( 1036~ 1 10 1)

Su Shi, Zi Zizhan, was born in Meishan, Sichuan. Dongpo promoted the new law in Wang Anshi 1057. At the age of 22, he was already a scholar and official.

From a conservative standpoint, Dongpo wrote a letter urging the victims of the new law. The book says: "A country survives because its morality is shallow and it doesn't care about its strength;": The reason why it counts is because it is thin and doesn't care about being poor or not. If people know this, they will know the weight. " He asked Zongshen to weigh the weight, respect morality and vulgarity, and not be insatiable and eager for success. After reading this book, Zong Shen. Listening to words is too wide, and entering people is too sharp: "His words are obscure and refer to Anshi, and the gods should guard against it. The god said trembling, "I should think it over carefully." "However, Su Shi's direct remonstrance offended Anshi, so he was invited out of the court. During his stay abroad, he was arrested and imprisoned for injustice and often satirized villains with poems. Anshi wants to die. The gods remember him. After An Shi's death, Sima Guang became the prime minister, and Su Shi returned to the DPRK and was promoted to a bachelor's degree in Hanlin (counselor and secretary officer around the emperor). But in the end, he was brilliant and outspoken, hated by the powerful ministers, and was exiled to Huizhou (now Huiyang, Guangdong), Qiongzhou (now Hainan Island), Hangzhou and other places. At the age of sixty-six, the History of Song Dynasty (Volume 338) commented on his life and said: "From raising children to going in and out of attendants, we must be loyal to the rules and regulations based on loving the monarch. This is quite a big festival, and the ministers are second to none. However, you can't be above the court because you hate evil. " A few words summed up Su Shi's official career and noble personality.

Dongpo's family is a Buddhist. He told himself that his father, Su Xun, and his mother, Cheng, "are kind and believe in the three treasures" (Inscription on the Sakyamuni Buddha Tower in the True Learning Garden). Dongpo was exposed to Buddhism since he was a child. In the poem "Ziyou Birthday", he said, "Shao Jun and I are studying in the imperial tomb, and I have to be supported by Sakyamuni in Lao Dan". This shows that as early as his childhood, he and his disciples turned over for my parents and wrote a eulogy saying, "The Buddha is full of rivers and sands, and he has a great sense of roundness. I think it's upside down. I'm troubled by life and death ... May my parents, together with all sentient beings, be blessed wherever they are in the West. Everyone has unlimited life and no way to go. " ("The Story of the laity") 26)

During his official residence, Dongpo traveled around with the monk * * * and learned Buddhism from him. Dongpo met many Buddhist monks in his life, among them, Lindong Changzong, Dajue Huailian, Yuquan Cheng Hao and Fo Yin were the closest. Su Shi learned the famous saying of Buddhism: "The sound of a stream is a long tongue, and the mountains are unclear; It's 84 thousand at night. How can I be like a human tomorrow? " That's the poem "On Ruthless Ci" written by him and Changzong (Volume 17, Connotation of Su Shi's Layman) to show his views on Zen. Dajue Huailian was a Zen monk that Dongpo met during his stay in Hangzhou, and later they became friends outside the Party. Dongpo replied: "The surname is a scale, which is called the scale of the elders in the world." Master Hao shouted, "How heavy is this wine? Dongpo was speechless, so he went to school to apologize. (ditto) During his relegation to Huangzhou, Dongpo established a close relationship with Fo Yin Paradise, leaving many anecdotes. Once Dongpo's first sentence: "It is the first day of my life, and it shines brightly;" Eight winds can't blow, sitting on the purple lotus. He thought it reflected the profound Zen Kung Fu, so he sent someone to introduce his son to Fo Yin Zen Master who lived across the river. After reading it, the Zen master criticized the word "fart" on it and asked people to take him back. When Dongpo saw the criticism, he was angry at the moment, so he crossed the river by boat and went to see the Zen master himself, and immediately asked the Zen master why he used rude words.

Dongpo has been a vegetarian since he arrived in Huangzhou, chanting scriptures and Buddha every day. There is ankokuji in the south of Huangzhou, and Dongpo will visit once every few days. Burn incense and sit still every time, deny yourself and repent for a long time. Feel empty in body and mind and happy in spirit. In my later years, I had nothing but a Buddha beside me, saying, "I'm going to live a case-solving life." (Biography of the laity, Volume 26). I tasted it. I was a monk in my last life. Before I died, I told my family to be buried. (China Dictionary of Buddhist Names.

Dongpo was a great poet in Song Dynasty. His optimistic, bold and detached poems are closely related to his thorough meditation. He compared learning poetry to learning Zen, and the environment of poetry is the same as Zen. "Going to Zen whenever there are good poems" (after Li Shuduan wrote poems) is his creative experience. Many of his poems are also deeply rooted in Zen, such as "the sound of the stream is long and wide, and the mountains are not clean." The combination of Buddhism and Zen with "mountain" and "stream" has a unique charm to read. A Qing Qian said: "After the Northern Song Dynasty, people who are proficient in literature and teach others should take the view of children as the ultimate principle." (Collection of Junior Students in Muzhai, Volume 83) Qian Zhongshu's Sixty-nine Records of Talking about Art also leads to a foolish saying, "Song people are good at Zen."