Project name: Chinese original medical thinking and ways of keeping in good health
Subject: Traditional Chinese Medicine
Implementing unit: China Folk Chinese Medicine Research and Development Association
Project object: medical workers and general health care enthusiasts
Project purpose: to correct the epistemological misunderstanding of trained medical workers and health care enthusiasts; Establish a correct thinking method of Chinese original medical prescriptions; Clarify the potential value of Chinese original medical culture to improve the quality of life of all mankind; Improve the trainees' theoretical accomplishment and practical working ability in guiding national health care; Popularize the knowledge of health culture to improve the relationship between doctors and patients and effectively reduce the pressure on the medical security system.
In 21, this project was a national-level continuing education project of traditional Chinese medicine approved by state administration of traditional chinese medicine. In 211, the project was transformed into a public welfare continuing education project.
supplementary information: in view of the growing chaos of "health preservation" and "diet therapy" since 21, this project believes that the fundamental reason is that Chinese medicine has lost its own value evaluation system, which is the guiding ideology followed by Chinese original medicine: the holistic view of oriental civilization. Here is a brief introduction to health preservation and dietotherapy. (reading hint: dietotherapy and medicated diet belong to health preservation, but they are not their main contents)
The whole theory of Chinese medicine is a broad sense of health preservation. Medical science is defined as "the way of living" in Lu's Spring and Autumn Annals-the former is the verb "improve", the latter is the noun "vitality" and "Tao" is the fundamental law. What is medicine? It is the knowledge of improving human self-organization and self-healing ability, or improving human vitality, so as to eliminate diseases-so it is different from the "medicine" of treating diseases in modern western countries. In Huangdi Neijing, Huangdi had a wonderful conversation with his teacher Qi Bo. When talking about the plague, the Yellow Emperor asked the teacher why some people were infected but could not get sick. Qi Bo's answer was that "healthy qi should be kept inside, and evil should not be done"-that's why we say that the whole Chinese medicine is a great regimen. Of course, the Chinese medicine mentioned here refers to the original Chinese medicine, not the "modern Chinese medicine" that has been unrecognizable after Kangxi castrated the Chinese civilization.
in a narrow sense, health preservation refers to the knowledge of improving self-healing ability through non-drug methods. The formation of the holistic view of the unity of man and nature in the 5 th century BC marked the maturity of the concept of health preservation; In 61 AD, during the great cause of Sui Dynasty, Chao Yuanfang, the then doctor of Tai Yi, concentrated on the sources and symptoms of various diseases in On the Causes and Symptoms of Diseases, but there were no prescriptions in the book, only 213 kinds of health-preserving prescriptions and guidance methods were listed. Therefore, China has taken health preservation as a routine treatment method since then, and it has been officially advocated.
Although the whole system of traditional Chinese medicine has been very mature since the time of Huangdi Neijing, the most wonderful expression is Huainan Lie Hong, which was compiled by Emperor Wu's uncle Huainan Wang. The book holds that the whole human life system (called "qi" in ancient times) consists of three elements: one is form-"the shape of the person, the house of life", that is, the "house" of human life; Second, it is God-"God is the master of life", that is, people's self-organization and self-healing ability are the masters of life. The third is Qi-"Qi is full of life". Qi is the messenger to communicate the relationship between form and God. In today's language, it is information. In the first place is "God", followed by "shape", and finally "Qi", and "a loss of position will hurt all three". Chinese original medicine is this principle, and so is the narrow sense of "keeping in good health". So, how to deal with the relationship between the three? "Huainan Lie Hong" makes it very clear: first, "it will support its gods"; Second, "harmony is weak"; Third, "flatten its shape." Now we limit "health preservation" to dietotherapy and medicated diet, which is suspected of being partial. What to keep in good health? It means "nourishing the mind", or "nourishing the heart", or "nourishing the nature". The dietotherapy and medicated diet we are talking about today are only a part of health preservation. Although they are valuable, they are not the most important part-because the first is "nourishing the mind" and the second is "cultivating the body". The purpose of dietotherapy and medicated diet is also to improve the self-organization ability of human body, that is, "nourishing the mind" That is to say, what modern people call "Qigong" (strictly speaking, it should be "medical Qigong", which was also called "guidance" and "health preservation" in ancient times) is the core content of health preservation. Reading Tip: When the values of western medicine have become the mainstream values of China medicine, "homology of medicine and food" is considered unscientific by many people. )
"homology of medicine and food" is one of the most valuable contributions to human beings in Chinese original medicine. Whole grains are beneficial to human beings but not to the body, so they are "neutral". This is the most important standard for Chinese original medicine to choose food. This standard is based on "people-oriented", not on the objective basis of "testing" with experimental animals.
In this standard, there is no clear line between food and medicine. When the food leaves the "medium" slightly, it will be cold (such as mung beans) or warm (such as lobster sauce). If it deviates far from the "middle", it is "cold" and "hot". If the medicine is farther away from the middle, this is the origin of cold medicine or hot medicine. "Those who are cold are hot, and those who are hot are cold", which is the treatment principle of traditional Chinese medicine. If you have a fever, you should use cold medicine. If the fever is not so severe, you don't have to take medicine. You can adjust it with cold food (such as mung beans mentioned above). or vice versa, Dallas to the auditorium This is what we often call "diet therapy".
dietotherapy and medicated diet are not the same concept. The former uses food for conditioning, while the latter turns what is usually classified as "medicine" into delicious food. For example, "Danggui Ginger Mutton Soup" is not only medicine, but also delicious food. It is the best choice for those who are physically weak and often have cold hands and feet in winter.
if it is extremely cold or extremely hot, it is called "poison". For example, "Croton", which is also a kind of bean, will cause diarrhea as long as ordinary people eat one by mistake, because it is extremely hot and is often used to treat patients with extreme cold. Therefore, Huangdi Neijing says that treating diseases is "gathering poison to attack it", not "gathering medicine to attack it". Therefore, no matter food, medicine or even poison are homologous, because the purpose is the same: to restore the self-organization ability that deviates from the normal state to the normal state.
western medicine is not. Any medicine can't be food, and food can't be said to be effective. As for "poison", it is even more different. It needs to be emphasized again that Chinese medicine is a "people-oriented" standard, not a "laboratory animal-based" standard. If the toxicity of Croton is tested by the usual animal model of western medicine, the result is the opposite. The experimental mice will not only have diarrhea, but also become more and more blessed, so the so-called "objective" standard of "mouse-oriented" is not perfect.
The goals of two different medical systems are different: Western medicine cures people's diseases, while Chinese medicine cures people with diseases, and each has its own value evaluation system. Originally, the two systems can complement each other and respect each other. However, today's medical and western medicine value evaluation system is in the DPRK, while Chinese medicine is in the wild, and the precious wealth of medicine and food is questioned, abandoned and misused, which is really regrettable.
For example, the once popular saying that mung beans can cure diabetes. Because of the large number of patients with diabetes and the "lifelong medication" recognized by modern medicine, the society has been troubled, so the theory has aroused widespread concern as soon as it appeared, and finally a "trust crisis" and "health crisis" about dietotherapy have been caused by many loopholes. A very contradictory point of this theory is that the standard of diabetes is defined by western medicine. For example, according to the level of blood sugar, mung bean as a diet therapy is to solve the diseases defined by western medicine from the perspective of Chinese medicine, which is unscientific in itself and loses the advantages and characteristics of Chinese medicine, because mung bean is definitely not as effective as hypoglycemic drugs of western medicine from the index alone. The two are different systems and not on the same line, so there are loopholes in this statement and it cannot be justified. After this academic loophole is enlarged, it is actually a good thing for dietotherapy or the whole Chinese medicine community: the lack of this issue is not the lack of one person, but the lack of the whole Chinese medicine community. The "health crisis" is not caused by one person, and the root cause is that the whole Chinese medicine community has lost its own value evaluation system. This lesson should be made up, our own value evaluation system should be re-established, and the soul of Chinese medicine must be recast, otherwise the whole medical system will be in danger of collapse. Although the word qigong has existed since ancient times, it has never been widely adopted. In the early 195s, the word Qigong became popular after Mr. Liu Guizhen advocated it. Compared with "guiding", "breathing" and "keeping in good health", the word Qigong seems to be more popular, but it has caused more misunderstandings.
The first is the trouble caused by the concept of "Qi". Many modern people understand "Qi" as "Qi" of air, so they misunderstand Qigong as deep breathing exercise or breathing training. In ancient times, "Qi" was a very complicated concept. Some people thought that "Qi" was the essence of matter. Guanzi said: "Everything is fine, and the ratio is the main thing, and the grains are born below and the stars are listed above. Flowing between heaven and earth is called ghosts and gods; Hidden in the chest, it is called a saint, so it is famous. " Obviously, this concept of "Qi" is too broad for the "Qi" of Qigong. Some people think that the qi of Qigong refers to the "true qi", and Neijing Lingshu says: "The true qi is filled by the combination of heaven and valley qi." For qigong, the range of qi is too narrow, because the range of qi involved in high-level qigong training is much wider than this.
The problem is not here yet, because even if the concept of Qi is clarified, it is difficult to express the meaning of Qigong. As the name implies, the so-called Qigong is "Kung Fu for practicing Qi". Therefore, many people think that Qigong means "stabbing the throat with a silver gun", "bumping your head against a stone tablet", "stepping on a balloon" and "swallowing a sword". Or think: Qigong is "letting out the internal qi" and "letting out the pulse in a thousand miles". However, in essence, Qigong is not a kung fu of "practicing qi", but a kung fu of "exercising consciousness". The famous saying "Damocle never speaks a word, but works hard with one's heart" reveals the key to Qigong exercise. In fact, no matter which school or school of martial arts, there is no one who does not work hard on "mind". Therefore, "Qigong" can be defined as an exercise method that optimizes physical and mental health through the use of consciousness. There are three meanings here:
The first meaning is method, that is, through the use of consciousness. Of course, Qigong exercise includes other elements besides using consciousness, such as body adjustment and breathing control, but the latter is far less important to Qigong. This is the main difference between Qigong and other physical exercises. The usual physical exercise also includes three tones (adjusting the heart, adjusting the breath and adjusting the shape), but taking the shape as the leading factor, adjusting the heart and adjusting the breath are the measures to ensure the optimization of the competitive state.
the second meaning is the purpose, that is, to optimize physical and mental health. This is a watershed that distinguishes it from the "hard qigong" that uses qigong to perform acrobatics. The purpose of qigong exercise is to optimize the body and mind, while "hard qigong" is to optimize the performance effect. In recent years, due to improper publicity, some people worship foreigners, and even take mastering these skills as the standard for entering a "high level". This is a great misunderstanding. It is true that "qigong external qi" exists objectively, and under certain conditions, some human senses can be more sensitive than ordinary people to some extent. However, from the perspective of qigong, the supernormal exertion of these functions should be based on the premise of not affecting their physical and mental health. Giving out foreign gas, even in ancient times, was a taboo for qigong practitioners, who thought it was the opposite of the process of alchemy.
the third layer means the way, that is, emphasizing self-exercise. In fact, all ancient and modern practitioners emphasize self-exercise. Unfortunately, many people believe in the lies of charlatans and die by mistake. According to statistics, in the 3 years of the Tang Dynasty, more than half of the twenty-one emperors were poisoned by taking the "elixir" made of ore. Zhang Pingshu, a great qigong master in the 11th century A.D., clearly pointed out: "It's even more unreal to look for grass if you don't practice the Three Yellow Gods and Four Gods." "Four gods" refer to gold, stone, grass and wood, and "three yellows" refer to minerals such as sulfur, realgar and orpiment. It means that Qigong should be practiced by yourself, not by taking what "Dan" is made of mineral drugs. Zhang Pingshu also pointed out in particular: "People should know the truth about lead and mercury, not sand and mercury." In ancient acrobatic works, lead and mercury are often used to compare the combination of vitality and essence in the process of practicing. In order to prevent misunderstanding, it is pointed out that lead and mercury in acrobatic terms are not ordinary lead and mercury. So what are the "mercury" and "lead" referred to in acrobatics? Zhang Pingshu hinted in Wu Zhen Pian that this is something that every family has, and it is a metaphor of vitality-yuan Jing. It is on themselves. As long as they keep practicing, everyone can get something. Qigong is a self-exercise method to optimize body and mind through the use of consciousness, and it is a treasure in Chinese original medicine. In ancient times, it was called health preservation, guidance, breathing, keeping one, etc., and there were more than 3 titles. Among them, "guidance" and "health preservation" are the most appropriate. Guidance, which means "guiding qi to make harmony and inducing body to make softness", comprehensively reflects the content of qigong exercise, making qi more peaceful and body more soft, which is the key technology. Health preservation emphasizes the purpose of exercise.
Guidance and health preservation methods to protect self-health have been popular for thousands of years, but it was officially promulgated by the central government authority as one of the medical means in 61 AD. That year (the sixth year of the Great Cause of Sui Dynasty), Chao Yuanfang (the president of the Central Hospital, equivalent to the Minister of Health of the State) published the book "On the Causes of Diseases". The book discusses the etiology, pathogenesis and symptoms of various diseases, which is the earliest and most complete monograph on TCM pathology in the history of Chinese medicine. The book * * * is divided into five volumes, sixty-seven doors and two thousand and thirty-nine. He is the most important medical work written by Zhang Zhongjing since Treatise on Febrile Diseases and Synopsis of the Golden Chamber.
this book is different from the predecessors in that it basically does not involve prescriptions, but only writes at the end of each theory that "its soup, ironing, needles and stones are different from other squares, which are attached to the back." A brush. On the contrary, the whole book contains 289 articles and 213 specific methods of "regimen" or "guidance method" It can be said that Chao Yuanfang is the master of medical qigong achievements for thousands of years before the gathering, and also the earliest leader of medical qigong science today. The publication of Treatise on Pathogens and Stages of Diseases indicates that the application of Qigong in medicine has entered a mature stage. "Argumentation and exertion" is the greatest feature of this book, and most of the 213 methods introduced in the book are selected according to different symptoms. There are different methods for various diseases of internal organs. For example, the method under the item of "liver diseases" is "patients with liver diseases are worried and unhappy, sad and angry, dizzy and painful, and' oh' is exhausted and cured; The guidance method under the item of "heart disease" is: "People with heart disease have cold and heat, and if they are cold, they will breathe in;" If the heat blows out "; The guiding method of "spleen disease" is: "Patients with spleen disease, with decent upper-stream wind blowing, pain, itchy body, boredom and pain, exhale with' Xi'." "Lung disease syndrome" guidance method: "Lung patients, with stuffy throat, full belly and deafness, exhale with' mouth four'. The six words "Ha", "Hu", "Blow", "Xi", "Hush" and "Kousi" were used to treat five-zang diseases, but they were not originated from the Chao family. Tao Hongjing of the Five Dynasties (AD 452-531) has been described, but as a medical method promulgated by the government, it is the credit of the Chao family.
another feature of Chao's works is conciseness. All the methods introduced by Chao Shi are very simple and easy to implement in daily life. For example, "wind whirling" has only one action: "Hold the right knee with both hands, hold the fake, and remove the wind whirling." Only eight words. Cure "constipation": "The turtle moves qi, covers the mouth, nose, head and face, and lies upright.