First, the quality of teachers.
1, subject quality: love Chinese, establish and strengthen the idea of enthusiastic Chinese teaching, and enhance your sense of pride, responsibility and mission in mother tongue teaching.
2. Professionalism: Have a certain knowledge of Chinese, good literary literacy, and be able to independently learn and control primary school Chinese textbooks.
3. Cultural literacy: read widely and develop the good habit of reading widely and taking notes.
Second, teaching preparation.
1. Curriculum standard textbook: study the curriculum standard (outline) carefully, master the specific requirements of the teaching year (level), and understand the requirements of the adjacent years (levels). Read through the textbooks to understand the key points and difficulties of the book and the relationship between the textbooks.
2. Familiar with the students: Learn about the family, life, health and hobbies of the students in this class through multiple channels, including the quality analysis of the preliminary and final exams, and master the main problems existing in students' Chinese learning in primary schools.
3. Teaching plan: According to the curriculum standards, teaching materials and teaching reference, make a more detailed semester teaching plan. Prepare new lessons in the first week of school in winter and summer vacations.
4. Material preparation: books and materials (pictures, tables, images, notes, etc.) needed for teaching. Be sure to prepare in advance and develop relevant resources in Chinese teaching.
5. Teaching objectives: correctly grasp the specific requirements of each text and each language garden, and understand its position and role in the whole teaching material. The teaching objectives of each text should be clear, specific and focused. Assign goals and specific requirements to each class reasonably, and pay attention to the specific requirements to be achieved before each class.
6. Instructional design: expand reading for preparing lessons. Besides studying teaching materials and teaching reference materials, you should also read more relevant reference materials when preparing lessons. To supplement and determine the teaching content, we should expand the teaching materials on the basis of relying on them. Pay attention to the after-class exercises of each text as an important basis for formulating teaching requirements. Finish the exercises after class in different classes. Reasonable arrangement of class hours to prevent loose ends and tight middle. Every class should leave some time for students to finish after-class exercises. There are various forms of teaching plans, such as teaching notes, loose-leaf teaching plans, making cards, etc., and writing teaching postscript is advocated. Prepare lessons one week in advance.
7. Preparation before class: Prepare small blackboard, audio-visual media and other teaching AIDS before class. The teacher should arrive at the door of the classroom before the bell rings. Once teachers enter the classroom, they are not allowed to go in or out halfway, so as to attend classes on time and finish classes on time.
8. Guide preview: guide students to preview carefully. The focus of preview is to read the textbook and understand the words with the help of reference books. Appropriate information search activities can be arranged to actively guide students to search for relevant information online and cultivate their ability to collect and process information. Preview should be conducted after class or in class according to the year.
Third, classroom teaching.
1, literacy teaching: new words are presented in various ways; Phonetic teaching should grasp the key points and consolidate them in various forms in the classroom; Understand the meaning of words in the connection between words and sentences; Words must be analyzed, and the writing of new words should be demonstrated, guided, focused and broken through difficulties; There should be enough time for students to write in class. Writing exercises should be arranged in every class of junior reading teaching.
2. Reading teaching: It is advisable to create situations for students at the beginning of class to stimulate their needs and motivation to learn Chinese, and then teach new classes. Speaking and reading texts can generally be carried out in the teaching order of "whole-part-whole"; In the process of speaking and reading, we should highlight the key points, design training steps, and consciously let students use their brains, move their mouths, start their hands and write; Finally, when assigning homework, besides reading and writing, we should also pay attention to the arrangement of observation, practice and accumulation. We should strengthen the practice of reading. When reading the text for the first time, read it correctly and fluently; In reading, we should ask questions to promote reading, promote enlightenment through reading, and guide students to understand the content and text; Reading aloud when summing up the text requires students to read aloud, fluently and emotionally. Pay attention to language accumulation, such as good words, good sentences, idioms, two-part allegorical sayings, fragments or full texts of ancient poems and words.
3. Exercise teaching: Exercise guidance should start from the content, highlight the key points and pay attention to expanding ideas. The guidance before senior three homework should be completed within 20 minutes. Eight essays in each issue need to be corrected in time, with positive comments and emphasis on motivation. Students should be instructed to evaluate and revise their compositions. It is necessary to ensure the biweekly composition evaluation and lecture, highlight the key points, keep consistent with the requirements of the guidance course, combine the evaluation with practice, and correct one or two outstanding problems in each composition in time.
4. Oral teaching: Choose a topic of oral communication, and students should be familiar with and interested in the topic content; Close contact with students' real life and open up the source of communication; It is necessary to create communicative situations to stimulate students to express their desires; Pay attention to multi-directional interaction, guide correct evaluation, and effectively cultivate students' expression and communication skills.
5, review teaching: there should be two to three weeks of review time at the end of the term. Make a review plan before reviewing. It is necessary to have a good review class seriously, and the objectives of the review class should be focused. We might as well use the teaching ideas of "intensive teaching and more practice" and "from generalization to concreteness" to systematically sort out what students have learned in the first stage, and pay attention to "filling in the gaps". In the review class, we should carefully design flexible and distinct exercises, so that students can further consolidate their knowledge, form skills and cultivate their abilities in practice. In the review process, it is advocated to carry out classified review on the basis of unit review, combine the last review lesson with doing test questions, carefully select exercise questions, avoid spending all review time doing mechanical repetitive exercises, and do not engage in "sea tactics".
6. Questioning and asking difficult questions: Carefully design teaching questions and guide students to question independently. Teachers should ask questions around the center and key points of the text, be clear, enlightening and hierarchical, and strengthen the guidance and guidance for students to answer questions.
7. Learning style: Teaching should adhere to the student-oriented development, change the learning style, ensure students' full autonomous learning, organize effective cooperative learning, properly carry out research-based learning, and fully mobilize students' learning enthusiasm.
8. Design of blackboard writing: The blackboard writing in class should pay attention to highlighting the key points, being clear-cut, neat and complete, and showing the teaching process and knowledge points. Encourage students to participate in blackboard writing design.
9. Classroom management: students in class pay attention and don't do things unrelated to teaching; Advocate raising your hand and allow you to speak without raising your hand; When discussing or doing homework, students are allowed to leave their seats to discuss with teachers or classmates and ask them questions; According to the needs, you can go to the reading room, conference room and outside the classroom for classes; Encourage students to annotate and draw pictures in textbooks; Encourage students to check each other; Allow students to express their opinions freely, and allow students to express opinions different from those of teachers, including asking teachers for learning contents and methods. Advocate stratified, encouraging, suggestive, diverse and delayed classroom evaluation.
10, hierarchical development: in the teaching process, we should face all students, adhere to the principle of unity of literature and Taoism, adhere to positive education, pay attention to mobilizing the learning enthusiasm of students with learning difficulties, appropriately reduce the requirements for them, and strive to make them succeed in learning.
Fourth, the arrangement and correction of homework.
1. class assignment: set aside 3 to 5 minutes for students to ask questions in each class; Carry out outward bound training according to the reality of society, life and study; Guide students to imagine and expand the content of the text; Carefully design homework exercises, introduce "homework must be done in class" and "free homework after class", and let students ask homework questions to their teachers themselves; Homework layout can be diversified, pay attention to changes in fonts, colors, etc. and appropriate illustrations. Classroom assignments require complete correction, earnest and timely.
2. Homework: strictly control the workload. There is no extra-curricular written homework in grades one and two, no more than 30 minutes a day in grades three and four, and no more than 45 minutes in grades five and six. The forms of homework should be flexible and diverse, combined with Chinese practical activities, and no mechanical repetition and "sea tactics"; Homework correction should be conducive to mobilizing students' initiative in learning.
Verb (abbreviation for verb) activity and consultation
1, Chinese practice: promoting the integration of Chinese and other disciplines. Strengthen extracurricular reading guidance, encourage students to write reading notes, earnestly carry out extracurricular Chinese practice activities, organize as many students as possible to compile tabloids, and appropriately organize extracurricular Chinese interest groups, such as literature clubs, press groups, poetry clubs, etc. And call on parents to buy books for their children as much as possible, and strive to expand students' knowledge and improve their Chinese literacy.
2. After-school counseling: make plans to train outstanding students and underage students, put forward counseling measures, establish files of gifted students and students with learning difficulties, and follow them up. Counseling should be pragmatic, and students with learning difficulties should be enthusiastic, patient and confident. On the premise of consolidating basic knowledge and skills, we should pay attention to improvement, strengthen the guidance of learning methods and cultivate self-study ability. It is necessary to pay attention to timely counseling and solve difficulties, and it is strictly forbidden to teach new lessons by self-study in the morning and evening. Training is mainly in the form of interest groups, participating in academic competitions and competitions inside and outside the school.
Sixth, teaching evaluation.
1. formative evaluation: after each unit teaching, students should be organized to conduct unit tests to achieve timely feedback. According to the feedback, we should compile and correct homework, guide students to fill vacancies and ensure the effective improvement of learning quality.
2. Summative evaluation: It can be divided into examination (interview) and examination (written examination).
Sub-examination: The content of the examination is the students' usual accumulation, reading aloud, literacy and other imperceptible contents in written examination (accumulation can be divided into news extracts, appreciation of a poem, famous sayings and aphorisms, good words and sentences in and out of class, etc.). ); Examination method: teachers conduct spot checks directly or under the supervision of teachers, and members of disciplines conduct cross-spot checks. The examination should adopt a grading system. After the exam, the teacher should write an analysis of the exam quality in time.
All written tests: the written test principle is only the final exam. The final exam belongs to the target exam. The content of the examination is based on the syllabus and the scope of teaching materials, which mainly tests students' language accumulation, basic knowledge of Chinese and basic skills. Organizing examinations should embody the principles of fairness, justice and strictness, and truly reflect students' academic achievements. Test scores can be written in percentile system or hierarchical system. After the exam, you should fill in the Chinese score statistics and test paper analysis carefully.
3. Teaching summary: At the end of each period, on the basis of inspection and assessment, write your own summary of Chinese teaching in this period (special summary, experience paper, investigation report, etc.). ).
VII. Teaching and Research
1. Actively participate in school-based teaching and research activities of disciplines, conduct special research on the problems in their teaching practice, and continuously improve the teaching level. There is at least one materialized result of special research in each issue.
2, often carry out teaching reflection, take the form of writing teaching postscript, teaching narrative, educational story, case analysis, etc. , and constantly accumulate and summarize teaching experience.
3. Strengthen peer assistance, carry out action research through collective lesson preparation, teaching and research salon, classroom evaluation, etc., and constantly improve their teaching practice.
4, actively participate in research, and constantly improve the research level.
Wanzhou district jiaokesuo primary school Shi