their relatives are safe or not during the turmoil. At the same time, it is also difficult to obtain family letters to express the poet's deep concern for the country. The last two sentences describe the poet's increasingly sparse white hair, which cannot even be inserted into a hairpin, and describe the depth and breadth of the poet's sorrow and anger through movements. The whole poem is full of scenes, deep emotions, implicit and concise, and concise and comprehensive, which fully reflects the poet's melancholy and frustrated artistic style.

The whole poem expresses the poet's worries about the country, sadness for time, homesickness, grief for himself, and longing for his relatives.

The whole poem is calm and subtle, sincere and natural, reflecting the poet's love for the motherland and his feelings for his family. Modern writers such as Xu Yingpei and Zhou Rongquan commented on this poem: The meaning is thorough but not straight, the scenes are comprehensive but not dissociated, the emotions are strong but not superficial, the content is rich but not complicated, the rhythm is rigorous but not rigid. This argument is quite appropriate. "A letter from home is worth ten thousand dollars" is also a famous saying that has been passed down through the ages.