"Thinking carefully" means asking questions about what you don't know and questioning what you have learned. After asking questions, you should carefully examine and analyze them through your own ideological activities, otherwise what you have learned will not be used for yourself, but for "careful thinking."
The more you argue, the clearer it becomes. If you don't argue, the so-called "erudition" will be mixed, and it is difficult to distinguish between true and false.