Yesterday, I drove to Xu Tian Ancient Town, Caochen Township, Jian 'an District, Xuchang for a slow tour. The layout of the ancient town is elegant and pyramid-shaped, with Taishan Temple in the east, Mu Jing Hall in the west, Lianhua River in the south and Yanxiugang in the north.
When I mentioned Xu Tian, I couldn't help thinking of Xu You, a spotless hermit who refused to obey the emperor, was worshipped by scholars in past dynasties, and even was regarded as an emperor who was not an emperor. Cao Zhi, the most outstanding poet in the Three Kingdoms period, has a famous saying "Medicine Zen allows you" and "Wash your ears by the river" in the Ode to Luoshen. Li Bai, a great poet in the Tang Dynasty, wrote the poem "Wash your ears and get the Tao". Du Fu has a eulogy of "not changing his festival"; Cao Xueqin, a great writer in Qing Dynasty, also praised him as an "excellent scholar". The lotus pond outside the south gate of Xutian is said to have been excavated by Xu You himself to show its whiteness. Every summer, fresh spring fills the pond, and the lotus flowers are in full bloom, like snow and jade, clean and flawless, and the breeze is swaying and the fragrance is fragrant. It is said that Xu You met the lotus fairy here, so there was a lotus pond.
According to historical records, there was a hermit named Xu You in the Tang Dynasty who lived in seclusion in Songshan, Zhongyue. Yao worked hard day and night and came to worship, hoping to make him emperor. Xu You politely refused and retreated into the depths of Songshan Mountain. Later, Yao asked him to be the leader of Kyushu (at that time, the world was divided into Kyushu), and he led the tribe down the river, came here to live and work in peace and contentment, and began to farm and grow grain. So the first farmers in the Central Plains began to appear. From then on, Xu You spent his old age alone, "facing the big platform (now shooting deer platform) and staying at dusk to the evening stream (now lotus pond)". To commemorate Xu You's pioneering work, later generations named Xu Tian after his surname. Later, Xu Changzhi's "Xu" was named after it.
At the beginning of the Spring and Autumn Period, vassals were made the world, and Xu was made a country. According to the "Ten Thousand Monuments" of Taishan Temple (now Xu Dong Primary School) in the town, "The Zhou Dynasty stayed in Han and Xu Tian, and I knew it well, and it continued from generation to generation ..."
Monument to Ten Thousand People was made in the second year of the apocalypse of Xi in Ming Dynasty (A.D. 1626). It is a quadrangular prism, one meter wide and three meters high on each side. The ridge slope of the monument is a tile-roofed house, and the handwriting of the inscription can still be recognized.
According to Daoguang's "Xu Zhouzhi" and "On Poetry", "living in Xu, compound words". Zhu Note: "Xu, a native of Lu. Kong Ying said, "The princes are great in virtue, and they recruited them from the capital, so they stayed for the future, which is called staying in the city. Lu, because of the Duke of Zhou, became the king. During the Spring and Autumn Period, the city was useless without Lu going to the Zhou Dynasty. And close to Zheng, Zheng Youtian, convenient terrain Zheng Yizhi. In the first year of Huan Gong (7 19 BC), Zheng Bo made a false promise, and then Lu's promise was found in ancient books. "The meaning of the city here is the meaning of the city; Bi, an ancient oblate jade with a hole in the middle; Fake, buy. Guo requisitioned Tian Fang and bought it with precious jade, which shows that Xu Tian is a treasure. However, the people in Baodi will never forget those who have made outstanding contributions to them. The people of Xutian will never forget the Xu You wasteland here. During the Han and Wei Dynasties, Cao Cao, who was slightly elegant and handsome, often hunted here.
Poetry is often sung here, and the system of reclaiming farmland has been promulgated here. Shortly after the implementation of the wasteland reclamation system, the land abandoned by the war was reopened, and the Lebanese people quickly got food and clothing. The increase of grain laid a material foundation for Cao Cao to unify the north. According to local people, today's "Caoniantou Village" in northern Xu Tian is Cao Cao's grain processing zone, named after rice milling. Imagine, if there is no land reclamation system, where will there be a "Cao Niantou Village" and where will Cao Cao win the "Guandu War"?
According to legend, I don't know whether Cao Cao envied Xu You's whiteness at dusk or took a fancy to Xu Tian as a treasure. Gradually, Cao Cao fell in love with everything here and prepared to move the capital to Wei. Later, the red sand land (prison land) was abandoned because it was too far from the town. How ingenious Cao Cao was to Xu Tian in those days!
According to legend, Cao Cao planned and first dug an underground soldier hole for more than 40 miles around Xudu for the need of military defense. In order to destroy the enemy more effectively and save himself, he was the first person in the world to use tunnels to hide soldiers. According to the local old man, there is an entrance to the north of Zhong Da Road in Xutian Town, which was discovered (sealed) by the production team when drilling a fertilizer well in 1975. The structure of the entrance is made of white lime, brick slag and iron slag. The cave is about five meters deep from the ground, with a wall thickness of about 0.5 meters, a height of about 3.5 meters and a width of about 2.8 meters. This cave extends from southeast to southwest. The Tibetan soldier cave extends from the "shooting deer platform" outside the west gate of Xu Tian to Xudu (the ancient city) for more than forty miles. So far, there is a story among the people in this area.
One day at the end of the Eastern Han Dynasty, Cao Cao took Xian Di, Liu Bei, Guan Yu and others to Shelutai to watch a military exercise. Cao Jun is magnificent, claiming to be 830,000. At the beginning of the exercise, the cavalry and infantry went their separate ways and were in good order. Suddenly Cao Cao hit the deer with an arrow, and Cao Bing cheered again and again. Guan Yu secretly spilled deer blood on the right leg of a gray pony in the name of watching deer, and then carefully examined Cao Jun's exercise. Soon, the gray pony appeared again At this time, Guan Yu smiled and said to the Prime Minister Cao: "Prime Minister, you are only 80,000 short of horses!" It turns out that Cao Cao's cavalry came from Xu Tianzang's cave! At that time, laughter and laughter were heard on the deer shooting platform. However, Cao Cao convinces Guan Yu eloquently on the deer shooting platform in Xu Tian. Guan Yu was later killed by Yan Liang and Wen Chou in the battle of Guandu, and Yuan Jun was terrified out of her wits.
There is a historical fact in the Notes of the Three Kingdoms: Uncle Huang Zhao, the mother of Guan Zhang, said: Liu Bei was hunting with Tso Gong in Xu. During the hunting, the crowd dispersed. Yu advised Bei to kill Gong, but he was not prepared. Bei said: "This is time, which is also cherished by the country. God helps righteousness, I know this is not a blessing! "
Shejitai, located one mile west of Xu Tian, is a key cultural relic protection unit in Henan Province. There is a stone tablet "Shooting Deer Terrace" written by Teng Zhihu in the 12th year of Qing Qianlong (1748) (this tablet is now hidden in the courtyard of shooting deer village committee in Caochen township), and the inscription reads: "Xu Tian shoots deer, but there is no history book. Is Chen Shoubei a taboo for Cao? However, when Guan Hou tasted the words, the master said: Xu Tian hunted. If he had followed a certain word, he wouldn't be here today. If it is, it is true! Therefore, what is written in the book is a rock-breaking. I know that Cao does not have the cold and treacherous courage of a gentleman, and I am moved from now on. Now the "Cao Chen Village" in Xu Tiannan 12 is said to be named after Liu Bei, Guan Yu and Zhang Fei who stopped here to tell the story of Cao Cao's mistakes.
In the works of Luo Guanzhong and Teng Zhihu, Cao Caojing became the "adulterer in the world" who deceives the king and confuses the world. "Whoosh, merits and demerits, who comment? Putting aside the orthodox feudal ethics, from a historical perspective, "Cao Cao is a very capable man, at least a hero" (Lu Xun's words). He was given the opportunity to deal with the crisis, and he was an elite. He cultivated the land, comforted the people, except Dong Zhuo, captured Lu Bu alive, flattened Yuan Shu, destroyed Yuan Shao, and unified the Central Plains ... All these things, even Liu Bei, the "first master" who claimed to be a descendant of the Han Dynasty, looked at the ocean and sighed. However, the Lotus River in Xu Tian is gurgling, as if it is also complaining about Cao Cao.
The lotus pond in Xu Tian was once a place where Emperor Xian of Han and Cao Cao enjoyed flowers and fished. Legend has it that Cao Cao fished out an old turtle here. When Cao Cao wanted to kill the old turtle, he heard someone say, "Calm down, Prime Minister. It's all right to kill the old turtle. This is very strange. I am afraid that the leader will be killed and the young children will make waves and drown the vast fertile land of the Prime Minister. If released, they are willing to open a canal for the prime minister to transport food across the army. " After a while, Cao Cao turned his anger into joy and put the old turtle back in the pool. Sure enough, that night, there was lightning and thunder, and it was stormy. When Cao Cao came here the next day, the lotus pond opened a long river to the southeast! Cao Cao immediately named the river "Lotus River". There is still a legendary story about Cao Cao fishing here to release the old turtle.
Xu Tian is an outstanding man. In the long river of history, the Eastern Wei asked, Tang Tongxing was two years old, and Song Xizong established the county three times in four years. During the Song and Jin Dynasties, it was called Xutian Town. This is the post station from Chen Zhou to Luoyang in ancient times, and the only place from Xuzhou to the capital of song dynasty. There is a lot of traffic here all the year round, and merchants gather. Some have a tea break here, some eat snacks here, and many children from other places spent that happy night in the inn of this ancient town. Xu Tian, decorated by skillful craftsmen in past dynasties, is built with the Temple of God, the Temple of Xu Yousi, the Temple of Guandi, the Temple of Respect for Mother, the Temple of Jionji and the Temple of Mount Tai. , is unique. (1965, many buildings here still retain the ancient style of the Han and Wei dynasties. ). According to the old people here, in winter in Xu Tian, dead trees are blocked, the land is white, and there is a northland scenery; Xu Tianxue has always been very popular. It is one of the wonders of Xu Tian and one of the top ten scenic spots in Xuchang. In the seventh year of the reign of Emperor Qianlong, Zhen Ruzhou, the magistrate of Xuzhou, wrote a poem praising, saying: It is better to play with things after the snow, seal the dead trees and make all the flowers fly, and go straight to the deer platform and look far away. The fields are full of jade and sand.
Xu Tian, whenever trees revive in spring, the ancient town is more lively and unusual; The arrival of ancient society has added three points of drunkenness here; Like Clivia in Yanling, Peony in Luoyang, and daily necessities … everything. There are monks in temples, businessmen from urban and rural areas, and farmers and couples who have worked hard in this ancient land for many years. They gathered here to watch walking on stilts, pushing dry boats, watching lion dances and listening to Oil Power. Those who are interested can also climb the towering "overpass" and enjoy the folk customs of Xuchang, giving people the enjoyment of spring and making people feel relaxed and happy. The feeling of pride is absolutely unique.
Go slowly to the west of the ancient town of Xu Tian, board the Lutai and overlook it, fall asleep leisurely, bow down to the Lotus Creek, and murmur the water. Xia Feng, slightly drunk, towering, lush fields on both sides. The clear lotus river has a panoramic view, which reminds people of Xu You walking slowly by the lotus pond. It seems to remind me of Cao Cao's feeling when he recited "The mountain is not high, the water is no longer deep, the Duke of Zhou vomits food, and the world returns to his heart".
"Dajiangdong has gone to the waves, and he has been a romantic figure through the ages." After several historical changes, today's Xu Tian has taken on a brand-new look, with new buildings standing in ancient towns, and a street in the town has become the center of the market, with stalls connected and people flowing endlessly; On both sides of the street, there are still some quaint Taoshan Qingwa Mingzhu plank shops; Two rows of corridors extend from east to west to the deer shooting platform for four miles; At the head of the village, all kinds of flowers are swaying under the gentle touch of Xia Feng, dazzling and fragrant, as if entering a colorful world; Looking at Xu Tianyuan, the wide cement roads crisscross, and the endless green forest pastoral scenery is intoxicating.
Ah! The beautiful ancient town of Xu Tian, like a western child, was once proud of its long history of 5,000 years. Also for her to sing as a new girl standing on the eastern Henan plain!