"Virtual Reality" is the sixth chapter of Sun Tzu's Art of War. The original text is as follows:

The mind map is as follows:

"Virtual Reality", Sun Tzu refers to the enemy and ourselves The strengths and weaknesses of both sides, strength, etc., that is, through strategies, give full play to one's own strengths, cover up one's own weaknesses, while avoiding the other's strengths, find and attack the other's weaknesses, and achieve victory.

This article mainly talks about the fact that resources are limited, and it is certainly not possible to cover everything on the battlefield. Therefore, attack and defense must be focused, and you must use your own strengths and attack the opponent's weaknesses to win. Content includes:

Analysis below.

Sun Tzu said that the party who arrives at the battlefield first and waits will be energetic, while the party who comes to the battlefield later will be more tired. The energetic party will definitely have the advantage, so those who are good at fighting can mobilize the enemy without being distracted by the enemy. Walk with nose in your nose.

If you want the enemy to come to the battlefield, lure him; if you don't want to fight for the time being, hinder him. If the enemy is at ease, we must find ways to tire him out; if the enemy has enough food and grass, we must find ways to make him hungry; if the enemy is resting, we must find ways to make him move.

This passage is easy to understand. It is more typical of the "encirclement and reinforcement" tactics that our army is very good at. By encircling economic, political or transportation important targets, attract enemy reinforcements and mobilize the enemy's effective forces. When the enemy's reinforcements are tired from running around, they take the opportunity to intercept and kill them and wait for their work.

There is a very common word in war - "war initiative". We say that the turning point of World War II was the Battle of Stalingrad, which means that after this battle, the initiative in the war changed hands. Germany could no longer launch attacks as it pleased. Instead, the Soviet Union decided the frequency, location and direction of the war. From then on, Germany was on the battlefield. They were led by the Soviets. Where and on what scale the war would be fought were decided by the Soviets.

So how can you take the initiative and wait for work? If you attack it, you will not be prepared; if you defend it, you will not attack it.

Sun Tzu said that you should be elusive and appear in places where the other party has no time to reach, or go to places where the other party does not expect. Troops that can march thousands of miles without fatigue must be in areas where the enemy is unprepared; those that can be captured by attacking must be in areas where the enemy's defenses are not adequate; if they are trying to defend, they must be in areas where the enemy is also expected to be unable to attack Down.

In short, you must be good at mobilizing the enemy. When you attack, the enemy does not know where you are going to attack; when the enemy wants to attack, it is always the place where you have the best defense.

This is the way of virtuality and reality, avoiding reality and attacking virtuality, using our strengths to attack the other's weaknesses. Sun Tzu used two idioms to describe the extreme extent of what an army can achieve: "insignificant" and "miraculous": so subtle that it is invisible; so magical that it is silent. To this extent, you can control the fate of your enemies.

The reason virtual reality is so effective is because resources are limited regardless of whether it is friend or foe. On the battlefield, it is impossible to take into account all places. Where there is strong strength, there will be places where strength is weak. Even if you are given an army of millions, you cannot cover every corner of the battlefield. Even if you have an army of millions, through constant mobilization and differentiation, the enemy may gradually disintegrate and eventually eat you all.

It is because the strength of both the enemy and ourselves is insufficient, so offense and defense must have a focus. The enemy cannot defend the place where we attack because we are attacking the enemy's weak position; when we retreat, the enemy cannot catch up because we are caught by surprise and the enemy cannot catch up.

If we do a good job of virtual reality, if we want to fight the enemy, even if he has a deep trench and a barrier, he still has to give up his defensive position and come out to fight me, because I am attacking the place where he has to save. ; I don’t want to fight him, and even if I draw a line, he won’t dare to come over, because he will consider whether I am cheating.

"Behave as you are" means that you feel it is unreasonable.

The more famous one about this is the "empty city strategy". In the Romance of the Three Kingdoms, Zhuge Liang deceived Sima Yi, but in official history, it was Zhao Yun who fought against Cao Cao. Cao Cao and Liu Bei were fighting over Hanzhong, and Zhao Yun was guarding Bietun, but was attacked by Cao Cao's army. At this time, Zhao Yun opened the city gates and silenced his troops. Cao Cao was deceived and thought he was cheating, so he retreated after weighing the situation. Zhao Yun achieved the ultimate in defense in this battle.

If you can mobilize the enemy without being mobilized by others, you can concentrate your forces against the enemy's scattered forces.

I concentrated my strength, but the enemy was divided into 10 small troops, which was equivalent to me hitting him one out of 10, creating a situation where we were outnumbered.

In the Battle of Sarhu in the Ming and Qing Dynasties, the Ming army was divided into four groups, and was defeated one by one by Nurhaci, who said, "I don't care which way they come, I only go all the way." The biggest reason for the failure of Sarhu was the division of the Ming army. There were various reasons for this, including command, geography, and intelligence. For example, the generals of the Ming Dynasty were at odds and did not appoint a commander with sufficient prestige; they misjudged the situation in Liaodong and lacked an understanding of the terrain; they were infiltrated by Qing spies and had incorrect intelligence, etc. All in all, combat preparations were seriously inadequate and the Qing army led them by the nose.

The enemy does not know where I am fighting, so there will be more places for defense and fewer troops can be put into battle. Again, resources are limited. If you have more defenses on the front, you will have fewer people in the rear. If you have more defenses on the rear, you will have fewer fronts. If you have more defenses on the left, you will have fewer people on the right. If you have more defenses on the right, you will have fewer people on the left. If you are not prepared for anything, you will have few. Nothing less.

If you are prepared for everything, you will be prepared for everything. It is not only meaningful for war, but also very meaningful for our lives. Human energy is limited. If you want to do well in every aspect, it is bound to mean that you cannot do well in any aspect. There is an old saying that "having too many skills is not a burden", but in modern society, it is useless to pursue too many skills. If you know many skills, it means you are not good at most of them. It is better to find one or a few directions and study them thoroughly.

When I was in college, I had a classmate who was really smart. My academic performance is good, I am the president of the student union, I participate in various club activities, and I am still in the mood to start a side job with a few classmates. But after graduating four years later, he dabbled in a little bit of every direction, but he failed to achieve the ultimate goal. Instead, there were several classmates who were recognized as inferior to him. They either had the highest grades, published several papers, or were not the president of the student union. , so far, it seems that those few students are doing better.

Bilibili's promotional video "Back Wave" says that young people have the right that front wavers dream of - the right to choose. I think this right is not about letting one person choose, but that this group has different choices and different paths. For individuals, it is still necessary to choose a certain path and stick to it.

Talking back to "Sun Tzu's Art of War", the key to virtual reality lies in mobilizing the enemy. The foundation for being able to mobilize the enemy lies in understanding the situation between ourselves and the enemy.

If you know the location and time of the war, you can fight it even after marching thousands of miles; if you don’t know the location and time, the left can’t save the right, the right can’t save the left, the front can’t save the rear, and the rear can’t save the left, let alone the battlefield. The distance is dozens of miles, and the distance is how many miles?

If you want to know yourself and the enemy, you must test the opponent: by analyzing the enemy's strategy, you can know our gains and losses; by motivating the enemy to act, you can know his behavioral habits; by disguising your own actions, you can know the opponent's whereabouts of life and death. ;Measure the opponent's resources and know the opponent's strength and weakness.

Therefore, we must constantly test, disturb, and provoke the enemy to move, so that we can understand the enemy's information. The ultimate test of mobilization is that no one knows why they are doing it, so no one can see our situation and no one can make a judgment.

Everyone knows that I won through these operations, but they don’t know why I did it; the next time the battlefield shape changes, my operation methods will be different and endlessly changing, so that I can win.

Finally, Sun Tzu summarized the reality and the situation, saying that we must be good at changing and adapting to the enemy's conditions.

Just like water. The shape of water is to avoid the high and go to the low, so the battle should be to avoid the real and go to the weak. The flow of water is determined by the terrain, and the military formation should be formulated according to the enemy's situation. The art of war has no fixed situation, just like water has no fixed form. Only those who can adjust their strategies and tactics according to changes in the enemy's situation to win can be said to be godlike in their military use.

None of the five elements, metal, wood, water, fire, and earth, can overwhelm the others; none of the four levels of spring, summer, autumn, and winter can last forever; the sun has its length, and the moon has its gain and loss: So how can one fix one type when fighting with soldiers? How to do it?

"With $60,000 a year, how can an ordinary student get the full PhD award in the United States"

"Jiang Ge Case-Don't let public opinion surpass the law"

"Why I oppose burden reduction and quality education"

"War and the stock market, the most intuitive display of human greed"

"The girl I like, looks like Muto Ran"