Speech

Speech (yǎn jiǎng gǎo)

Speech is a highly practical style of writing. It is written material prepared for a speech.

So, what is a speech? A speech is an oral language activity that expresses one's opinions on a certain issue in front of the public. Its characteristics are: first, it is conducted between people; second, it has a certain timeliness; third, it It is carried out to elaborate on a certain issue or sort out; fourth, it has a certain degree of encouragement and persuasion. Speech contests, ceremonial speeches, conference speeches, academic lectures, scientific research reports, campaign speeches, inaugural speeches, court statements, etc., all have the nature of speeches. A speech script is a document used for a speech and is also the basis for the speech. It serves speech and is speech material embodied in writing. Speeches have different contents and purposes, and speech drafts also have different forms, including reports, explanations, arguments, thanks, etc. In general, its characteristics can be summarized as follows:

1. Reality in content

The purpose of a speech is to illustrate certain views and attitudes. This perspective and attitude must be closely related to real life. It should discuss issues that exist in real life and are of concern to people. Its viewpoints should come from life or study around you, and so should the materials. It must be authentic and believable, and it must be raised and discussed to solve the problems around you.

2. Emotional persuasion

The purpose and function of a speech is to impress the audience and make the listener recognize or sympathize with the speaker's views or attitudes. As a speech with a specific purpose, a speech must be persuasive and infectious. Many famous politicians are good speakers, and they often use their excellent speeches to pave the way for their political struggles.

3. Situational specificity

Speech scripts serve speeches. Different speeches have different purposes, emotions, different occasions and different audiences, which form the basis of the speech. Situations, speech writing should be adapted to these specific situations.

4. Spoken language

The ultimate purpose of a speech is to be used for speaking, so it is an audio language and a written spoken language. Therefore, the speech must be "catchy" and "early". On the one hand, it changes oral language into written language, that is, turns sounds into words, which plays a role in standardizing words and helping speeches; on the other hand, the speech must be "catchy" and "early". Convert more formal and serious written language into spoken language that is easy to hear and understand for speech. At the same time, the language of the speech should adapt to the speaker's speaking habits and be consistent with the speaker's natural speaking rhythm.

What role does a speech script play in giving a speech? Mainly reflected in the following aspects: (1) Organizing the speaker's ideas, prompting the content of the speech, and limiting the speed of the speech; (2) Guide the audience so that the audience can better understand the content of the speech; (3) Through the understanding of the language Investigate to improve the expressiveness of language and enhance the appeal of language.

Because the speech has the above characteristics and functions, it also has certain methods to follow in terms of writing methods.

1. The structure of the speech. The structure of a speech usually includes an introduction, body, and conclusion.

The opening statement is an important part of the speech. A good opening statement can firmly grab the audience's attention and lay the foundation for the success of the entire speech. Commonly used opening remarks include clarifying the topic, explaining the background, asking questions, etc. No matter what kind of opening statement, the purpose is to make the audience immediately understand the topic of the speech, introduce the main text, and arouse thinking.

The text of the speech is also the main body of the entire speech. The main body must be focused, hierarchical, and have a central statement. The hierarchical arrangement of the main body of the speech can be arranged in time or space sequence, or in parallel, in direct and negative contrast, and in depth layer by layer. Since the speech material is expressed orally, in order to facilitate the audience's understanding, each paragraph should be coherent, with appropriate transitions and responses between paragraphs.

The end is the conclusion of the speech. It plays the role of deepening the theme. The ending methods include induction, quotation, rhetorical questions, etc. The induction method is to summarize the central idea of ??a speech and summarize and emphasize the main points; the quotation method is to quote famous aphorisms to sublimate the theme and leave thoughts; the rhetorical question method is to use questions to trigger the audience's thinking and recognition of the speaker's views. In addition, the speech can also be concluded with words of thanks, outlook, encouragement, etc., so that the speech can end naturally and leave a deep impression on people.

Most speeches are like an argumentative essay, with main points and arguments for the main points. It is best for a speech to have only one theme, which is determined by the specific situation and time of the speech. In a limited period of time, using language, gestures, etc. to explain a problem or truth to the audience, and at the same time convincing the audience, requires that the theme must be highlighted and the point of view must be clear when writing the speech.

After the topic is selected, corresponding materials must be collected to demonstrate it. The choice of materials should be popular, and should be chosen that most people know and understand, rather than materials that are too uncommon and known by few. Because the speech is performed immediately, the audience does not have time to verify or look up the content or source of the material. Therefore, before preparing a speech, you must first understand the audience: who they are, their ideological status, education level, professional status, what issues they are concerned about, etc. Mastering the characteristics and psychology of the audience, and appropriately selecting and organizing materials on this basis are necessary conditions for a successful speech.

Another thing to pay special attention to when writing a speech is the grasp of the rhythm and time of the speech. Every speech has a time limit, which can be as little as one minute, as long as one or two hours or even a day. The speaker must control the speed and content of his speech. It cannot be when the time is up, it has not been finished, nor it is far from the end of the speech. There was still some time left, and the speaker had run out of things to say. The speech draft plays an extremely important role in controlling the speed and rhythm of the speech. When writing, stop from time to time, read aloud at your normal speaking speed, and adjust the content of your speech based on the results of the reading. On the other hand, the content to be said must be adjusted according to the length of the speech, so that the tone of the entire speech has ups and downs, the rhythm has priorities, the emotions have highs and lows, and the mood has ups and downs, and relaxation and relaxation.

Finally, the speech must be emotionally contagious and the language vivid and touching. When there is no time limit, try to be short and concise, stop abruptly before the audience's energy is dispersed, and have a long aftertaste.

Examples of study speeches:

Exchange of learning experience

The midterm exam is over. Did the students reap the fruits of their hard work or sigh frequently? "If I had known today, why bother in the beginning"? However, many things are the same. If you want to achieve twice the result with half the effort, you must pay attention to methods. I summarized some of the learning methods I know. Although there is no experience, it is also some of my own opinions.

I am relatively good at learning Chinese, so I will use it as an example today. ●For Chinese, I mainly pay attention to two aspects, one is ancient poetry and the other is composition.

The focus of ancient poetry lies in reading. As the saying goes, "read a book a hundred times, and its meaning will appear by itself." I believe that reading poetry is not about the poem itself, but about experiencing its artistic conception. Only in this way can the author's writing purpose and his emotions be well expressed.

In terms of composition, sometimes some students think as soon as they write: I must write well, but the results are often counterproductive. In fact, in my opinion, writing an essay should be done in one go! Integrate yourself into it, and don't think about how good your rhetoric and beautiful language you need to use. In fact, it will be harder to express your true feelings this way. I always feel that you should not regard composition as completing a task, but as expressing a feeling, describing what you want to say on paper, and writing it down naturally, so that you will not There are too many worries, and after you finish writing, you will find that you can also be a writer.

I think that other subjects should be the same as learning Chinese. Don’t just regard it as a task to complete, but integrate it into it and do it with dedication. Learning a subject well requires not only method, but also interest. Each subject has its own applicability. Some teach you a way of thinking, while others teach you some common sense or a skill, such as mathematics. Some people will definitely wonder, can they be used in future work? It’s definitely not needed. Could it be that a boss would ask you to solve a math problem? It just teaches you how to think about a problem and how to solve it.

Before the exam, review is something we must do. Many students don't study seriously at ordinary times, and always rely on the period of time before the exam to improvise, so that they feel familiar and have an impression during the exam. In fact, this is a very bad habit. Once it is developed, the consequences will be disastrous.

Have you ever seen a high-rise building without a good foundation? The same goes for learning. If it continues like this, sooner or later it will collapse like a shoddy project, and by then it will be too late to save it. But review before the exam is also indispensable. It can consolidate your knowledge and make up for your mistakes, so that you can face the exam with more confidence.

Performance in the examination room can determine everything for you. I have personally seen the monitor of a key class in a key high school end up in a junior college because of his abnormal performance in the college entrance examination. The most important thing is to maintain a good attitude during the exam. You can concentrate on solving the problem without thinking about what the final score of the exam will be. Make sure to get a good rest before the exam. It is better to spend less time reviewing to ensure that you have plenty of energy during the exam. During the exam, it is easy first and then difficult. You must be able to overcome the difficult problems ruthlessly. Don't have any psychological burden. You must immediately devote yourself to solving the problems later. Don't think too much. Don't let it go if you don't know it. Don't worry, because since it is a difficult problem, then It must be difficult for everyone, so what are you afraid of! As long as you can think like this, I think everything can be in your hands.

Actually, having said so much, in the final analysis it still depends on ourselves, that is, we must be confident and not feel inferior. It is not necessarily a bad thing that you failed in the exam this time. Maybe you can learn more from it. Understanding your own shortcomings and being able to get better solutions may also serve as motivation for you to do well in the exam next time. Finally, I will end today’s speech with a poem by Li Bai: There will be times when the wind and waves break, and the clouds and sails will rise directly across the sea!

Then write!

The motherland is in my heart

On the bells and tripods covered with oracle bones, read the spirituality of the motherland’s childhood; on the Great Wall covered with beacons, read the boldness of the motherland’s youth; On the land covered with poetry and science, read the maturity of the motherland in its prime...

I want to say it but don’t want to say it, but I have also seen the weakness of the motherland, on the charred ruins of the Old Summer Palace, I see the motherland as a pool of blood; on Deng Shichang's brave "Zhiyuan Ship", I see the motherland as a ball of fire. But my motherland has not sunk. In the east of Asia, I hold up the mountains and seas with my broad arms, hold the descendants of Yan and Huang in my arms, repair the incomplete years with thatch and adobe bricks, and feed the hungry lives with wild vegetables and gruel. Mr. Sun Yat-sen began to plan the strategy of governing the country in the dark. Mao Zedong supported the flesh and bones of the nation on the barren land. Deng Xiaoping enlarged the vicissitudes of his pupils and guided the troubled motherland to miraculously emerge from the storms of the century. Pass!

Drift down along the source of the Yellow River and the Yangtze River, cross the Hukou, pass through the Guandong, walk through the Three Gorges, and run to the sea. In the Hexi Corridor and the North China Plain, I saw the richness and vastness of the motherland, and saw the motherland's transcendence running day and night like a thousand-mile horse; in the Yangtze River Delta and the Pearl River Delta, I saw the majesty and majesty of the motherland, and saw the neon lights of the motherland's prosperity twinkling day and night, as bright as the Milky Way...

The motherland that gives me the color of my skin, the motherland that gives me wisdom and courage. Although in the countryside, there are still the longing eyes of children who have dropped out of school; although in cities and towns, there are still laid-off female workers complaining helplessly, I know that there are more waves of reform, breaking through the old concepts and the shackles of the old system, ushering in the new century. Magnificent sunrise!

This is a motherland that eliminates the old and establishes the new. This is a motherland that is boiling and rising; this is a motherland that is at its peak. I have so many words that they can form a history, and I have so many words that they can form a galaxy, but the one that I say the most and the most emotionally is - take off for the motherland, auspicious motherland, auspicious motherland.