1. Lu Jiuyuan, the founder of the Southern Song Dynasty's Mind School, put forward the idea of "six classics note me", which is an academic proposition and method of Confucian classics.
Lu Jiuyuan advocated "making contributions", "knowing the foundation" and "inventing the foundation". Put forward the proposition that "mind is reason". "Reason is the axiom of the world, and heart is the public interest of the world" (Volume 15 of Lu Jiuyuan Collection). He pointed out: "The heart is just a heart, a heart, my friend's heart. The heart of a saint has existed for thousands of years, and the heart of a saint has existed for thousands of years. " (same as above, volume 35) Only, "the sages have my heart first" (same as above, volume 1). Therefore, Lu Jiuyuan thinks that "after you learn this book, I will footnote all the Six Classics" (ibid., Book 34). In other words, man's original heart is in harmony with heaven, and as long as he can invent his own original heart, he is equal to the sages of past dynasties. Because in the past, sages could only invent their own nature, which was in line with heaven. The difference between the two is only the time sequence, and the Six Classics are only used as documents to help prove that they invented the original consciousness.
Emperor Wen of Sui, a disciple of Lu Jiuyuan, clearly explained the meaning of "Six Classics Notes on Me" in his recitation: "The author of the book is a gentleman's government; Poetry ",Mr. Chant; Li's "Festival of Gentlemen" and "Spring and Autumn Annals" show the right and wrong of gentlemen; Lu Jiuyuan's method of "I pay attention to the six classics" in Yi and The Change of Mister (same as above, volume 36) was inherited and developed by Wang Yangming, a master of mind science in later generations, and put forward the view that "the study of the six classics is the study of mind", clearly pointing out that "the person who learns the six classics is not him, and my mind is always on the Tao" (Volume 7 of Yangming Quanshu). In addition, the connotation of Notes on Me in Six Classics is explained more vividly: "People who are interested in the Book of Changes are also interested in the news of Yin and Yang in my heart; "Book" is also a person who longs for discipline and politics in my heart; "Poetry" is also a person with singing temperament that I yearn for in my heart; "Rites" are also those who are interested in the organization and frugality of my mind; Music is also a happy and peaceful person in my heart; Chunqiu is also true, and my heart is sincere, empty and evil. "
In a word, his thought and method of "Annotating Me through Six Classics" are different from Neo-Confucianism in the same period, and also from the method of "Annotating Me through Six Classics" which emphasizes exegesis and distinguishes famous things between Chinese and Confucianism, and has certain positive significance. However, in the later period, this method became empty and arrogant, and became an excuse for empty talk and no need to read classics, which had a negative impact.
2. Neo-Confucianism in Song and Ming Dynasties has always regarded itself as a descendant of Confucius and Mencius. Generally speaking, they have their own opinions on the annotations of various schools since the Han Dynasty, forming two schools: Song School and Sinology. Chinese studies focus on exegetical textual research and sentence reading; Song studies mainly focus on interpretation, which is the study of life. Lu Jiuyuan's "Annotating Me through Six Classics" is his own method of inheriting the Tao of Confucius and Mencius, and "Annotating Six Classics" expounds his thoughts through the Six Classics. Therefore, everyone's interpretation of the Six Classics is different, but his own personal opinion, and the original intention of the Six Classics is unknown. Zhou Dunyi, Cheng Hao, Cheng Yi, Zhang Zai, Shao Yong, Zhu et al. All their comments on the Six Classics are elucidating their own ideas. A few days ago, a friend wrote that the original intention of "ceremony" was not what the Song and Ming Neo-Confucians said. I think this is understandable. Their use of "Li" is not groundless. It makes sense to explain this root with your own thoughts.
Confucius said, "Faithful to the past, words are not enough." (The Analects of Confucius) This sentence has a lot to do with "Six Classics Note Me, I Note Six Classics". Confucius emphasized his consistent position. In his view, ancient civilization is worth learning, extensive and profound, no doubt. If people think it's out of date or something, it's because they don't understand and don't realize it. In fact, Confucius didn't really "narrate without action", but "narrate" and "act". He developed his thoughts since the Western Zhou Dynasty and formed his own philosophical system, especially the elucidation of "benevolence" and "propriety" and his own life realm, which are all reflections of his own thoughts. It can be said that they originated from ancient civilization, but they are different from ancient civilization. In this sense, "keeping faith and being fond of the past" means "six classics note me", and "words without deeds" means "six classics note me" in a sense.
Dai Zhen, a Confucian scholar in the Qing Dynasty, said: "The way of a saint lies in the Six Classics, while the Confucian scholars in the Han Dynasty lost their righteousness by counting;" Song Confucianism gained its meaning and lost its number. " (Collected Works of Dai Zhen Fang Xiyuan Book) Dai Zhen's annotations are not all a combination of numbers and meanings. His masterpiece "The Interpretation of Mencius' Word Meaning" is the annotation to Mencius. In fact, he didn't follow Mencius' idea. He criticized Zhu Cheng's Neo-Confucianism, and his criticism was related to the social atmosphere at that time. Not long ago, I read Mr. Hou's Biography of Fu Shan, which mentioned Fu Shan's criticism of Neo-Confucianism, but the writings of Mr. Fu Shan and Mr. Sun Qifeng were admirable. This shows the influence of social atmosphere on a person's understanding. In fact, Fu Shan doesn't know Zhu Cheng. Generally, 1000 people say that people will not believe what they know and what they don't know, just like now. Dai Zhen is different. He knows Zhu Cheng well, and his theory of rational desire and rational things is quite reasonable. In Mencius, he put forward his views on reason, goodness, nature, benevolence, righteousness, courtesy, wisdom, faith, honesty and Taoism, only borrowing the topic. On 1998, Tang proposed to establish "Hermeneutics" in China, which was essentially a combination of classical philosophy and modernization. Let classical philosophy play its positive side, which is very enlightening to people.
I hate to see many netizens say that China's philosophy is always centered on morality. I think this question is like this. I think this is the value of China's philosophy. For example, Confucianism, in this philosophical sense, is to cultivate one's morality and cultivate one's nature first, and to be sage inside before being king outside. As far as achievements are concerned, it is mainly in politics, but also in scientific research. We don't exclude farming and scientific innovation, but we think that people have status and who do what. "Six Classics Note Me, I Note Six Classics", in the comments of Confucian scholars, pay attention to moral cultivation and the realm of life. So their annotation is defined as moral annotation, which is the combination of the times and modern neo-Confucianism. Most of them are the combination of Chinese and western philosophy. They pay attention to the western logical analysis method and the moral life realm of China's philosophy. Everyone talks about "Tao", and the similarity of this "Tao" is to consciously abide by certain norms and improve one's spiritual realm while observing these norms. "Six Classics Note Me, I Note Six Classics", Confucian masters in past dynasties have explained the Six Classics, and their explanations have a standard, that is, moral spirit.
Not long ago, I wrote A Place to Settle Down, Respect for Self-cultivation and Knowledge-based, People can be enlightened by Taoism, but not by Taoism, Children are not fish, they can enjoy fish, and they are all Confucian self-explanations. Looking back on the past, thinking about the present, and my three-year study experience, there are these posts. In my opinion, "Six Classics Note Me, I Note Six Classics" is intrinsically related. Learn the Six Classics and realize the truth from it. Your own understanding is "Six Classics Note Me", and you will form your own understanding through continuous study and understanding, that is, "I note Six Classics". The process of "six meridians note me" is "I note six meridians", and the two are closely combined.