Chapter 41 of Duke of Lushan: Yuyang encourages Arabs to get drunk, and it is too late for the governor to try poverty. This is the slogan of the Heaven and Earth Society.

Original sentence:

Heaven and earth Hao will tell a group of people that they want to avenge Wu. It seems that they are all one of their own, and they are all very happy. Qian Laoben shouted: "Mother of the earth, father of heaven. What about friends outside? "

The slogan of the Heaven and Earth Society is "Mom and Dad, set things right and see the light again", but when you meet an unidentified person, first turn these eight words upside down. If you are brothers in society, you will recognize each other. If you are an outsider, the other party doesn't know what to say, and your identity will not be exposed.

Seventeen or eighteen people outside the village and on the roof shouted in unison: "The earth shakes Gorkon, and the mountains and rivers are beautiful throughout the ages." Everyone in the hall shouted: "The gate is close to the sea, and the three rivers have flowed together for thousands of years." Someone on the roof said, "Which brother is here?" Qian Laoben said, "Aoki Hall is a brother to welcome all brothers. Which big brother has arrived? "

Extended data:

Introduction to Heaven and Earth Society:

Heaven and Earth Society, one of the secret civil societies in Qing Dynasty. It is named after worshipping heaven as father and earth as mother. Also known as Hong Men? , commonly known as the red gang? .

At present, there are several different opinions about the time of the establishment of the heaven and earth society, but there is no conclusion. At first, most of its members were small-scale craftsmen and traders transformed from farmers or bankrupt farmers? Transport workers and other vagrants with no fixed occupation along the land and water transportation.

In the future, the composition is more and more complex, but it is still dominated by the poor at the lower level.

The slogan of Heaven and Earth Society is to fight against the Qing Dynasty, restore the sight, do justice for heaven and rob the rich to help the poor, which reflects the national concept of ordinary people at that time and the demand of opposing class oppression. Before the demise of the Qing Dynasty, it played a great historical role in the resistance of the Han people to the bullying and oppression of the Manchu people.

The poem "Brother Yi asked my name, my family was originally in Muyangcheng, my mother was Li Jinniang of SongBerlin, and Huating became sworn and changed her surname to Hong";

Ask the poem "Brother Yi asked me when I was born, I was born in Jiayin when I was young, and I was born on the 25th when something happened." ：

There were several Jiayin years in the Qing Dynasty, namely, the 13th year of Kangxi (1674), the 12th year of Yongzheng (1734), the 59th year of Qianlong (1794) and the 4th year of Xianfeng (1854).

The time, place and characters of the ceremony are very clear, but it does not mean that it is the first ceremony of the Heaven and Earth Society. Most researchers of the Heaven-Earth Society think that it was founded in the 13th year of Kangxi, when an initiation ceremony was held in Muyangcheng.

Fang Dahong, Hu Dedi, Ma Chaoxing, Cai Dezhong and Li Shikai were honored as the five ancestors in 1674, indicating that the first ceremony of the Heaven and Earth Society was long before 1674.

Guo Yi is the general of Muyang Town, 166 1 transferred to Guangxi Corps. Later, more conference books (secret documents inside the Heaven and Earth Society) were found in Guangxi than anywhere else, which can preliminarily prove that the Heaven and Earth Society was related to Guo Yi and was established before he left Muyang City.

The wind poem mentions that the dragon, tiger, tortoise and snake in the incense table "The dragon, tiger, tortoise and snake are on the left" and the nine palaces and eight diagrams in the forty-ninth poem "All over the world, three mountains and eight caves, nine cows and five tigers sleeping together, two women and seven beauties visiting six hospitals, and gathering in May" are all Taoist things.

How can a Taoist ceremony be presided over by Buddhist children like Fang Yizhi, Bulk, Chen Jinnan and Honger? It can't be the fifth ancestor of Shaolin. From the beginning of the Heaven-Earth Meeting, the words "Open and aboveboard, fight the world" were affixed to the wooden barrel on the incense table of the initiation ceremony.

These four words have many different interpretations in hundreds of years. Are these four words the interpretation of that year or other meaning? In any case, it is certain that the story of Xilu is adapted by later generations, not historical facts.

Legend:

Legend has it that Emperor Kangxi recruited the Master of South Shaolin Temple as an official in Putian, Fujian, and made an expedition to Tibet. After the great victory, some people falsely accused these masters of rebellion, so the court sent eight banners soldiers to burn and destroy the South Shaolin Temple.

There are five Shaolin lay masters who can't escape, and they hate the Qing court from now on. They asked Wan Yunlong to be the leader and Chen Jinnan to be the strategist. Hong Men was established for the "Hong Men Five Dragons" and took "parents" as his own responsibility, so it was called the Heaven and Earth Society, and Zheng Chenggong was honored as the founder.

Dialectical:

Zheng Chenggong was founded: Zheng Chenggong, the king of Yanping, defeated the Dutch East India Company, occupied Taiwan Province Province (successor Zheng Jing and the next Zheng Keshuang died in 1683), and was still determined to restore the Central Plains, so he established Hong Men.

Under the code name of "Liu Han", the Hong Men resistance organization stationed in Chinese mainland was established.

In order to show disobedience to the Qing Dynasty, the nickname "Heaven and Earth Society" was adopted by Hong Men.

Since then, it has been repeatedly banned and evolved into Gankun Club, Dim Club, Sanfen Club, Sanhe Club, Circle Club, Liu Han (Stay) Club and Bagua Club. It is reported that there are more than 50 names.

Hong Men Wu Zhou should be a general who resisted the Qing soldiers with Shi Kefa, and then joined Zheng Chenggong in Hong Men, stayed in the "Liu Han" organization in Chinese mainland, recruited anti-Qing righteous men, and waited for Taiwan Province to join the army in Chen Yonghua.

Chen Yonghua alias Chen Jinnan, there are many contacts, all in the name of "Chen Jinnan" issued orders. According to legend, when Chen Jinnan was in Hubei, he once lived in the "White Crane Cave" in the south of Xiangyang, and was called "Road flyover of White Crane". In the name of preaching, he traveled all over the world and contacted people with lofty ideals.

The image of "White Crane Fairy Teacher" is the symbol of China organization. Many places in Taiwan Province Province have the custom of offering sacrifices to the crane fairy or the crane mother.

After Zheng Ke surrendered to the Qing court in the Ming and Zheng Dynasties, the Chinese martial arts schools they left in Fujian and Guangdong were collectively called "Kung Fu" in South Shaolin, and martial arts was called Kung Fu in Guangdong and Guangxi.

In the twenty-sixth year of Qianlong (176 1 year), Zheng Honger, a monk with a pseudonym of Wan Yunlong, founded the Heaven and Earth Society in Fujian, advocating anti-Qing, regaining sight, chanting Buddhism during the day, gathering people at night to gamble, collect money and plan an uprising.

Zi Ji Zheng, subordinate Chen Biao, Chen Pi, Zhang Pu, Zhang Gou (broken face dog), Lu Mao, Zhao Mingde and hundreds of others.

In the thirty-third year of Qianlong (1768), Yunlong sent Lu Mao to lead more than 300 people to attack the yamen in Zhangpu County. But before all the ministers arrived, it was revealed that dozens of people were killed and more than 300 people in the congregation were captured.

At the beginning of the thirty-fifth year of Qianlong (1770), Yunlong sent Li Shaomin to honor Zhu Zhenxing, the imperial clan of the Ming Dynasty, as the "King of Revitalization". Unexpectedly, when the government got wind of it, the incident went away immediately. Yunlong was defeated twice and lost hundreds of people.

When they were arrested, they were afraid of Yunlong's revenge on their relatives and giving up Yunlong. Yunlong, pretending to be a monk, is still at ease in the temple, and the government doesn't know. After Yunlong's death, his son Ji Zheng took over the Heaven and Earth Society, and his legal name was Xingyi.

After the Lin incident, the court strictly investigated the Fujian-Taiwan Heaven and Earth Association and revealed that the mastermind of the above two incidents was.

His son Xingyi was arrested. In the fifty-fourth year of Qianlong (1789), Wu Lanna, the governor of Fujian and Zhejiang, and Xu Sizeng, the governor of Fujian, memorialized the contents: "In the twenty-sixth year of Qianlong, propose to create Heaven and Earth Society ... The common name of this criminal is Ryan, and the monk's name is Tixi, also known as Tu, also known as Er Monk Hong."

In memory of Wan Yunlong, the congregation of the Heaven and Earth Society often call themselves "Brother Wan", and even use "Wan" as the code word of the surname: for example, "Who are you?"

Evolution:

The Heaven and Earth Society was originally established as a secret mutual aid group among lower-class workers, but it became more and more fierce due to repeated repression by the Qing court. During the Qianlong period, the slogans were "chasing heaven to do good", "shaving corrupt officials" and "seizing the country for heaven".

After Jiaqing, slogans such as "unclear prosperity" and "clear opposition" were put forward. Anti-Manchu content was added in the late Qing Dynasty. In order to cope with the suppression of the Qing court, it is convenient to absorb the congregation and constantly create new names, which has become a secret association system with dozens of names.

Because the organizations are scattered and there is no unified leadership, organizations in the same area are not affiliated with each other. The Heaven-Earth Society has no fixed doctrine and object of worship, but it has strict rules. Later, it developed into thirty-six vows, requiring the congregation to be loyal to the vows and keep secrets strictly.

Secret association activities were strictly prohibited in the Qing court, which was clearly stipulated in the Qing Law. However, the activities of Heaven and Earth Society against feudal rule of Manchu landlord class never stopped.

Heaven and Earth Societies launched armed struggles many times in the Qing Dynasty, including Taiwan Province Lin Uprising in 51 years of Qianlong, Chenzhouquan Uprising in Taiwan Province in 60 years and Jiashan Uprising.

After the Opium War, the armed uprising launched by the Heaven and Earth Society had a great influence. Important ones are Dacheng and Shengping Uprising in Guangxi, Xiamen Knife Society Uprising and Shanghai Knife Society Uprising from the first year of Xianfeng to the fifth year of Xianfeng.

During the Taiping Heavenly Kingdom, the activities of the Heaven and Earth Society were very active. Its leaders, Hong Daquan (Jiao Liang) and Luo Outline, led the congregation to join the Taiping Army. The short-term regimes such as Dacheng, Shengping and Yanling established by the Heaven and Earth Society in Guangdong and Guangxi also cooperated with the struggle of the Taiping Heavenly Kingdom.

During the Revolution of 1911, the Heaven and Earth Society and its branches actively participated in and supported the armed uprising led by the revolutionaries. Overseas Hong Men organizations not only give revolutionaries strong financial support, but also send people back to China to participate in the revolution.

Tan Renfeng, one of the 1911 Revolution, wrote in the Opinions of the Reform Society: "The success of the 1911 Revolution (Xinhai Revolution) actually planted the Hong Men Society 200 years ago." "At the beginning of the movement, only the Hong Men brothers could keep a secret.

After the launch, only the Hongmen brothers can listen to the command. ""No matter how far or near people are, no matter how dangerous things are, people are brave and people are the first. Wuchang Uprising, the provinces responded, and the Republic won in a few months. The credit of the army is also the credit of the Hongmen brothers. "

However, after entering the Republic of China, the vast majority of heaven and earth in China will become tools for a few people to fight for power and profit or accomplices of the reactionary ruling class to oppose revolution and suppress the people.

Most overseas Hong Men organizations still exist as an important link to unite overseas Chinese, and only a few have become underworld organizations.

After jiadao, the heaven and earth society developed overseas, spread widely among overseas Chinese in Southeast Asia and America, and organized overseas Chinese to hold many struggles against western colonists.

Modern triad society

The modern underworld was born out of the previous heaven and earth society, but now it has degenerated into a underworld organization.

The china zhi gong party in modern Chinese mainland developed from the overseas branch of the Modern Heaven and Earth Society to the court, and was founded in the United States in the early 20th century.

During the Republic of China, triads actively participated in the revolution, such as assisting Sun Yat-sen, Huang Xing, Tao, Yang, Zheng Shiliang and Chen in the uprising revolution.

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