Reading can break thousands of volumes, and writing is like a god ",which is a famous sentence of Du Fu, a great poet in the Tang Dynasty. Later generations have made different interpretations of these two poems. In Detailed Notes on Du Poems by Qiu Zhaoao in the Qing Dynasty, there are three explanations for the word "broken" in "reading ten thousand volumes". One said: "There are many volumes in my chest, so I can write from both sides." Second, he said, "The book is broken, which means that Youwei has compiled three unique works. Cover is easy to grind if you are familiar with it. " Three said: "See through the truth of ten thousand volumes". These three theories reflect the different understanding of the word "broken" in a concentrated way. To sum up, it is: breakthrough, wear out and see through.
the so-called "breakthrough" means reading more and reading more, which means reading widely. Wang Chong, a famous thinker in the Han Dynasty, said: "People who don't know much about the world, don't know anything, don't know whether they are blind, deaf and have a carbuncle." At all times and in all countries, any scholar with outstanding achievements is a studious and well-read person. Wang Chong himself has read nearly 13, volumes in his life, and "a hundred schools of thought spread widely", so he can write the great book Lun Heng.
the so-called "worn out" means that the book is worn out due to familiar reading. Confucius read the Book of Changes in his later years, which caused the cowhide rope of bamboo slips to be worn off many times, which was called "Wei Bian San Jue". According to the actual needs, it is an effective reading method to select some books to read repeatedly, deepen understanding and deepen memory. Su Dongpo has a poem saying: "Therefore, you never tire of reading a hundred times, and you will know yourself when you are familiar with it." This is from experience. If you don't read a book and put it on the shelf, it is no different from waste paper; Read the book and swallow it at a glance. "Press the booklet and you will forget it." What good is it to read more?
The so-called "seeing through" means reading intensively and thoroughly understanding the principles in the book. Intensive reading, first, we must grasp the key points, rather fine than miscellaneous; Second, we should study deeply to be proficient. "Books are as rich as the sea, there are all department stores, and people's energy can't be all inclusive." Therefore, reading should be good at choosing and taking its essence, and it is not allowed to read excessively. After selecting the key points and determining the main attack direction, we must go deep and study hard until we really understand it. Lu Jiuyuan, a philosopher in the Song Dynasty, said, "Learning can only be done after everything is covered.". This means that learning must reach the point where there is no confusion. If you don't pay attention to understanding, read aimlessly, and read more, it is bound to be like Zheng Banqiao said: "Reading is broken, and there is no master in your heart."
No matter what the meaning of the word "broken" is, "reading thousands of books" is suitable for people who specialize in academic research. For a scholar, it is "although there are many volumes, it is all eyes." The books of the Tang Dynasty range from thousands of words to tens of thousands of words in a volume, but thousands of books has only 1 million words. It is equivalent to the current 32-page 5-page book with 3 books. For those who specialize in academic research, this reading is far from enough. Therefore, the word "Wan" in Du Fu's poems should take many meanings, that is, "read more and have a book in your heart".