With the theme of World Ocean Day, the content of the manuscript is about marine protection:
Marine protection refers to marine environmental protection, including marine resources protection and marine ecosystem protection.
Marine biological environment is a complex system including seawater, dissolved and suspended substances in seawater, seabed sediments and marine life. The rich biological resources, mineral resources, chemical resources and power resources in the ocean are an indispensable treasure house of human resources, which is closely related to human survival and development.
At present, the main goal of marine protection is to protect marine living resources, so that they will not be exhausted for human sustainable use. In particular, priority should be given to the protection of those precious and endangered marine life. According to the investigation of the relevant departments of the United Nations, at least 25 most valuable fishing grounds in the world have been exhausted due to overfishing, accidental capture of marine life that is not allowed to be killed, coastal beach construction, deforestation and widespread marine environmental pollution, and many marine animals such as whales, turtles and manatees are in danger of extinction. It is predicted that with the expansion of the scale of marine development, it may cause greater damage to marine living resources.
The task of marine protection should first stop the excessive utilization of marine living resources, and then protect the habitats or habitats of marine living things, especially the coasts, beaches, estuaries and coral reefs where they migrate, spawn and feed, and prevent heavy metals, pesticides, oil, organic substances and nutrients that are prone to eutrophication from polluting the ocean. Maintain the regeneration ability of marine biological resources and the natural purification ability of seawater, maintain the marine ecological balance and ensure the sustainable development and utilization of the ocean by human beings.
How to protect the ocean:
1. Strengthen legislation and marine protection education.
Formulate and improve technical standards and laws and regulations for monitoring, investigation, protection and management of marine ecological environment to ensure that marine governance is reasonable and law-abiding. At the same time, strengthen publicity and education to raise public awareness of marine resources protection.
2. Sewage discharge control
The discharge of domestic sewage and industrial wastewater will bring a lot of bacteria and toxic substances to the ocean, leading to eutrophication of seawater. In order to improve the marine environment, we must pay attention to the emission problem.
3. Overexploitation of the oceans is prohibited.
Overexploitation, such as land reclamation and energy exploitation, will destroy the habitat of living things and make them face the threat of extinction. Indiscriminate hunting and indiscriminate killing will also lead to a sharp decline in the number of species.
4. Development of marine science and technology
Strengthen scientific research on biodiversity protection and marine environmental pollution control, and provide technical support for marine biological protection.
5. Protect the global ecological environment.
Excessive emission of greenhouse gas carbon dioxide will form carbonic acid after dissolving in seawater, which will reduce the pH value of seawater and cause ocean acidification. According to the Science and Technology Daily, ocean acidification will affect the normal growth of calcified organisms such as corals and shellfish, "corrode" their calcium carbonate shells, and even have a fatal impact on them, thus destroying the entire food chain and bringing great challenges to the survival of marine organisms.
About the theme of World Ocean Day, the content of handwritten newspaper II and the origin of World Ocean Day;
111/On February 5th, 2008, the 63rd session of the United Nations General Assembly adopted the decision that from 2009, June 8th every year will be World Ocean Day. As early as 1992, Canada put forward this proposal at the United Nations Conference on Environment and Development in Rio de Janeiro. On this day every year, some countries hold unofficial commemorative activities related to the protection of the marine environment. But it was not until 2009 that the United Nations officially established it as an official memorial day.
2009 is the first officially designated World Ocean Day by the United Nations. The United Nations hopes that all countries in the world can take this opportunity to pay attention to the ocean on which human beings depend, appreciate the rich value contained in the ocean itself, and examine the adverse effects of global pollution and excessive consumption of fish resources on the marine environment and marine life. Now, the theme of World Ocean Day is "Our Ocean, Our Responsibility".
Many marine countries and regions in the world have their own marine days. For example, the EU's Ocean Day is May 20th, and Japan has designated the third week of July as "Ocean Day".
World Ocean Day theme: content 3: marine oil and gas resources;
The world ocean is rich in oil and gas resources, accounting for about 34% of the global total. Like onshore oil and gas resources, the distribution of marine oil and gas in the world is extremely uneven. Among the four oceans and dozens of offshore waters, the Persian Gulf is the most abundant in oil and natural gas, accounting for about half of the total reserves; The second place is Lake Maracaibo in Venezuela; The third place is Beihai; The fourth place is the Gulf of Mexico; Followed by Asia-Pacific, West Africa and other sea areas.
At present, 58 1 oil fields have been discovered in the world's oceans. Among them, there are 25 in Europe and Mediterranean, 65,438+065,438+00 in Beihai, 20 in Italy and North Asia, 65,438+07 in Black Sea and Caspian Sea, 43 in South America, 27 in Africa, 85 in West Africa, 60 in Persian Gulf, 2 in Indian subcontinent, 23 in Far East and 65,438 in India and Malaysia. There are 65,438+02 continental shelves in the northwest of Australia, 65,438+09 Rand basins in the south of Ghips, 44 offshore areas in the North Sea and 65,438+06 Gulf of Mexico in the United States.
MacKay Consulting believes that offshore oil and gas resources in the Asia-Pacific region will become the engine of global offshore oil and gas industry development. The Asia-Pacific region will become the third strategic region of the global offshore oil and gas industry after the North Sea and the Gulf of Mexico. By 2008, the offshore oil and gas production in the Asia-Pacific region will account for 17% and 25% of the world's total offshore oil and gas respectively, which are 84% and16% higher than that in 2002. The offshore oil and gas industry in the Asia-Pacific region is expected to grow fastest among the eight regions in the world. It is estimated that by 2008, the total offshore oil and gas investment in the Asia-Pacific region will increase by 65% compared with 2002, reaching $29.9 billion, accounting for 19.5% of the total global offshore oil and gas investment. From 2002 to 2008, the countries with the fastest growth in offshore oil and gas investment in the Asia-Pacific region were China, Russian Federation, Indonesia, India, Australia and Malaysia. In 2008, Malaysia's offshore oil and gas investment is expected to account for 65,438+08.5% of the Asia-Pacific region, ranking first.
China has great potential for oil and gas resources in the South China Sea. According to the data provided by the proposal of China Hainan Provincial Political Consultative Conference, up to now, the developed sea area of the South China Sea is only 65,438+600,000 km? And the oil reserves have been found to be 5.52 billion t, and the natural gas reserves are 12 trillion m? . According to preliminary estimation, the petroleum geological reserves of the whole South China Sea are about 23-30 billion t, accounting for about one-third of China's total resources, and it is one of the major offshore oil and gas accumulation centers in the world.
On the theme of World Ocean Day, hand-written newspaper IV. The purpose of World Ocean Day:
United Nations Secretary-General Ban Ki-moon called on all countries in the world to further understand the ability of the oceans to regulate the global climate, take practical measures to protect the marine environment, maintain a healthy marine ecosystem and ensure the safety of international shipping. Human activities are making the world's oceans pay a terrible price. Over-exploitation, illegal, unauthorized and unregulated fishing activities, destructive fishing methods, alien invasive species and marine pollution, especially from land, are destroying some fragile marine ecosystems and important fishing grounds such as corals. Ocean acidification caused by rising ocean temperature, rising sea level and climate change further threatens marine life, coastal and island communities and national economy. With the support of the United Nations, the international community has adopted a series of international legal documents to protect the marine environment, the core of which is the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea adopted by 1982. The Convention provides a legal framework for all human activities on the ocean and a basis for all countries to carry out various international cooperation.