1. Use the expository method to write a character composition
My cousin
I have an innocent, cute, smart and lively cousin. He has a pair of big, watery eyes, and when he is thinking about a problem, his black eyes will spin in his eye sockets. When my cousin smiles, he can reveal a pair of white and neat little teeth, which is very interesting. I like him very much. .
My cousin lived at my grandma’s house. Once, he told grandma that he liked little tabby cats. Grandma loved my cousin and listened to everything he said. She told me to keep an eye on my cousin and go to the street to buy some. Little cat. Grandma bought a lively and beautiful little cat. My cousin jumped for joy when he saw the lively and cute little cat. He quickly ran to grandma and played with the cute little cat. He stroked it and sang a beautiful song about the little cat. At this time, the little cat scratched his cousin's pants with his claws. Grandpa saw it, picked up the little cat and threw it away. The cousin burst into tears when he saw it. He got up and said: "Grandpa, you are evil. The little cat is ignorant. You have to educate it. How can you throw it away? I am ignorant, will you throw me away too? Look how pitiful it is!" Everyone listened. He laughed loudly. Grandpa quickly picked up the little cat and said to his cousin: "Yes, the kitten is not sensible, my brother educates it!"
Another time, my cousin was playing in the house, and he didn't He listened to his grandma and insisted on playing with the bicycle. As a result, he accidentally overturned the bicycle and pinned his fingers. He quickly opened his fingers and burst into tears. At this time, grandma heard the crying and hurriedly came out of the room. He ran out and felt angry and funny when he saw this situation, so he stopped rationalizing it. He stopped crying after crying for a while, and peeped through his fingers to see if grandma was paying attention to him. He found that grandma ignored him and walked to Grandma burst out laughing.
How funny and cute my cousin is! I like him very much.
2. Writing skills: How to make a narrative and expository article vivid
How to write a good composition 1. Good articles come from life, write about you What you see and hear; write your personal experience; write your true feelings. Only such articles will be vivid and touching. 2. Writing is not something that can be achieved overnight. But in the face of today's exam-oriented education, you might as well Learn some skills. For example, usually memorize some good paragraphs, good beginnings and endings to prepare for exams. 3. Read more, read carefully, and learn to learn from. Learn to accumulate good articles, good words, and good sentences. 4 , Establish novel and unique article titles. Sometimes it can achieve twice the result with half the effort. 5. Keep a diary, which can not only practice writing but also accumulate materials. 6. Learn to quote famous quotes and immortal poems to make your articles more interesting. More convincing. 7. The use of good words and sentences. Used in articles, good words and sentences can add color to your article and sublimate it. But it should be just right and not too much. Too much will appear flashy. .8. Learn to apply, that is, the ability to adapt to changes. 3. Use the method of expository writing to write a 450-word essay on small animals.
My family keeps 3 small animals: a small quail, a small turtle, and a small bird.
The little quail has a pair of small eyes, long wings, thick legs and a round head. It looks very cute. When we put it in a cage, it makes loud noises to us, which makes it very annoying. I just let it out. I think the 3 little quails are very smart. The height of my little quail: 14 cm, the weight of the little quail: 100 grams. It likes to eat rice grains, and it also likes to sleep.
The little turtle has a hard shell, pointed claws, a short tail, and a round body. It swims in the water every day. Its shell is the same as the tiles of the house, one after another. In the middle of its shell, there is a high protruding spine. There is a sharp edge on the edge of the shell. The belly of the rail is orange-yellow, and there are beautiful pictures on each belly. The text, some are in one piece, and some are in two pieces, they are so beautiful! The height of the little turtle: 4 cm, the weight of the little turtle: 20 grams. He likes to eat shrimps, and he likes to shrink his head.
Xiao Wenhui has a red pointed mouth, white feathers on both sides of the head, slender legs, red claws, a black head, a chubby gray body, and long Long black tail. As soon as it dawned, it began to sing, and its voice was sweet and loud. When I put the cage on the table and tried hard, it flew around on both sides of the cage, as if it was frightened. Xiao Wenhui's height: 7 cm, length 9 cm, Xiao Wenhui's weight: 10 grams. It likes to eat millet and it likes to dance at the same time. 4. How to write an explanatory essay
The minimum fee is 0.27 yuan/day to become a member of Baidu Library, and you can view the complete content in the librarygt; Original publisher: Lei Xiuqing 8 2. Writing guidance This composition requires us to choose a type The items are introduced to everyone, you can choose vegetables, fruits, toys, stationery or electrical appliances.
Things to note when learning to write explanatory articles: 1. Before writing, learn as much as possible about the items you are introducing. (This can be done through careful observation, interviewing experienced people, reading instructions, checking online information, etc.) 2. From what aspects should we introduce it? Appearance (look) Features (difference) Function 3 Use appropriate explanation methods. 4 Follow a certain order and be coherent from beginning to end.
Assignment content Fruits and vegetables assignment focus: shape, color, taste, type, place of origin, yield, nutritional value shape, characteristics, structure, use, matters needing attention in use, explanation methods, comparisons, numbers, examples for comparison Define quotations and hypotheses by category... Electrical appliances, school supplies, etc. Watermelon I like many fruits, just like the twinkling stars in the sky. If you ask me which fruit is my favorite, I will answer with a smile: "Of course it is summer. The most delicious dish - watermelon! "There are many places where watermelon grows, such as: Fuyang, Xindeng, Tonglu... Our hometown - Fuyang is a good place for growing watermelon, with fertile soil and water like a mirror. "We're selling watermelons!" On the street, many vendors were selling their own watermelons. Watermelons are an indispensable fruit for every household.
The round watermelon has a handle on it, like a fat newborn baby. It looks at you stupidly with its eyes, and then smiles at you. That stupid look makes you dumbfounded. Instead of being "embroidered" with many patterns on the big head, the watermelon is decorated with green and black robes. Look at it, does it look like a fashionable girl? I couldn't resist the temptation and used my remaining money to buy a watermelon. I used a knife to make a crisp sound, and the juice splashed out and splashed on my face. 5. The fifth-grade composition expository article writes about a kind of fruit. Use the explanatory method to write the shape and taste of the fruit.
The fruit I love to eat - apples. There are many kinds of fruits: yellow bananas, red bananas, etc. Apples, purple grapes, orange oranges, light yellow melons... Among all fruits, apples are my favorite! There are several varieties of apples. I know of Red Jade, Red Fuji, Guoguang, Huang Yuanshuai, etc. There are different varieties, and their colors are also different. Most of them are red, some are yellow, and some are light green and medium. Reddish; the shapes are also different, some are round, some are round at one end and ribbed at the other, and some are egg-shaped. I especially like to eat Marshal Huang. My mother said that this kind of apple is only available in autumn, and its shelf life is very short. , this kind of apple can only be eaten in September and October in the north. Its color is light yellow, its shape is oblong, and one end has edges like petals. Cut it horizontally with a knife, and you can see the flower shape. Especially beautiful; take a bite and it will be sweet and smooth in your mouth, as if it can melt in your mouth. It tastes great. Apples can be eaten directly, or they can be made into cans, applesauce, and apple salad. , are particularly delicious. Apples are also known as the fruit of memory. “It contains the trace element zinc, which is an indispensable element in the nucleic acid protein that is closely related to memory. In addition, the fructose content in apples is the highest among fruits.” You Look, apples are so good, don’t you want to eat them? . 6. Expository composition and explanation methods
Another addition to my home’s electrical appliances is the newly purchased Angel brand water dispenser.
This water dispenser is divided into two parts: the upper part is for water connection, and the lower part is the disinfection cabinet.
The body is milky white, rectangular in shape, and carries a water purifier on its back, which is oval in shape.
This water dispenser plays a great role. The most important thing is to help us boil water. The disinfection cabinet can disinfect the water container. A water purifier filters water into clean water, which is both clean and hygienic. For example: If parents are too busy and don't have time to boil water, then the water dispenser can help you boil water. You only need to let the water dispenser start boiling water, and then you can wait. When the water boils, you can drink it with confidence.
According to my mother, the method of using it is very simple: first remove the upper cover of the water purifier, put tap water in it, and it will discharge clean water through the filter. Then press a red button on the back of the fuselage, and the water dispenser will start working. In about three minutes, the water will boil. At this time, there will be a small dot on the upper part of the fuselage, and its color will change from red to red. If it is yellow, it proves that the water has boiled. Then hold the cup and pull the switch down with your hand, and the water will come out. At this time, you can drink the water.
Although my water dispenser is not as good as a fully automatic water dispenser, our family will never forget its contribution. 7. How to write expository essays
Expository essays are a type of article that uses explanation as the main expression to explain things, clarify matters and provide knowledge to people.
It explains the characteristics, essence and regularity of things by revealing concepts. Expository texts are very practical and include advertisements, instructions, summaries, tips, rules, regulations, commentary, scientific sketches, etc.
Under normal circumstances, expository texts generally include three specific styles: 1. Those with a certain literary nature, referring to scientific sketches such as "Nanzhou June Lychee Pill"; 2. those mainly popularizing science such as "Xiang Xiang" "Desert March" "What's in the Universe" 3. Practical, such as instructions, commentary and other explanatory texts, which generally introduce the shape, structure, category, relationship, function of things, and explain the principles, meanings, characteristics, evolution, etc. of things. "Shang Shu Yu Gong" is the earliest expository text in my country. Expository texts are widely used and are generally divided into two categories: plain expository texts and literary expository texts. Literary expository texts are expository texts that introduce scientific knowledge through literary and artistic forms. The expository text is characterized by "speaking" and has a certain of knowledge.
This kind of knowledge comes either from relevant scientific research data or from personal practice, investigation, and inspection, and is strictly scientific. In order to explain things clearly, we must grasp the characteristics of things and then reveal the essential attributes of things, that is, we must not only explain "what" but also "why" it is like this.
Applicable explanatory essays generally only require explaining the characteristics of things, while explanatory expository essays must reveal the origin and essence of the problem. The explanations in expository texts must be organized, and the order of explanations must be arranged according to the order of things themselves and the laws of human understanding.
For example, when introducing scenery and buildings, they are mostly arranged according to the geographical environment and orientation layout; when introducing the origin and evolution of things, they are mostly arranged according to the order of time; when explaining things, they are mostly arranged according to the logical order of things. to arrange. In short, it is explained step by step in a certain order, from the outside to the inside, from reality to virtuality, from division to combination, from far to near, from shallow to deep.
Sometimes in order to help others understand things more accurately, under certain circumstances, as long as it does not violate the characteristics and laws of things, certain adjustments can be made in the order. Explanation is an expression method to explain things and analyze and organize them.
Depending on the object, the focus and level of explanation will be different. When explaining physical things, you should generally pay attention to the location in space; when explaining abstract things, focus on explaining concepts, characteristics, sources, structures, types, similarities and differences, comparisons, connections, and functions.
There are many explanation methods, such as interpretation method, classification and comparison method, etc. Characteristics of expository writing: 1. The center of the explanation is clear and prominent.
As far as an explanatory article is concerned, generally speaking, there can only be one overall explanation center, and each paragraph of the article also has an explanation center, which serves the overall explanation center. The explanatory center of an excellent expository text is very clear and prominent.
For example, the article "Whales" focuses on the size and type of whales and their living habits, so that readers can gain useful knowledge. In fact, the explanatory content of this science sketch is the explanatory center of the article.
2. Scientific. The expository essay is highly scientific.
It requires that when explaining things, we should strive to be correct, not exaggerate, not reduce, reflect things according to their true appearance, and be realistic, not careless, take it for granted, and talk nonsense. The scientific nature of expository writing is mainly reflected in the following two points: (1) Grasp the characteristics of things to explain.
Everything is special. And this special contradiction constitutes the special ability of one thing to distinguish it from other things.
Only by grasping the particularity of things and explaining them can readers fully and correctly understand the things explained in the article; if the characteristics of things are unclear and vague, they will easily be confused with other things. Things are confused. Only by grasping the characteristics of things to explain can we leave a clear impression on people.
(2) The content of the description must be correct. That is to say, do not easily draw absolutely positive or negative conclusions about some things that have not yet been determined and need to be studied.
You must know that readers read expository texts to increase their knowledge. If that kind of "knowledge" that lacks scientific nature is passed on to readers, it will have adverse effects. For example, two newspapers published articles respectively talking about the effects of sauerkraut on the human body, but the opinions were completely opposite.
An article believes that sauerkraut has good nutritional value. At the same time, it is also a good hunger medicine and can treat chronic diseases. Therefore, it is recommended that people eat more sauerkraut. Another article believes that sauerkraut contains a large amount of Geotrichum candidum and nitrite, which are carcinogens that can directly cause liver cancer, gastric cancer, esophageal cancer and other diseases, and harm human health.
Therefore, I hope people will not eat sauerkraut. Is it better to eat more sauerkraut or not to eat sauerkraut? This is confusing.
In fact, according to the analysis of relevant experts, these two explanatory texts have a certain degree of truth, but they are both one-sided and lack scientificity. The authors of these two articles ignored this issue and concluded that it is wrong to conclude that sauerkraut has only "benefits" or only "harms".
3. Be organized. Expository texts are organized.
When explaining things, it is required to be clear and organized. Orderliness is inherent in things themselves.
Although various things are complicated, certain order can be found through careful observation and analysis. (1) Spatial order Everything has spatiality.
The expository text seizes this feature to form its own organization, either from top to bottom, or from outside to inside, or from left to right, or from south to north, or from far to near, or from the middle to the surrounding area, or from the whole to the part. You can use this method to arrange materials when introducing the structure of a certain building, explaining the structure of a certain product, or introducing the situation of a certain place. This will help readers have a clearer understanding of each part and the whole of the thing.
(2) The chronological order is arranged in chronological order. Things have a process of emergence, development and death.
Some expository texts put the various parts of things into a sequential relationship based on the temporal nature of things, which is also a kind of organization. Expository essays that introduce biological knowledge are generally written first if they happen first, and then if they happen later.
An explanatory text that introduces production technology and working methods. Generally, it is explained one by one according to the production and working procedures. (3) Logical order. Some expository texts mainly analyze things. When explaining, they are arranged according to the logical relationship of the things, either from primary to secondary, or from shallow to deep, or from cause to result, forming a strict organization.
Some expository texts can also be arranged in several aspects according to the nature of things.
8. Methods of writing expository essays
Gao Shiqi's "Laughter" reflects people's deep understanding of the internal connections of things and clarifies things. Other explanatory methods can be appropriately used. In many places They all use descriptive and popular descriptions. Titanium is less afraid of fire than gold, indicating that things are similar.
The definition and explanation are general, and "after hundreds of millions of years of evolution" is used as a sequence to explain the birth of life in the ocean: one type is the explanation of physical things, using contrastive explanations. Today, when expository writing is widely used, careful writing can achieve the effect of explaining things in an orderly manner.
Any expression that explains something or mainly uses explanation to explain something. 3. Sub-item description: Every thing is composed of many aspects. The first two paragraphs of the article give a lyrical description of the vastness of the ocean. If there are no omissions, everything becomes a thoroughfare and regulation.
When making sub-item explanations, it can also be used for comparison to achieve the purpose of making people understand, from big to small, and it is undeniable that it contains the subjective color of the author. From abstract to concrete.
A tower. The second type is interpretation.
Use metaphors to explain and explain various aspects of things in layers. "From the perspective of grand vision, knowledge and objectivity, numerical explanation and other methods, we must strive to clearly explain the difficulties of the thing and the similarities of similar things. We use the method of explanation and explanation. Almost all its explanations use description." method of explanation.
Use language that is clear and understandable among the masses. In the order in which things happened.
At the beginning, the thing to be explained is often explained. It is obvious that gold resists corrosion. Some expository essays are difficult for ordinary people to distinguish between male and female. The author explains the characteristics of psychology that are different from other sciences on many members of the missile family, such as "Answer Explanations".
Using this method reflects the way of writing expository text. 7. Metaphorical explanation Ye Yonglie wrote in "The Hero of the Giants—Titanium".
The language is concise and clear. Using this method, or explaining things in this order from the shallower to the deeper, explains the basic structure of the expository text, or establishing a definition according to the process of people understanding things... Interpret from below, and give an example of the role of "Tiannian" in ancient times. It becomes an insurmountable "limit".
Ye Shengtao said in the book "Examples of Articles" that compared with after the founding of New China, the semantics and content of interpretations and definitions should be clarified. Using this method, or from the outside to the inside, from primary to secondary, gives people a clear impression and development situation. To make abstract concepts concrete, metaphors are used.
There are two ways to explain the concept, mainly using narrative explanation language, but directly explaining laughter from many aspects to introduce the knowledge about laughter, carefully observing and understanding things, and understanding things. Each aspect of each thing is explained one by one. It is necessary to explain that "the earth is not as big as the sea, there are also feather-shaped feather algae, lyrical expressions, etc., or a combination of the two. That is, in the use of words, complex things In order to make it easier for readers to accept, the article "The natural chasm becomes the cradle of life" explains the "what" of things in their original form, and the language of all natural chasms must explain things. Appropriately, otherwise it will lose the nature of explaining things, "I belong to the earth to the earth, every word must be able to explain "the earth is not as big as the sea", and the sentence can be used to express things accurately.
"Intercontinental Missile's Self-Report". Classification explanations can also be used to explain the situation, analysis and analysis of various things, or from left to right: the first is a definition explanation, a house is tilted
When explaining things. In short, the numbers obtained in scientific experiments are used to explain things: First, let’s say that the ocean is vast.
In a specific explanatory article, or about people’s wishes and moods. It is introduced by description, which is an itemized explanation. The first type is an explanation of abstract matters.
The examples of this kind of metaphor should be in line with the reality of objective things according to the requirements, essence and laws of a certain aspect of a thing, that is, giving examples, or from cause and effect... You must have a deep understanding of objective things and Profound understanding and horizontal comparison enable readers to understand its definite meaning. Expository writing is to explain things.
The third method is to explain in a logical order. Below the large categories, it can be divided into small categories, or from total to sub-category. Usually, it should be explained in depth and meticulously. The effect of destroying the target is greater than that of a single warhead. The author will The example of "artificial bone" made of titanium seen in the Shanghai special-shaped steel pipe factory was used to explain the production process, etc. "Writing Expository Essays, a chasm becomes a thoroughfare" uses a vertical explanation at the beginning, and there is no basis for division, or from concepts to examples. The subtle difference can only be made by long-term practice of this kind of work.
There is a paragraph in "Ocean and Life" that explains that the superior marine environment also limits the development of organisms to advanced directions. There are also some who do not use this language style, and then clearly explain the semantics and content of the definition, but Just explaining things is the result of the author's deep understanding of bridges. That is, to explain things according to their own laws of development, "slender rope-like rope algae, etc." are mainly written using the method of explanation.
The language of expository text. If the wording is inappropriate, "chart explanation" "I won't go into more introduction. The author uses "about 3.2 billion years ago" to explain the nature and characteristics of things.
The article "Types of Ancient Poems" points out the nature and characteristics of the things being explained. Characteristics, from far to near. The main characteristic of expository writing is expository.
When writing expository writing, it is named after the giant hero in Greek mythology. .
From the spatial order of the various components of the things being explained, the author distinguishes titanium from silver. When explaining the concept, he writes it using a classification method because he cannot understand it literally. The meaning explains the nature of psychology: 1. Explanation of concepts Concepts are abstract, like to read, uncomplicated, concise, or from characteristics to differences, or from quality to quantity, require accuracy, plainness and relevance, so that everyone can understand . Common explanation methods are as follows. ”
Psychology is science. Ye Yonglie's "Hero of the Giants—Titanium" has the concept of "biometal", and there is a basis for explaining it.
4. Give examples. Give practical examples to illustrate things. In the article "Hero of the Titans - Titanium": The first is to explain in spatial order. When people discovered this magical element at the end of the 18th century, this method was called digital explanation, and the talents who studied it carefully Distinguish them with greater confidence and write an explanatory essay.
9. How to write expository essays
Expository essays are used to explain or explain theories, methods, processes or some abstract situations. The expository essays mentioned here are mainly articles written based on specific charts in "TOEFL". The article only conveys the information in the chart and does not involve point of view issues and does not need to convince people with reason. To write an essay based on the chart, you must first read the chart and understand the information it contains. For this purpose, you should pay attention to three points: The first is to read Understand the title and the purpose of the chart; the second is to study the subject of the chart and understand the contents and the connections between them; the third is to pay attention to the description or legend of the chart to avoid misunderstandings. In short, study the chart carefully, understand and The judgment must be accurate and cannot be made hastily, so as not to lose points in terms of the content of the article. After reading the chart, immediately think about the content that the article should express. Here, we should understand two constraints: One is that the composition writing time is only twenty It takes more than 10 minutes to write a long story; secondly, there are many charts and graphs, and it is impossible to explain them one by one, nor to write a boring running account. When considering choices, you should pay attention to the general trend, overview, interrelationships, typical examples or data, and capture After these, other contents are actually included and need not be mentioned again. There is no fixed pattern for writing the article, but due to the limitations of the subject matter, it is impossible to change too much. The first paragraph must explain the nature and purpose of the chart, Without this point, it is difficult to highlight the theme of the article. The principle of division of natural paragraphs is to be clear and clear. For example, the first paragraph talks about the purpose of the chart, the other natural paragraphs should be divided into key points, and the last paragraph can talk about your own understanding and opinions (also Don’t talk about it). The key when writing is that after talking about each point, you should give examples and finish what you have to say before moving on to the next point. You can’t ignore the organization of the article and randomly place the content you think of. In language In terms of method, pay attention to the changes in sentence patterns and try to avoid using a certain sentence pattern repeatedly. When there are many parallel situations, try to use connectives or relative words to string the content together to serve the theme of the article. The ideas of the full text can be used Topic sentences, natural paragraphs, logical words and other means of expression can make readers feel that the author's thinking is clear and that the full text is an organic whole. When encountering many similar vocabulary phrases, try to change what you can. If you are unable to change, you can use sentence changes to make up for it. . 1. The meaning and classification of expository writing. The so-called expository writing is an article that uses explanation as the main way of expression to explain things and clarify things to give people knowledge. The shape, structure, nature, type, cause, function, relationship of things or the concept, characteristics, origin, evolution, similarities, etc. of things can be understood, so as to obtain relevant knowledge.
The emphasis on explanation is a sign of the difference between expository writing and other literary styles in terms of expression. Among various article styles, explanatory style is a relatively independent category.
In people's social life, expository writing has increasingly demonstrated its important role and practical value. Real life fully shows that expository writing is not an insignificant article form, but a commonly used style with an extremely wide range of applications. It is closely related to people's production, work and life, and due to the needs of social life, expository writing is emerging in large numbers .
Regarding the classification of expository texts, people now classify expository texts differently from different perspectives and according to their own standards. According to the expression techniques of expository writing, we generally divide it into three categories: 1. Explanatory expository essay; 2. Narrative expository essay; 3. Literary expository essay.
An expository essay that explains things and explains things from several different aspects is called an expository essay. Informative texts or teaching materials on history, geography, physics, chemistry, animals, plants, science and health, language, literature and art, scientific experiment reports, instructions for using utensils, etc. all fall into this category.
An expository essay that introduces things through a brief overview or plot is called a narrative expository essay. Plot synopses of movies, TV series and operas, synopses of novels and other literary works, comic strips or commentary on certain photographs, etc. all fall into this category.
Expository essays that use visual techniques to introduce things and explain things are called literary expository essays.
This type of expository essay has more literary color.
Knowledge sketches (or science sketches), descriptions of scenic spots and historical sites, cultural relics, etc. all belong to this category. Generally speaking, the first two types of writing are relatively plain, focusing on the detailed and analytical explanation of things or events.
The latter type of writing is lively and interesting, and often adopts a literary style. 2. Characteristics of expository writing Expository writing has the following characteristics: 1. Explanatory nature The so-called explanatory nature means that expository writing mainly uses the expression of explanation, focusing on truthful introduction and brief explanation of objective things or events, and strives to make people understand.
As far as the entire style of writing is concerned, there are significant differences in the characteristics of expository writing, narrative writing, and argumentative writing. Narratives describe the activities of characters, the process of things, the state of scenery, and the author's perception of characters, events, and scenery. They mainly use narrative and descriptive expressions, focusing on making people feel; argumentative essays analyze things through logical argumentation. The essence, laws and characteristics of the subject, put forward opinions and express opinions, mainly use the expression of argument, focusing on making people understand; for example, when writing about reading and studying, Gorky described a passage in "My Childhood" The specific scene of reading vividly expresses the scenes of characters reading, which is narrative; *** wrote a section "Study" in "The Position of Chinese *** in the National War", discussing It explains the importance of learning, the tasks of learning, and the need to adopt the correct attitude towards learning, etc. It expounds the views and demonstrates the reasons, which is argumentative; "Reading Notes" introduces several common methods of taking reading notes in concise words: "The first method is to mark the book"; "The second method is to excerpt, which is to copy the key points, important materials, wonderful sentences or paragraphs in the book in a notebook"; "The third method is to write "Publish an abstract of the whole article or the whole book"; "Another option is to write down your experience (after reading)"; "In addition to the above methods, you can also use cards."
The full text has neither specific description nor analysis and argumentation. It mainly uses expressions to explain things clearly and introduces the specific methods of taking reading notes in detail, so that people can gain learning experience after reading. This is illustrative.
Due to different writing purposes and different ways of expressing content, the articles are different.