A common misunderstanding is that the ancients did not make mistakes when writing about ancient events. In fact, ancient people often made mistakes when writing books. You know, the ancients are also divided into ancients. People from the Tang Dynasty write about the Han people, people from the Song Dynasty write about the Tang people, and people from the Ming and Qing Dynasties write about the people from the Song Dynasty. From our perspective, they are all ancients, but they are hundreds of years apart. Mistakes like "I am Xiaozhuang" are endless in the book. What's more, there were neither search engines nor scientific research that combined archeology and literature at that time, and not many people had the opportunity to receive education. Most people were still illiterate, so making mistakes was completely normal.
The questioner said that fan fiction like Fengshen does not count. My understanding is that it is probably because it is a novel about gods and demons and has nothing to do with real history, so there are no real historical bugs. However, even by this standard, there are still many things to say about the deity "I am Xiaozhuang". If nothing else, just the title of "Li Jing, the commander-in-chief of Chentangguan" is enough to make me happy for several days.
Also, in the first chapter of the opening chapter, King Zhou wrote a poem with seven rhymes in the Nuwa Temple: "The scenery of Feng Luan Bao's tent is very special, full of gold and gold. Flying across the distant mountains. The green color; the dancing sleeves reflect the clouds; the pear blossoms are beautiful in the rain; the smoke in the peony cage is charming, but if you can move, you can take back the seven laws of the Shang Dynasty. Are you afraid?
In fact, Xu Zhonglin (let’s assume he is the author) is quite knowledgeable. "The Romance of the Gods" also has a predecessor called "The King of Wu Defeats Zhou Pinghua", which was created by folk artists, and it is full of bugs. For example, in the middle volume, before Jiang Ziya defected to Xiqi, he did a fortune-telling for himself: "Jiang Shang looked to the west, asked the Lord, and told him where the king was. He saw purple energy in the Cancer Palace, descending to the land of Western Qin."
China had the concept of twelve constellations as early as the Sui Dynasty, and there were divisions and matching. Cancer corresponds to the Shaanxi area, so it is called Qin. This is no problem—but King Wu hasn’t conquered Zhou yet! Where the hell are you from Western Qin! ! !
This kind of mistake is also made in "The Romance of the Three Kingdoms". For example, if Hulao Pass and Sishui Pass are regarded as two passes, Guan Yu can go north from Xudu and go through five passes and kill six generals to reach Luoyang in the northwest. In the second episode, Liu Bei defeated the Yellow Turbans and was awarded the title of Lieutenant of Anxi County, Zhongshan Prefecture, Dingzhou.
This line of writing is amazing. Dingzhou was called Lunu in the Han Dynasty and was the seat of the Zhongshan Kingdom. Later, it was renamed Zhongshan and Anzhou in successive dynasties, and it was not until Tuobagui that it was called Dingzhou for the first time. When Huizong arrived, Dingzhou was renamed Zhongshan Prefecture. In other words, Dingzhou Zhongshan Mansion is originally a place. Liu Xuande is worthy of being a clan member of the Han Dynasty. A county captain can hold the title of three dynasties.
Luo Guanzhong has made too many similar mistakes. And there is a particularly famous mistake, which fits the requirements of the topic and is the author's own mistake.
This is a direct quote from the original text of "Three Kingdoms". "Sun Tui Ni Zhuan": "(Yuan) Shu died, the chief historian Yang Hong, the general Zhang Xun and others". But maybe Luo Guanzhong wrote it too late that day, the light was dim, he missed one word "hong", and there was no punctuation mark in ancient times, so he gave the innocent Yang Hong to "general".
Also in Chapter 120, "(Wang) Jun laughed, so he built a large raft dozens of square meters, and tied grass on it to make people...". This is a sentence copied from the "Book of Jin": "It is necessary to build a large raft of dozens of people, which is more than a hundred steps wide." Lao Luo misinterpreted the sentence and used "square" as a quantifier.
Every time Soochow is mentioned in "The Romance of the Three Kingdoms", there is a fixed sentence pattern to introduce the territorial scope: "Six counties and eighty-one states in Jiangdong". For example, Zhang Song said: "Soochow has six counties and eighty-one prefectures. The people are strong and the country is rich. How can we not be satisfied?"
The six counties of Jiangdong can be counted, but there are eighty-one prefectures. It's just nonsense. In the Han Dynasty, prefectures were larger than prefectures, but here they have been completely reversed. How can you find eighty-one prefectures? How big is the whole of Asia? But Lao Luo is not to blame for this. Because the Three Kingdoms dialect was originally formed in the Song Dynasty, the administrative levels and jurisdictional areas of the "states" at that time were much smaller than those of the Han Dynasty. To the common people at that time, "six counties and eighty-one states" sounded normal, and storytellers had no choice but to say so.
Later, it was passed down and became an idiom, which has been passed down to this day.
Next, let’s take a closer look at the question. Are there any errors of the same nature as “I am Xiaozhuang” in ancient books?
Yes!
The famous Yuan opera master Sui Jingchen wrote "The Return of the Great Ancestor", which tells the story of Liu Bangrong's return to his hometown, and a local villager recognized him as the former rogue Liu San. The entire suite is written in an extremely humorous way, and the last few sentences are as follows: The money I owe will be repaid internally, and the millet taxes and grain owed to me will be exempted from the tax. Whoever knows Liu San is willing to catch you, why would you change your surname, change your name, and call yourself Emperor Gaozu of the Han Dynasty? ”
In fact, after Liu Bang’s death, the temple was named Taizu and the posthumous title was Emperor Gao. It was not until Sima Qian that the two were merged and called Gaozu. So when Liu Bang returned to his hometown, the It is absolutely impossible for the villagers to know that Liu San changed his surname to Han Gaozu - of course, with Sui Jingchen's knowledge, he should know the usage of Han Gaozu, but the common people in the Yuan Dynasty knew Han Gaozu. For the sake of rhyme and convenience for the audience, Leaving such a bug does not detract from the exquisiteness of this work.
Similar bugs have also been committed in "Journey to the West". In the ninth chapter, the Dragon King of Jinghe broke the rules of heaven and begged Yuan Shoucheng. Help. Shoucheng said: "I can't save you, I just show you a way to be reincarnated." "Long said: "I would like to ask for advice. The gentleman said, "You should go to Cao Guan Wei Zheng's place at three o'clock tomorrow to listen to his execution." If you want your life, you must immediately sue the current Emperor Taizong of the Tang Dynasty to ensure your safety. "
Well, it is only the thirteenth year of Zhenguan, Yuan Shoucheng, you have already calculated Li Shimin's temple name. Not only did you calculate it, but you also dared to shout about it. If we really pursue it, I'm afraid you will die. Faster than the Dragon King of Jinghe.
As expected, the Dragon King of Jinghe went to seek medical help. Li Shimin deliberately asked Wei Zheng to play chess, but Wei Zheng dreamed of killing the Dragon King and came to claim his life. "Taizong became more and more frightened. While I was sleeping, I saw the Jinghe Dragon King again, holding a bloody head in his hand, shouting: "Tang Taizong, give me my life, give me my life."
The Jinghe Dragon King is really So honest...
Of course, the author can deduce that the posthumous temple is ahead of its time as a novel creation, and there is no need to delve into it further. But there was once a serious occasion that was not a literary creation, and the big bug "I am Xiaozhuang" actually appeared.
In the first year of Jingchu, Cao Rui wanted to adjust the ancestral temple sacrificial system in May. As a result, the relevant departments submitted a suggestion: "Emperor Wu set things right, and he was the Taizu of Wei, and he was happy to use Wu Shi's dance. Emperor Wen was ordered by heaven, and he was Gaozu of Wei, and he was happy to use Xianxi's dance. The emperor created the rule, and he was Wei Liezu."
The first few sentences are quite similar, Emperor Wu of Cao Cao, Emperor Taizu, Emperor Wen of Cao Pi Gaozu (note, not Taizong, nor Shizu), but then it doesn’t quite make sense - what is your temple name, Your Majesty? , it is better to call him Wei Liezu.
The other emperors would have been pushed out and beheaded long ago. I'm not dead yet! What kind of mourning are you howling? But Cao Rui happily accepted it for some reason. In other words, this temple name was originally given by him on his own instructions.
This is very strange. It was the first year of Jingchu, and Cao Rui's health should have been fine. It was not until the end of the next year that his health deteriorated sharply. Why is he so anxious to decide on the temple name? Is it because I have a premonition that I won't live for a few years, and I need to finalize my temple name before I can be at ease?
The exact reason cannot be speculated at this time. At least Sun Sheng was dismissive of this, mockingly saying, "We have rebelled against our ancestors before it was over, and Yu's self-respect has shown itself before it is over. In the past, Hua Le used to be generous and restrained to ridicule, and Zhou people used Yu's bad luck to violate etiquette, and Wei's group of officials, so... "
So Cao Rui became a rare emperor in history who was qualified to say "I am Xiaozhuang" and "I am the great ancestor" with his thumb raised.
Let me tell you a little bit of gossip at the end. It’s a little off topic, but it’s not too far off topic. Decades later, if someone asks the same question, this example will be useful.
There is an old contemporary writer who wrote a book called "Cao Cao and Emperor Xian". The introduction is as follows: It is first a political novel and a military novel, full of descriptions of the wisdom and tactics of political and military struggles. The way of employing people, the principles of governance, and the games in the palace and on the battlefield are all climaxes one after another, which is amazing.
On the other hand, the author also boldly weaves a main line of love and fictionalizes a confidante. This is a cliché, but it is written in an extraordinary, grand and touching way.
The interview excerpts about this book are as follows:
Reporter: You published "Cao Cao and Emperor Xian" this year. Compared with your previous works, "Cao Cao and Emperor Xian" is surprising. It’s refreshing. How did you prepare for such a historical novel?
Author: I have always had a strong interest in Chinese history and traditional culture, and have done a lot of reading and research. It was this kind of reading and research that seemed to have nothing to do with literature that prepared the writing for "Cao Cao and Emperor Xian". On the other hand, as a writer, I have always had literary aspirations. Novels are my main occupation. There are so many stories in Chinese history and there are many themes to choose from. When I decided to write "Cao Cao and Emperor Xian", my past accumulation came into play. I am very fortunate that my research on history and traditional culture can be incorporated into the work in such a way.