Soil and fertilizer suitable for tomato growth: tomato is suitable for soil with rich organic matter, deep soil layer, strong decomposition ability and good drainage, and eggplant and crops have not been planted for three years.
Tomatoes get sick easily. Tomato will suffer from 10 diseases during its growth, among which gray mold, Fusarium wilt and virus disease are the main diseases.
Tomato and Cucurbitaceae: Cucurbitaceae plants and diseases 10, which are the same as or similar to tomato diseases. For example, gray bacteria can infect each other with the same pathogen. Both crops have wounds. Moreover, the growth of tomatoes needs ventilation, and shelves such as gourds and some cucumbers should be put higher than tomatoes. (william shakespeare's "Hamlet" tomato famous saying) Some transplanters have thick vines like zucchini. Tomatoes cannot be planted with cucurbitaceae, because it will seriously affect the lighting and ventilation of tomatoes. In addition, the temperature, humidity, water demand and ventilation conditions of tomatoes and gourds used for domestic demand in plastic greenhouses are also different.
Tomato and Leguminosae: Leguminosae has 10 diseases, which are the same as or similar to tomato diseases (such as gray mold, Fusarium wilt, etc.). Planting tomatoes and legumes will not only cause cross-infection of diseases, but also reduce production because of each other's shadow.
Tomatoes and Cruciferae and Green Leaves: Cruciferae and Green Leaves are relatively few diseases, while tomatoes and other diseases are less, which have been controlled. In reducing diseases, tomatoes should be planted with cruciferous green leafy vegetables. But in terms of ventilation and lighting, it is not good to plant crops with high plants. Choose small vegetables such as cabbage and rape. This vegetable has short growth organs and few pests and diseases, which is almost equivalent to the suitable temperature and humidity of tomatoes. Vegetables that go well with tomatoes.
Of course, from the perspective of disease prevention, onion and garlic are suitable for tomato planting, but because of the different planting time and suitable growth temperature, especially the difference between watering and tomato, onion and garlic are not suitable for tomato planting.
Selected varieties: The selected seeds have low temperature, light tolerance, high humidity adaptability, weak branching and disease resistance, especially varieties with strong resistance to leaf mold, gray mold, early blight and late blight, which are early mature, high yield and high quality. Select seeds and plant mothers of appropriate age for transplantation.
After harvesting the previous stubble, spray about 200 kilometers of quicklime per mu, and then plough with soil, so that the green orange disease loses its acidic environment for breeding. After the soil is fertilized, decomposed farm manure, decomposed bean cake fertilizer and nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium compound fertilizer are added. Adopt the method of fully combining fertilizer with soil. Immediately after soil tillage and fertilization, the land will be cleared and widened to 1 m. When planting, it is officially eaten according to the stump spacing of 2550 cm. After dinner, sprinkle cabbage or rape seeds on the tomato line and water them in time.
Fertilizer and water: after dinner, irrigate the roots in time, slow down the seedlings, irrigate the seedlings with small water, improve the seedlings, and prevent the cabbage from being buried. During the flowering and fruiting period, the crops planted in this period are basically harvested and watered and fertilized according to the growth situation. When the first batch of fruits reach 3 cm in diameter, fertilization and watering should be started one after another, and the number of fertilization and watering should be gradually increased during the fruiting period to avoid flooding. After the fruiting period, the ability of root system to absorb fertilizer weakened. In order to prolong the harvest period, it is necessary to spray organic nutrient solution fertilizer. Pay attention to watering in the morning, strengthen ventilation after water injection, and keep the soil moist at high temperature in the later period.
Plant management: delay seedlings, enter the vigorous growth period, and transplant seedlings in time. When planting, try to avoid traps and plant crops. The horizontal bar pruning method should be adopted for pruning, leaving only the main peak and removing all the side branches. In order to pick buds, when the lateral buds are 6 10 km long, they should be picked at noon on sunny days, and the first ear and the aged and diseased leaves under the fruit should be picked in time.