Analysis of test questions: This question mainly examines students' ability to solve problems by using what they have learned. The spiritual essence of ancient Greek philosophers is

Humanism, that is, taking people as the core, holds that people are the center of the universe, and people's feelings are the main signs to measure the quality of everything in the world. The answer is D, A is the core idea of the Enlightenment, and B and C are the concrete manifestations of humanism rather than its essence.

Comments: Western humanism has different characteristics in different development periods, but its similarity has never changed, that is, people-oriented, highly affirming people's value and necessity of existence. Ancient Greek philosophers denied the absolute authority of God, affirmed the value of man and liberated man from the bondage of religious theology. Paying attention to human nature and advocating knowledge have opened the source of humanistic spirit and become the source of western humanistic spirit.