Song Shiguang: Lu Xun once told young people such as Zhang Yiping and Xiao Jun that his philosophical thoughts were all embodied in Weeds. Then, as an anthology of Weeds, The Good Story contains Lu Xun's philosophy? I think there is, and this question is precisely the focus of controversy about whether a good story is suitable for grade six. I wonder if you have learned some Lu Xun's philosophy from it?

Zhou Rong: When it comes to Lu Xun's philosophy, everyone is too scared to speak. In my opinion, philosophers are not inaccessible scholars. Maybe they see more thoroughly than ordinary people, but if they are restored, they are still a real image. Therefore, I think Lu Xun's philosophy is still a kind of outlook on life and Lu Xun's understanding of dealing with people. "Hazy" is mentioned in "Good Story", so what kind of state is this "hazy"? My understanding is that maybe he is half awake and half asleep. In this state of being half awake and half asleep, he can see a good story, but what I want to say is, why did he see a good story in this "hazy" state?

In fact, the first paragraph of the article mentioned that it was a "sleepy night" and that "the sound of whipping exploded around". Why can he hear the sound of whipping? According to the complete works of Lu Xun, this time is1925 65438+1October 28th, the fifth day of the first lunar month, and firecrackers must be set off outside. During the Spring Festival, Lu Xun read a book, Beginners' Book, and then had a dream while half asleep. He doesn't participate in other people's New Year's atmosphere. Then it naturally occurred to me that maybe he was lonely. Before contacting him, his brother fell out and moved out of Badaowan. Xu Guangping's life has never been involved, so Lu Xun should be said to be lonely and painful during this period. This is the state of Lu Xun at that time.

Sun: The word philosophy is very big. Is it the traditional western philosophy, or the philosophy of life or the philosophy of life that we often say? How should I cut it and put it on Lu Xun's head? If you look at this article alone, the views of several teachers just now are not consistent with those of Teacher Song, that is, how to understand "broken"? Teacher Song said that "San" is also good, and I especially appreciate San. For example, "The edges are as uneven as Xia Yun's head, with sunshine and silver flame like water", which is obviously the author's favorite scenery. I agree. The seventh paragraph where the story really begins is: "In a flash, they will shrink back again." It's the best time after retirement. When all the beautiful scenery began to break up, Lu Xun felt that the story had reached its climax. He said: "The story I saw was clear, beautiful, elegant, interesting and vivid. There are countless beautiful people and beautiful things in the sky. I see them one by one and know them one by one. " He seems to be telling us that the story is clearest when the scenery is intertwined.

This kind of expression, similar to disillusionment and turning to reality, is found in Buddhism and Taoism. Of course, I'm not saying what religion he believes in. Lu Xun chose to wake up when his dream was the most beautiful and best. Good dreams are easy to wake up, and colorful clouds are easy to disperse. China's traditional thought has this yearning for a better life, but at the same time he has a clear understanding of the foothold. I wonder if this idea can be called philosophy?

How do students recite the content correctly? I think students should recite slowly. Lu Xun spared no effort to expound his thoughts. Every image is related to a story. He has to recite the best things in his heart one by one, and then he can slowly recite the story behind each image. After the seventh paragraph, we found that the image has changed. The fifth paragraph selects "hut, dog, tower, village girl and cloud" from more than a dozen images. After these images are condensed, the first thing that catches your eye is not Lu Xun's story, but Shen Congwen's Border Town. We feel that the writing style of the two people is completely different. Lu Xun's feeling is cold and hard, and Shen Congwen's style is gentle, but I think the feelings in the world are the same. Lu Xun may not have thought of this when he was dreaming. The purpose of thinking about this is to go back to his past and his hometown. What can hometown give people?

This is not the first time he has told a story like this. When he saw Runtu in his hometown, some words, not something, jumped out of his mind. What jumped out were "horn chicken", "jumping fish", "shell" and "Yan". He also used some braille instead of the so-called story, because there are many stories behind every word. What are these stories? I think this story is not some concrete stories that we think have plots and are unforgettable, but some ordinary or even boring stories, but it is precisely this kind of story that can give people who walk in the dark the greatest relaxation or comfort. I think it is very appropriate to come to Li Jingyun today. The word "Li Jingyun" is our answer today. The whole story is "scenery", the main image is "cloud" and "Li" is my hometown.

In this way, Lu Xun's so-called philosophy may also be: a good life should be a poetic life.

Song Shiguang: I also found some materials here. Let's have a look. Lu Xun once discussed The Traveler with Xu Guangping, who was still his student at that time. When they discuss travelers, the key words are "future" and "hope". Mr. Lu Xun once quoted petofi's famous saying: "Despair is futile, just like hope." In Scream, he also said: "Yes, I have my own beliefs, but when it comes to hope, I can't deny it, because hope lies in the future, and I can't convince him what is dispensable with my unnecessary proof, so I finally promised him and made him make a fuss." So in The Good Story, does Lu Xun include the concepts of "future" and "hope", and does this article have his thoughts on the present, the future and the past?

Zhong: I think it's obvious. In paragraph 1 1, Lu Xun said, "I really love this good story. While the ghosting still exists, I want to recover him, end him and keep him. " These short sentences of "recover him, end him and leave him" can clearly show his beautiful pursuit of dreams. I think the pursuit of a beautiful dream is a key point we should discuss, because the more beautiful it is, the more we can show our pursuit of this dream. So when I asked Mr. Song a question just now, I actually had reservations-where is the "good" in "Good Story"? Because we teach junior high school students, if the rising height is too high, junior high school students may not understand it, but because of this, they will have a sense of fear and distance from Lu Xun's articles. I think it is very important to make some interpretations from the perspective of language and convince them. For example, the teacher just paid attention to the sentence: "Sapium sebiferum, new crops, wild flowers, chickens, dogs, bushes and dead trees, huts, towers, Galand, farmers and village women, clothes drying, monks, bamboo, flowers and clouds". What punctuation marks did he use between these images? He used a comma. Why a comma? I think what he might want to emphasize is that each of these things is independent.

Let's go back to the penultimate line of the fifth paragraph: "all shadows and objects are dissolved, but they are all shaken, expanded and blended with each other;" As soon as they merged, they retreated and returned to their original shape. " "The combination of shadows and images" means that these individuals live in harmony, and then the sentence "but they shrink back and return to their original shape" is considered by several teachers as a kind of sadness. I don't think so. I thought, "I just merged, but I retreated." Can we focus on "returning to the original shape" in the future? What was the original shape? The "prototype" is not only going back to the "cow fat, new crops, wild flowers, chickens and dogs" we saw before, but also to the sky, clouds and bamboo behind, that is to say, these representative rural cultures have good buildings, good people and good scenery. They are independent individuals, but they will also be interrelated, which is precisely the most important thing for people, people and nature in rural areas.

Moreover, I think the fifth paragraph "I seem to remember passing the mountain vagina by boat ..." should be Lu Xun's memory of a situation when he was a child. In fact, the wonderful circumstances of childhood seem to be the best comfort for those who have experienced human suffering after growing up. This is a memory that can keep a childlike innocence in difficulties. So I think paragraphs 5 and 7 are a focus of our study. The childhood experience of the fifth paragraph, to some extent, created the restoration of such a dream in the seventh paragraph, which is actually the yearning and pursuit of a better life.

Song Shiguang: Mr. Zhong believes that the yearning for and pursuit of a better life echoes the beauty of the mountains and the shadows mentioned by Mr. Chen Tianqi. I think the feelings or thoughts revealed in a good story can be summarized in three words: homesickness, nostalgia and hesitation. Lu Xun said in Wild Grass Hope: "Hope, hope, use this shield of hope to resist the empty night, although it is still empty night behind the shield." So when we read "I really love this good story, while the broken shadow is still there, I will get him back, finish him and keep him." We will find that when the broken shadow of the dream disappears bit by bit, Lu Xun tries to catch it, and remember it if he can't catch it. I think what is conveyed here is a kind of persistence. Although he didn't think clearly where the road was, he tried to keep hope and didn't completely despair. I especially appreciate these words in Wild Grass.

In this case, no one heard the cry of war: peace.

peace ...

But he raised the javelin!

This is the image of Lu Xun, which vividly shows Lu Xun's attitude of fighting although he was at a loss at that time.