The Old Man and the Sea is likely to become one of the real classics of this generation. Of course, the qualities of ernest hemingway's short stories are those that we are associated with many great stories in the past: almost perfect forms within the scope of imitating their themes, restrained handling, unified consideration of time and place, and evocative simple styles. Besides, like most great stories, it can be read at more than one level of meaning. On the one hand, this is an exciting but tragic adventure story. An old fisherman with a nervous breakdown, supported by his professional pride (his only pride), ventured to the Gulf Stream, where he caught the largest marlin that the waters had never seen before. Then, alone and exhausted, he tried to harpoon the big fish and was forced to fight a failed battle with predatory sharks. They left him nothing but the skeleton of his catch. On another level, this book is a fable about the unconquerable spirit of human beings, a creature that can snatch spiritual victory from disasters and material failures. On the other hand, this is a fable of religious significance, and its theme is supported by the author's unobtrusive handling of Christian symbols and metaphors. Like Coleridge's The Old Sailor, Hemingway's Cuban fisherman is a role that allows his creator's imagination to operate in two worlds with different meanings and values, one is real and dramatic, and the other is a symbol of morality and piety.

For 84 days, old San Diego hasn't caught a fish. At first, a young boy, Manorine, shared his bad luck, but after the unfortunate 40th day, the boy's father told his son to go to another ship. Since then, San Diego has worked alone. Every morning, he paddles his boat to the Gulf Stream where there are big fish. Every night he comes home empty-handed.

The boy loves and sympathizes with the old fisherman. If Manorine has no money of his own, he will beg or steal to ensure that San Diego has enough food and fresh bait. The old man humbly accepted his kindness, which was like a calm pride. At dinner with rice or black beans, they will talk about fish caught when they are lucky, or about American baseball and the great DiMaggio. In the evening, Santiago stayed alone in his hut and dreamed of lions on the beaches of Africa. He had been there by boat a few years ago. He stopped dreaming of his dead wife.

On the eighty-fifth day, Santiago rowed the boat out of the harbor in the cold darkness before dawn. After leaving the smell of the land behind him, he put down his fishing line. His two baits are fresh tuna that the boy gave him, and sardines that cover the hook. These lines extend all the way to the dark deep water.

When the sun rose, he saw other ships swimming towards the shore, which was just a low green line on the sea. A hovering frigate bird showed him where dolphins chased flying fish, but the fish moved too fast and too far. The bird circled again. This time San Diego saw tuna jumping in the sun. A small fish bit the hook at his stern. The old man dragged the trembling fish onto the boat and thought it was a good sign.

Towards noon, a marlin began to chew the bait at a depth of 100 fathoms. The old man gently struck the fish, which was a big fish. He knew this from the weight of the fishing line. Finally, he managed to untie the hook. The fish did not surface. Instead, it began to drag the boat to the northwest. The old man tightened his body and the line on his shoulder was tight. Although he is alone and no longer strong, he has his skills and knows many tricks. He waited patiently for the fish to get tired.

The old man shivered in the cold after sunset. When something bit his last bait, he cut the fishing line with a sheathed knife. Once, the fish suddenly tilted, pulling Santiago's face forward and cutting his cheek. At dawn, his left hand was stiff and cramped. The fish swam north; Can't see the land. Pulling the fishing line again cut Santiago's right hand. Hungry, he cut a few pieces from tuna and chewed slowly, waiting for the sun to warm him and relieve his cramped fingers.

That morning, the fish jumped. Seeing it leaping, Santiago knew that he had caught the biggest marlin he had ever seen. Then the fish sank to the bottom and turned to the east. On a hot afternoon, Santiago carefully drank from his water bottle. He tried to forget his cut hand and sore back. He remembered the days when people called him campion. He wrestled with a big black man in a pub in cienfuegos. Once, a plane buzzed overhead and flew to Miami.

Towards dusk, a dolphin took the small hook that he put back into the bait. He lifted the fish onto the boat, being careful not to pull the line on his shoulder. After the rest, he cut fish fillets from dolphins and kept two flying fish he found in their bellies. He fell asleep that night. When the fish jumped up, he woke up and felt the thread pass through his fingers. He paid the line slowly, trying to make the marlin tired. After the fish slowed down. He washed his hands in the sea and ate a flying fish. At sunrise, marlin began to circle. He was dizzy and tried to get the big fish closer every turn. Almost exhausted, he finally dragged the catch to the side of the boat and plunged the harpoon in. He drank a little water and tied the marlin to the bow and stern of the boat. This fish is two feet longer than the captain. The port of Havana has never seen such a catch. He thought it would make him rich. He raised his patched sail and headed southwest.

An hour later, he saw the first shark. This is a fierce Mako. It swam quickly and tore the dead marlin with its rake teeth. The old man hit the shark with his harpoon with all his strength. Mako rolled, sank, took the harpoon, and left a mutilated and bloody marlin. Santiago knew the smell would spread. Watching, he saw two shovel-nosed sharks getting closer and closer. He hit one with a knife tied to the end of the paddle and watched the scavenger slide into the deep water. The other one was killed by him when he bit the marlin. When the third fish appeared, he stabbed it with a knife, only to feel the blade break as the fish rolled. Other sharks appear at sunset. At first, he tried to hit them with the tiller of the boat, but his hands were raw and bleeding, and there were too many prey in the wolves. In the dark, when he was driving towards the faint light of Havana in the night sky, he heard them hitting the bodies again and again. But the old man only thought about his driving and his extreme fatigue. He went too far and the shark beat him. He knew that they would leave him nothing but the stripped skeleton of his big catch.

All the lights went out when he sailed into the small port and dragged his boat ashore. In the darkness, he could only make out the white back and upright tail of the fish. He swam to the shore with the mast and the rolled sail. Once, he was crushed by their weight and lay patiently until he regained his strength. In his hut, he fell asleep on the bed.

The boy found him there later that morning. At the same time, other fishermen gathered around the boat were amazed at the marlin, which was 18 feet long from beginning to end. When Manolin returned to his cabin in San Diego with hot coffee, the old man woke up. He said that the boy could get his harpoon. Manorine told him to have a rest and get used to fishing together. The old man slept all afternoon, and the boy sat by his bed. Santiago dreamed of lions.

-Abstracts of world famous literary works

The Old Man and the Sea

Hemingway? Yang Zhendan's Translation

"The Old Man and the Sea" is likely to become a veritable contemporary classic. There is no doubt that ernest hemingway's short stories have the same characteristics as many great works in the past: the form is almost perfect within the scope of subject matter, the treatment is cautious, the unity of time and place is emphasized, and the content is concise and profound. Besides, like most famous works, Hemingway's novels have more than one meaning. On the one hand, this is an exciting tragic adventure story. The story tells the story of a depressed old fisherman who, with the support of professional pride (the only pride he left), ventured to the Gulf Stream and caught the largest marlin ever seen in a water area. The story goes on to say that he was alone, exhausted by struggling to fork a big fish, and forced to fight to the death with a group of pirate sharks. As a result, the shark only left him the skeleton of his prey. On the other hand, this is another fable, which describes the unconquerable spiritual strength of human beings-how one can snatch spiritual victory from the environment of disaster and actual failure. On the other hand, this is a metaphor with religious significance, and the author unobtrusively adds some Christian symbols and metaphors to this theme. Like Coleridge's The Old Mariner, Hemingway's Cuban fisherman is such a role. He makes the author's imagination move in two fields at the same time, which have different meanings and values. One pays attention to realism and the plot is touching; The other focuses on moral preaching and is full of symbolic significance.

The old man Santiago hasn't caught a fish for 84 days. At first, a young boy, Manorine, shared his bad luck with him, but after forty days of bad luck, the boy's father asked him to work on another boat. From then on, San Diego had to work alone. Every morning, he paddles to the Gulf of Mexico with big fish. Every night, he always comes home empty-handed.

The child likes and sympathizes with the old fisherman. If Manorine doesn't earn money, he will beg or steal to make sure that San Diego has enough food and fresh bait. The old man humbly accepted the kindness of the child, and there was some pride hidden in his humility. At dinner (they eat rice and black beans), they always talk about the big fish they caught together on lucky days, or about the American baseball game and the great DiMaggio. At night, Santiago lay alone in his hut, dreaming of lions on African beaches. He sailed to that place a few years ago. He stopped dreaming of his dead wife.

On the eighty-fifth day, Santiago rowed the boat out of the harbor in the cold darkness before dawn. After leaving the smell of the land behind him, he put down the fishing line. His two baits are fresh tuna given to him by the child and sardines covering the hook. The fishing line plunged vertically into the dark deep water.

When the sun rises, he sees other ships heading for the coast, which looks like a green belt near the sea horizon. A hovering frigate bird showed the old man where dolphins chased flying fish. But fish swim too fast and too far. This raptor is circling again. This time San Diego saw tuna jumping in the sun. A small tuna bit the hook on his stern line. When the old man pulled the trembling tuna onto the boat, he thought it was a good sign.

Towards noon, a marlin began to nibble at the bait at a depth of 100 meters. The old man gently manipulated the hooked fish. According to the weight of the fishing line, he knew it must be a big fish. Finally, he jerked the fishing line to stabilize the hook. However, the fish did not surface, but began to drag the boat to the northwest. The old man braced himself and the fishing line hanging on his shoulder tightened. Although he is alone and his physical strength is not as good as before, he is capable and knows many tricks. He waited patiently for the fish to get tired.

After sunset, the cold was biting, and the old man was shivering with cold. When one of his remaining baits was bitten, he cut the fishing line with his sheathed knife. Once, the fish suddenly leaned over and pulled Santiago to the ground, and the old man's cheek was cut. At dawn, his left hand became stiff and twitching. The fish still swim north and can't see the land. The old man's right hand was strangled by another jerk on the fishing line. The old man was so hungry that he cut a few pieces of meat from tuna and chewed it slowly in his mouth, waiting for the sun to come out to warm his body and relieve the pain of finger cramps.

The next morning, the fish jumped out of the water Santiago saw the fish jump and knew that he had caught the biggest marlin he had ever seen. After a while, the fish sank again and turned to the east. On a hot afternoon, San Diego scrimped and saved on the water in the kettle. In order to forget his cut hand and sore back, he recalled how people used to call him a "winner" and how he competed with a big black man in a local bar in cienfuegos. Once, a plane flew overhead to Miami.

At dusk, a dolphin swallowed the small hook he put on the bait again. He lifted the "fish" onto the planking, being careful not to pull the fishing line on his shoulder. After a rest, he cut off some pieces of dolphin meat, leaving two flying fish found in the dolphin's stomach. He fell asleep that night. When he woke up, he felt the fishing line slip out of his fingers when the fish jumped up. He slowly loosened the line and tried to drag the marlin out. The big fish recovered, washed his cut hand in the sea and ate a flying fish. At sunrise, the marlin began to turn. The old man felt dizzy, but he tried to pull the big fish closer every time he turned the corner. Although he was almost exhausted, he finally kept pace with his catch and hit the marlin with a harpoon. He drank a little water, and then tied the marlin at the fore and aft of his boat. This marlin is two feet ahead of the captain. Never seen such a big fish caught in Havana harbor, he pulled up the patched sail and began to sail southwest, thinking that he would make a fortune.

An hour later, he saw the first shark. This is a fierce mako shark. It swam very fast, biting the dead marlin with rake-like teeth. The old man tried his best to plunge the harpoon into the shark. The mako shark rolled and sank, picked up the harpoon and bit the marlin to pieces. Santiago knew the smell of blood would spread. He looked at the sea and saw two plowshare sharks swimming close. He hit one of them with a knife tied to one end of the paddle and watched the scavenger slide into the deep sea. He killed another shark that was biting the marlin. When the third shark appeared, he poked the knife at it. The shark rolled and broke the knife. Some sharks swam over at sunset. At first, he tried to cut them with the rudder, but his hand was beaten black and blue, bleeding, and there were so many sharks coming. In the twilight, he looked at the faint light of Havana on the horizon and listened to the sharks biting the bodies of marlins again and again. All the old man can think about at this time is turning and his extreme fatigue. He went out to sea too far, and the sharks beat him. He knew that the shark would not leave him anything except the empty skeleton of the marlin.

When he rowed into the small port and washed the boat up on the beach, all the lights on the shore went out In the dim light, he could only distinguish the marlin's white back from its vertical tail. He climbed to the shore with the mast and rolled up the sails. Once he collapsed under the heavy pressure, and he lay patiently on the ground, gathering strength. When he entered his hut, he fell asleep on the bed.

Later that morning, when the child found him, he was still lying. At this time, some fishermen gathered on the boat and marveled at the 18-foot-long marlin from beginning to end. When Manolin returned to his cabin in San Diego with hot coffee, the old man woke up. He told the child that he could take the long kiss of his fish. Manorine asked the old man to have a good rest and keep fit, so that they could go out fishing together in the future. The old man slept all afternoon and the child sat by his bed. Santiago dreamed of the lions.

-Excerpted from Selected Works of World Literature/lib2/ltb/wwst/mpjz/bookrevi/sea.htm.