Li Yinhe made the preface. Her evaluation of this book:

The first sentence is: Freud's book is not only very important in the field of sexology, but also occupies a place in the history of human thought and culture.

second sentence: some ideas in the book are inspiring, completely original and have become classics.

1. Sexual impulsion, sexual perversion and psychosis

Homosexuality/sexual perversion: Sexual impulsion has nothing to do with sexual objects

There are many theories about whether sexual perversion is congenital or acquired, and Freud thinks that none of them clarify the nature of sexual perversion.

Some people have put forward the androgyny theory, that is, androgyny, which is recognized by anatomy: early humans were bisexual, and in the process of evolution, monogamy gradually gained the upper hand. However, this physiologically verifiable androgyny is not closely related to psychological androgyny.

So what is the cause of sexual perversion?

introduction of Freud? Sex object? And? Sexual goals? Two concepts. Freud thinks that sexual impulses may have nothing to do with sexual objects, that is, sexual impulses of transsexuals have nothing to do with their sexual objects.

why do you say that? give two examples. First of all, in terms of sexual objects, some male transsexuals still retain male psychological characteristics. Secondly, in terms of sexual goals, masturbation is often the sexual goal of male transsexuals.

thus, Freud thinks that sexual impulse may have nothing to do with sexual objects. The impulse needed for sexual life is one of the impulses that are not controlled by advanced mental activities, and the form and value of the object are secondary. In the process of forming sexual impulses, something else is the most fundamental.

Mental illness originates from sexual impulse, which is the catharsis of sexual desire

Of course, this statement was later falsified: sexual impulse is not the only source of mental illness.

Freud believes that people with hysteria often show extraordinary sexual repression. Psychoanalysis proves that hysteria is caused by the confrontation between excessive sexual needs and excessive sexual obstacles. Mental illness can not eliminate contradictions, but it can transform the original desire and vent it through mental illness.

Everyone is a little abnormal

Argument 1: Psychopaths often have abnormal sexual behaviors (psychopaths = abnormal sexual behaviors)

Argument 2: The development process of mental patients is actually the same as that of normal people. Each of us is more or less neurotic? (Everyone = psychopath)

So: Sexual perversion is nothing strange, maybe everyone is a little bit. (Everyone = psychopath = abnormal sexual behavior)

Since everyone is a little perverted, we might as well find the root of sexual perversion from childhood.

second, the theory of three stages of children's sexual desire

Freud thinks that the performance of children's sexual desire is mainly sucking, and finds the basic characteristics of children's sexual behavior. Of course, this book tries to expand the concept of sex, which is a bit pan-ism. In the original preface, it is said that the concept of sexuality expanded by psychoanalysis is different from Plato's? Love? Similar.

The object of children's sexual impulse is themselves. Children's lips are like a pleasure zone, and the satisfaction of the pleasure zone and appetite are produced simultaneously. There is no sexual object in this period, and they are in the stage of self-enjoyment.

Then, with the growth of children, children's sexual desire transits from oral period to anal period and genital period.

Third, sexual desire, sexual excitement and sexual object

Sexual excitement is generated by sexual desire

Some people think that sexual excitement is related to sexual products, but it is not related to a considerable extent. Because castrated men also have sexual excitement, some diseases destroy the production of male sperm, but they do not damage their original desire and sexual ability.

how does sexual excitement come about? Freud introduced the concept of original desire.

Selection of sexual objects

Knowing the causes of sexual excitement, how do you choose sexual objects? Freud thinks that a child sucking his mother's breast is the starting point of all love relationships. In a sense, finding a sexual object is to find that familiar feeling.

The sexual object in infancy is the caregiver. Some people may not agree that children's attachment and attention to caregivers is a manifestation of sexual behavior, but after careful analysis, the two are consistent. In fact, in the eyes of caregivers, children have also become substitutes for sexual objects. If some parents love their children too much, they will make their children unable to lack love in their future lives, or they will not be satisfied from weaker love.

Freud also thinks that under the restriction of incest, sexual objects will shift in adulthood, but there will be the shadow of the original sexual objects.

Fourth, abstinence and mental illness

Sex is the origin of beauty

What does Freud think? Sex is the origin of beauty? Freud attributed the vitality and creativity of human beings to the source of human sexual desire. When the original desire was blocked, that impulse sublimated to the spiritual realm and created art and beauty.

He thinks that one advantage of various sexual impulses is that their objects can be transferred, but their intensity will not be weakened fundamentally. Sex is the origin of beauty? This advantage provides a huge energy source for cultural behavior, that is to say, the phenomenon that sexual objects are transferable and will not be weakened promotes the development of culture.

abstinence can lead to mental illness

The sexual impulse of human beings is not due to the need of reproduction, but to obtain a certain sense of pleasure. With the development of people, sexual impulse gradually changes from self-enjoyment period to object love.

Many authorities believe that abstinence is not difficult, but the strong desire to control sexual impulses will make most people become a little neurotic or do something harmful to their health.

Abstinence and children's precocious puberty

The sublimation ability of the original desire is limited. At the beginning, women who bear the heavy responsibility of reproducing children can still be regarded as substitutes for their sexual objects, but with the growth of children, there is nowhere to release their disappointment with marriage, and they will inevitably be plagued by serious mental illness all their lives. Under the current situation of modern culture, marriage is no panacea to eliminate women's mental pain.

If a mentally ill woman can't get sexual satisfaction from her husband, she will pass on her need for love to her children and take care of them in every way, which will just cause their children's precocious puberty, and the bad relationship between parents will stir up waves in their children's emotional life, making them feel love, hate and jealousy too strongly at an early age. The child's sexual desire is awakened prematurely, and strict parents can't tolerate it. The contradiction between the two is enough to make the child face the danger of mental illness.

So, a question, we have made so many sacrifices for the sexual morality of culture, is it really worth it?