1. Quotations from famous people in classical Chinese

1. When heaven moves vigorously, a gentleman strives to constantly strive for self-improvement.

——"The Book of Changes" (Translation: As a gentleman, you should have a strong will, an endless spirit of struggle, strive to strengthen self-cultivation, complete and develop your own studies or career, and be able to do so to reflect Follow the will of Heaven and live up to the responsibilities and talents given to a gentleman by the universe) 2. Do not do evil because it is small, and do not do good because it is small.

——"Three Kingdoms" (Translation: Don't do anything just because it is a small, inconspicuous bad thing; on the contrary, do something small but beneficial to others. , don’t stop doing it just because it doesn’t mean much.)

3. Seeing good is like missing out, and seeing bad is like exploring the water. ——"The Analects of Confucius" (Translation: When I see a good person, I'm afraid I won't have time to learn from him; when I see a good thing, I'm afraid I won't be able to do it too late.

Seeing evil people and bad things is like contact Like scalding water, leave immediately and stay far away.) 4. If you treat yourself with kindness and blame others, you will be far away from the blame.

——"The Analects" (Translation: If you work hard and take the main responsibility if you make mistakes, it is "self-benefit". Being more understanding and tolerant to others is " "Don't take responsibility for others", in this case, there will be no resentment towards each other.) 5. The beauty of a gentleman is the beauty of a man, and the evil of a gentleman.

The villain is on the contrary. ——"The Analects of Confucius" (Translation: A gentleman always starts from the desire to be kind or beneficial to others, wholeheartedly promotes others to realize their good intentions and legitimate requirements, and does not look at the world with cold eyes.

Or they are afraid that the world will not be in chaos, and they will not add fuel to the fire when others have failures, mistakes or pain. On the contrary, villains are always "the evil of adults, but not the beauty of adults")

6. Think of the wise. Yan, when you see someone who is not virtuous, you have to introspect yourself. ——"The Analects of Confucius" (Translation: When you see someone who has strengths and advantages that exceed your own in a certain aspect, humbly ask for advice, study hard, and find ways to catch up with him and reach the same level as him; when you see someone with certain shortcomings or deficiencies , you should calmly reflect and see if you have the same shortcomings or shortcomings as him)

7. Don’t do to others what you don’t want others to do to you. ——"The Analects" (Translation: If you don't want it (pain, disaster, misfortune...), don't impose it on others.)

8. Do your duty and do not give in to the teacher. ——"The Analects of Confucius" (Translation: When you encounter something good that you should do, you should not hesitate. Even if the teacher is nearby, you should rush to do it.

Later developed into the idiom "do your duty without hesitation.") 9. A gentleman wants to be slow in words but quick in deeds.

——"The Analects" (Translation: A gentleman does not talk too much, but is quick and dexterous in his actions.) 10. When two people are of the same mind, their sharpness is as sharp as metal; when two people are of the same mind, their words are as stinky as orchids.

——"Book of Changes" (Translation: People who work together to organize, their strength is enough to break hard metal; people who work together and share the same mind express unanimous opinions, which are so persuasive that people just smell it. The fragrant orchid fragrance is easy to accept.) 11. A gentleman keeps his weapon in his body and waits for the time to come.

——"Zhouyi" (Translation: Even if a gentleman has outstanding talents and skills, he will not show off or show off everywhere. Instead, he will display his talents or skills when necessary.)

12. If you are full, you will suffer losses, but if you are modest, you will benefit. ——"Shang Shu" (Translation: Being complacent with the achievements you have achieved will lead to losses and disasters; being humble and always aware of your own shortcomings will benefit from it.)

13. People don’t know If you don't feel angry, isn't that a gentleman? ——"The Analects of Confucius" (Translation: If I have achieved something and others don't understand it, I will never feel angry or aggrieved. Isn't this also a manifestation of a gentleman's demeanor?) 14. Be true to your word and do your best. Sure thing.

——"The Analects of Confucius" (Translation: You must keep your word when you say it; when you decide what you want to do, you must do it resolutely and courageously.) 15. No intention, no necessity, no Solid, no me.

——"The Analects" (Translation: Tell the facts, don't make assumptions out of thin air; don't be arbitrary or willful when things happen, do whatever is feasible; be flexible in your actions, not rigid; don't take "I" as the center in everything, Don’t be self-righteous, work together with the people around you to complete the task together.) 16. When three people walk together, there must be a teacher. Choose the good ones and follow them, and change the bad ones.

——"The Analects of Confucius" (Translation: When three people are together, there must be someone among them who is worth learning in some way, then he can be my teacher. I choose his advantages to learn from , I will take warning from his shortcomings and deficiencies, and correct them if necessary)

17. A gentleman seeks for himself, and a villain seeks for others. ——"The Analects of Confucius" (Translation: A gentleman always blames himself, looking for shortcomings and problems within himself.

A villain often looks at others, looking for other people's shortcomings and shortcomings.) 18. A gentleman is magnanimous. Dang, the villain grows up.

——"The Analects of Confucius" (Translation: A gentleman is open-minded, frank and clean in thought, and very comfortable and stable in appearance and movements.

The villain has too many desires in his heart and a heavy psychological burden. He is often worried and worried. His appearance and movements also appear uneasy, and he often seems to be unable to sit or stand firmly. )

19. Don’t blame God or blame others. ——"The Analects of Confucius" (Translation: When encountering setbacks and failures, never make excuses from an objective perspective, and never push the responsibility to others. Later it developed into the idiom "blame others".)

20. Do not express your anger , no matter what. ——"The Analects of Confucius" (Translation: If you make a mistake, don't anger others, and don't make it a second time.)

21. A small intolerance will mess up a big plan. ——"The Analects of Confucius" (Translation: Even if you really want to do something that you shouldn't do, but insist on not doing it, it is called "forbearance".

Being intolerant of small things and having no patience will affect the overall situation. Bad things happen.) 22. Even villains’ mistakes will be punished.

——"The Analects of Confucius" (Translation: A villain must cover up his own mistakes.) 23. To make mistakes without correcting them is to make mistakes.

——"The Analects" (Translation: If you make a mistake and do not correct it, it is a real mistake.) 24. A gentleman sticks to his roots, and the Tao is born from his roots.

- "The Analects of Confucius" (Translation: A gentleman devotes himself to the fundamentals, establishes the fundamentals, and the "Tao" will naturally arise.) 25. A gentleman is ashamed of his words and goes beyond his actions.

——"The Analects" (Translation: A gentleman believes that it is shameful to talk too much and do too little.) 26. Think twice before you act.

——"The Analects of Confucius" (Translation: Every thing you do must be done after repeated consideration.) 27. Those who do many unjust actions will inevitably die.

——"Zuo Zhuan" (Translation: Doing too many bad things will eventually lead to self-destruction.) 28. No one has any faults, but they can be corrected, and there is no great good.

——"Zuo Zhuan" (Translation: Everyone may make mistakes, and as long as they correct themselves, they will still be the best people.) 29. Don't cover up your great virtue with a dim light.

——"Zuo Zhuan" (Translation: When evaluating a person, one cannot erase his merits just because of a single mistake.) 30. If a person can do one thing, he can do a hundred things; if a person can do ten things, he can do a thousand things. Of.

——"Moderate." 2. Looking for the original text of "Regret" by Zhang Zhizhi

Zhang Zhizhi's "Regret", also known as "Antelope Wood Sculpture", the original text has not been found online.

This article tells about a small conflict between children and parents. "I" gave the antelope wood carving to my best friend Wan Fang. My parents found out and forced "me" to get it back. "I" was forced to have no choice but to bite the bullet and ask Wan Fang to return the antelope to "me". "I" feel so sad that my friend regretted it like this.

Children’s behavior is opposed by parents. Parents have parents’ reasons, and children have children’s reasons. Children are in a weak position, and of course they have to be forced to obey. However, the children’s psychology is no longer the same and has been hurt. The relationship between children and parents will be affected to some extent.

In terms of right and wrong, what parents value is antelope wood carvings and the education of their children's principles of life, while what "I" value is pure friendship, and this creates a conflict. It should be said that the parents were deficient and did not explain "valuability" in advance. "I" also have shortcomings. I gave away the antelope on my own without knowing its "valuability" and without consulting the adults. If both parties were more considerate, such pleasant things wouldn't happen.

Children are nurtured by their parents. Parents are in a dominant position, and they are responsible for their children's shortcomings. Instead of blaming their children for making their own decisions, it is better to blame yourself for not making it clear beforehand. The author's inclination is mainly to educate children. If you look at it from the "I" side, there are lessons to be learned. After all, I was naive when I was young, so it is very necessary to discuss with adults about anything.

This kind of contradiction is the contradiction between family affection and friendship. In the final analysis, it is still a "generation gap" problem. Due to the changes of the times and different knowledge backgrounds, the two generations will inevitably have various differences in their treatment of life, ideals, family ties, friendships, and values, which will inevitably be reflected in many families.

"Antelope Wood Carving" shows two inner worlds: "I" cherish friendship and give the antelope wood carving to Wanfang; parents cherish the antelope wood carving and educate "I". They forced "me" to get the antelope wood carving back, so a conflict arose. It should be said that parents have shortcomings, and "I" also have shortcomings. If both parties were more considerate, such unpleasant things would not happen. As middle school students, on the one hand, we must learn to think and have our own opinions; but on the other hand, we must discuss things with adults before doing them. It is wrong to be self-righteous and make our own decisions. Of course, we should not be impulsive and run away from home to solve the problem. We must learn to think about problems very rationally. If you learn to communicate in life, let your parents and others understand you, and work hard to understand your parents and others, you can try to avoid conflicts in the text. By extension, if you discuss things more often, you can avoid many conflicts.

Character analysis:

The central thing in this article is the antelope wood carving. Two kinds of characters are written around the antelope wood carvings: one character belongs to the adult world, that is, the characters of the previous generation, including mother, father, grandma, and Wan Fang's mother; the other character belongs to the juvenile world, that is, "I" and Wan Fang.

These two characters each show their inner world through the entanglement of antelope wood carvings. This is the biggest characteristic of the characters presented by the author in this article.

The interpersonal interactions between "I" and Wan Fang in the teenage world. The emotions of these two teenage friends shown in the article are pure, sincere, and selfless. The two have been inseparable since kindergarten. "My" pants were scratched by Shu Quan, so the two of them changed their pants. This typical example vividly shows that Wanfang is "righteous". With the general description of kindergarten and the description of a typical example of "changing pants", it is not surprising that "I" donated Wanfang's antelope. "I" saw that "she particularly liked" the antelope wood carving, so I "handed it to her" without hesitation and said, "We will always be good friends." It can be seen that the two young friends put "friendship" first. Despite this, Wan Fang did not forget to give "me" a "curved little Tibetan knife".

There are four characters written in the adult world. The father and mother stand together, and they are all opposed to "I" giving away the antelope. A series of questions to "I" revealed that her original motive for tracking down the antelope was that she was afraid that the children would be sold, and that she was afraid that the children would learn bad things, so she naturally cared about the children. When the child said it was given to her best friend, the main reason for her objection was that "it is such an expensive thing" and cannot be "given away casually"; Dad, although he didn't say much, the key point was that "something expensive" ” and cannot “make one’s own decisions”. From the attitudes of the parents, we can see that their focus on this matter is: "valuable" and "no permission". "Expensive" means that parents value property; "no permission" means that parents emphasize the dignity of parents. When we understand these two points, we need to make a detailed analysis and cannot oppose them wholesale. Under normal circumstances, it is understandable that adults should educate their children to cherish their property, especially giving expensive gifts, and asking for their permission. The problem is that parents do not understand their children's moods and respect their children's feelings. When educating their children, they need further patient persuasion, starting from reason and emotion, and communicating with their children's hearts. Instead, they use simple and rude methods of feudal paternalism. This puts him on the opposite side of the child, creating a sharp conflict. Wanfang's mother also falls into this category, even worse than "my" parents. Not only did she use a commanding tone, but she also resorted to corporal punishment, which was completely unreasonable.

Out of love for the child, the grandma adopted a conciliatory attitude towards recovering the antelope, which shows that the grandma understands the child's psychology better and is more reasonable. Perhaps Grandma’s attitude towards such precious wood carvings is more objective due to the further distance. From here, this article writes about the subtle relationship between the two generations of grandmother and parents, revealing that children's friendship is rooted and echoes in the adult world. 3. Classical Chinese Reading (19 points) Question J0 Read the following classical Chinese text and complete questions 4-7

4. Knowledge Points This question tests the ability to understand the meaning of common classical Chinese content words in the text. The ability level is B level (understanding).

Answers and analysis Answer: B Analysis: Traffic: secret collusion. To infer the content words of classical Chinese, you can use the contextual word analysis method.

The words are inseparable from the sentence, and the sentence is inseparable from the article. The multiple meanings of a word can only be filtered in context. Without context, sometimes it is impossible to analyze the meaning of a word.

To infer the meaning of a word, you need to combine the language environment of the sentence itself, and sometimes you even need to look at the language environment of the entire text or the entire article. In addition, the focus of classical Chinese content lies in the daily accumulation and memory of classification. The above methods can only be tried by students when their memory is not strong and they are not sure.

5. Knowledge points This question tests the candidate’s ability to read classical Chinese and segment sentences. The ability level is E level (application). Answer and analysis answer: A Analysis: The accurate punctuation mark is: "Gaozong insulted his ministers with his righteousness and spoke rudely, so he moved to the left of Laizhou Sihu to join the army.

His rank was full, his family was in Changle, and he gathered disciples Professor. After his mother died, he stopped working as an official."

The following steps should be followed to identify and break up sentences: First, read through the passage to grasp the main idea and theme of the passage; second, find out the main idea and theme of the passage. Iconic words such as nouns, verbs, function words at the beginning and end of the sentence, words with special usage, etc.; the third step is to gradually segment the sentences first easily and then the difficult ones (first segment the confident parts and then the uncertain parts); the fourth step, Read the full text for detailed verification. After segmenting the paragraph, read it through again and use grammatical analysis or sense of language to check whether the segmentation is correct and reasonable according to the basic requirements of sentence segmentation in classical Chinese and combined with the meaning of the passage.

6 Knowledge Points This question mainly tests the candidate’s ability to analyze and summarize text content. The ability level is D level. Answer and analysis Answer: D Analysis: The "Qi" in the original text "Yifang used Yifu's treacherous beetles to harm the government, so he asked Jiajia to ask his mother" refers to Wang Yifang, not Li Yifu.

The following words "Mother said" can prove it. The ideas are examined in the form of multiple-choice questions. The options are in the order of the original text, and the content is analyzed and summarized in turn. The wrong setting of one of the wrong items is concealed and confusing. It is often set on the premise that it is generally correct and is related to the time, date and time of the original text. Content and words that do not match the places, people and events.

Be careful when doing the questions and compare them carefully.

7. Knowledge points: This question tests the ability to understand and translate sentences in the text. The ability level is B-level answers and analytical answers: (1) Claimed that his father is the magistrate of Yingshang County. He heard that he was seriously ill and wanted to go to visit him on the road, but he walked I can't move forward while walking, and I can't come up with good ideas.

(2) In the past, Wang Ling’s mother committed suicide to fulfill her son’s righteousness. You can be loyal and establish your reputation, which is exactly what I hope. Even if you die, you will not regret it. Analysis: (1) Key points: "Wei" is yes, "Du" is serious, and "Beidao" is both, each gets 1 point, and the meaning of the sentence gets 2 points.

(2) Key points: "Fu Jian" means suicide; "You can be loyal and make a name for yourself, that is my wish" judgment sentence, "hate" means regret; each gets 1 point, and the meaning of the sentence gets 2 point. Instructions for Thoughts In classical Chinese translation for the College Entrance Examination, literal translation is required as the mainstay, with free translation only as a supplement.

Therefore, unless you have a good reason, you must pay attention to the implementation of every word. Special nouns such as names of places, names, official positions, etc. must be copied, and omissions must be added. Parts of speech must be used accurately, and special sentence patterns must be adjusted.

In particular, you must be aware of scoring points, learn to grasp key words, write neatly, make sentences fluently, and avoid typos. Reference translation Wang Yifang was from Lianshui, Sizhou (now Lianshui County, Jiangsu Province). He lost his father when he was young. His family was very poor and he served his mother very respectfully.

He is well-read in poetry and books, and has an upright character. He went to the capital to take the Ming Jing examination. On the way, he met a man who was tired from walking and said to Wang Yifang: "My father is an official in a far away place. He is seriously ill and wants to visit him. I was too tired to go on foot.

Wang Yifang felt sorry for him, untied his horse and gave it to him, and left without telling his name, so his reputation shocked him at that time. Reluctant to visit, Wei Zheng thought he was different from ordinary people and wanted to marry his wife's niece to him, but he politely declined.

Soon after Wei Zheng passed away, Wang Yifang took the initiative to marry Mrs. Wei Zheng's niece. Others asked Wang Yifang why he did this. Wang Yifang said: "I didn't do this first because I was not attached to the powerful. Now I do this to repay the Prime Minister for his kindness.

" Wang Yifang has always been friendly with Zhang Liang, the Minister of Punishment. Zhang Liang committed a crime, and Wang Yifang was implicated and was demoted to Ji'an County as county magistrate. Ji'an is located among barbarians, and the people are stubborn and untamed.

Wang Yifang recruited local leaders and gradually selected some student disciples to teach them scriptures, hold rituals to worship the sages and teachers, and teach the skills of Qingge Piccolo Ensemble. They were all very happy. Soon, Wang Yifang was transferred to the county magistrate of Huanshui County (now Wei County, Hebei Province). At that time, Zhang Liang's nephew called Zhang Jiao back from Yazhou and took refuge with Wang Yifang.

When Zhang Jiao was about to die, he entrusted his wife and children with the hope that the body could be transported back to his hometown for burial. Wang Yifang agreed. Because Zhang Jiao's wife was young, Wang Yifang asked his servants to carry the coffin. He got off the horse and asked Zhang Jiao's wife to ride on it, while he followed on foot.

After burying Zhang Jiao in Yuanwu, he sent his wife and children home, and paid homage to Zhang Liang before leaving. In the first year of Xianqing, Wang Yifang was promoted to Shi Yushi.

At that time, Li Yifu, the minister of Zhongshu, was in charge of the government. There was a beautiful woman named Chunyu who was imprisoned in Dali Temple for being convicted. Li Yifu was very happy and entrusted the Prime Minister of Dali Temple, Bi Zhengyi, to break the law and get her out of prison. . Emperor Gaozong ordered Liu Rengui and Censor Zhang Lun to retry Chunyu's case, and Bi Zhengyi hanged himself.

Wang Yifang believed that Li Yifu had committed evil acts and harmed the government, and was about to impeach Li Yifang, so he asked his mother about this matter. The mother said: "In the past, Wang Ling's mother committed suicide with a sword to achieve her son's righteousness. You can be loyal and achieve a good reputation. This is my wish. I will not regret it even if I die!" Yifang then reported to the emperor and said: "The emperor set Officials and ministers, if you want water and fire to help each other, and ministers and ministers to help each other, you can't think what is right or what is wrong alone.

Now your Majesty comforts and controls the people of the world, ethnic minorities and remote areas, and commits crimes. You can't escape punishment, let alone the treacherous ministers around the emperor who wantonly commit murder and silence. The power of life and death is not issued by the monarch, but is handed down to the treacherous ministers. If you step on frost, you have to think of hard ice. You can't make up for it too much. .