Atoms refer to the basic particles that cannot be subdivided in chemical reactions.

Atoms are inseparable in chemical reactions, but they can be separated in physical state.

An atom consists of a nucleus and electrons moving around it. Atoms constitute the smallest unit of general matter and are called elements. There are 1 18 known elements. So it has a nuclear structure.

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In an atom, the potential energy of an electron is inversely proportional to its distance from the nucleus. Measure the potential energy of electrons. Usually, the energy required for an electron to leave an atom is measured. The unit is electron volts (eV). In the quantum mechanical model, electrons can only occupy a configuration centered on the nucleus, and each state corresponds to an energy level. The lowest energy level is called the ground state and the higher energy level is called the excited state.