In 1931, upon the recommendation of Professor Yu Hongzheng, he entered the Central Geological Survey and worked with American experts in the soil research laboratory of the institute. Hou Guangjiong was appointed deputy director of the office in 1934 and promoted to director in 1937. In order to find out my country's soil resources, he went through many hardships and carried out a large-scale soil survey with his colleagues, obtained a large amount of first-hand information, and wrote the "Soil Survey Report of Ding County, Hebei Province", "Northern and Northwest China" Papers such as "Soil of the Ministry of Agriculture", "Overview of Soil in Chongqing District of Sichuan Province" and "Distribution, Utilization and Management of Loess in Southeast Gansu Province". A large amount of practice has firmly established his belief that soil science must serve agricultural production.
In 1935, Hou Guangjiong, as a representative of the Soil Research Office of the Central Geological Survey, together with Deng Zhiyi and Zhang Naifeng, represented China at the Third International Soil Science Congress held in Oxford, England, and read out papers, making the first study of rice. The occurrence and hierarchical morphology division of soil, especially the relationship between paddy soil hierarchical morphology and productivity, were scientifically discussed. Various paddy soil specimens were also displayed at the meeting, systematically displaying the research results of China's paddy soil, which attracted the attention of the participating scientists. After the meeting, Hou Guangjiong received invitations from representatives of more than 10 countries including the Soviet Union, the United States, Germany, France, Britain, Italy, Hungary, the Netherlands, and Sweden, and funding from the China Education Foundation to visit and conduct cooperative research in various countries. Hou Guangjiong conducted three years of investigation and research in foreign countries with the question "What is the difference between Chinese soil and European and American soil?" He wrote the paper "Laws of Amphiphilic Activity of Soil Colloids" in Sweden, and the paper "The Relationship between Red Soil Composition and Tea Quality" in the Soviet Union.
During the Anti-Japanese War, due to limited research conditions, some of his creations of agricultural soil research methods were actually carried out at home. The daughter helps collect specimens and the wife helps with experiments. The "Soil Viscosity and Toughness Determination Method" that was successfully tested in the initial trial can be easily used to measure the properties of soil mineral colloids, and thus has attracted the attention of colleagues at home and abroad.
In 1946, Hou Guangjiong transferred to Sichuan University as a professor, giving lectures on soil fertilizer science, soil chemistry, soil geography and other courses. He teaches seriously and responsibly, implements heuristic teaching, and often organizes students to conduct academic discussions, field trips and scientific research. During this period, he collaborated with young teachers to write three papers, "The Relationship between Soil Adsorption Nutrient Status and Soil Viscosity and Toughness", "Using Viscosity-Toughness Curve to Identify Soil Characteristics" and "Determination of Viscosity-Toughness Curve", which were published in the 4th International Soil Science Congress Proceedings.
After the founding of the People's Republic of China, Hou Guangjiong was invited to attend the first national soil and fertilizer conference. Comrade Zhu De's call that "soil science must serve agricultural production" left a deep impression on him and strengthened his belief that the development of soil science in China should follow its own path. After the adjustment of departments in 1952, Southwest Agricultural College was established, and Hou Guangjiong was appointed as a professor there. In order to make soil science closely serve agricultural planning and agricultural production, he undertook the investigation of suitable rubber forest land in Yunnan; the soil survey of the Minjiang, Tuojiang, Fujiang and Jialing River basins in the upper reaches of the Yangtze River, and later the first and second national soil surveys. Census, agricultural soil zoning in Southwest China and other tasks. While completing these tasks, he wrote "Research on the Viscosity and Toughness of Chinese Soils", which was read out at the Hungarian National Soil Society, translated into Russian, and reprinted in the former Soviet Union's "Soil Science" magazine, which aroused the attention of foreign experts. ***Ming; Wrote "Classification and Zoning of Purple Soil in the Sichuan Basin" as a paper for the 6th International Soil Science Congress held in Paris; Wrote the paper "Research on Evaluating Soil Fertility Using Soil Layers", and Presented at the 8th International Congress of Soil Science, Romania. Hou Guangjiong believes that solving problems in agricultural production will definitely drive the development of soil science.
In 1956, Hou Guangjiong joined the Communist Party of China. He concurrently served as the director of the Chongqing Soil Laboratory of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, where he concentrated on studying purple soil and proposed the idea of ??"agricultural soil physiology" in 1960. Although Hou Guangjiong was in dire straits during the "Cultural Revolution", and his wife who had been bedridden for a long time unfortunately passed away, his family and spiritual experiences did not shake his determination to continue studying agricultural soil. Since 1973, he has been deeply involved in the vast rural areas for 18 years. He has stayed in Jianyang Town, Sichuan and Xiangling District, Changning County, to conduct research on the application of soil science theory, and proposed "big nest cultivation" in dry land and winter paddy fields. The "natural no-till" technology has been widely promoted and has obvious yield-increasing effects. It has been valued by scientists and welcomed by farmers.
Hou Guangjiong has been engaged in agricultural education and soil scientific research for decades. He is diligent in thinking, daring to innovate, and loves the motherland and science. In 1955, he was selected as a member of the Department of Biology of the Chinese Academy of Sciences; he has been elected successively. Representative of the first, second, third, fifth, sixth and seventh National People's Congress; won the National "May 1st" Labor Medal in 1986, and was awarded the honorary title of National Work Model in 1989 in recognition of his contribution to the development of soil science in China. contribute.
Soil scientist. A native of Jinshan, Shanghai. Graduated from the Agricultural Chemistry Department of Beijing Agricultural University in 1928. Professor at Southwest Agricultural University and Director of the Natural No-Tillage Research Institute.
He has been engaged in soil science teaching and scientific research for 60 years. In the research of soil fertility and soil geography, he discovered the fact that the "light and fertilizer balance" changes in the daily cycle, thus opening up a new field of soil colloid thermodynamics; in 1986, the natural immune system of paddy fields was certified. By the end of 1988, the new farming technology had been promoted to more than 22 million acres in 13 southern provinces, with a yield increase rate of more than 15%. In order to meet the needs of soil fertility research, soil colloid physics-soil viscosity-toughness and viscosity-toughness curves, and soil colloid physics were created. Two measurement methods of colloidal thermodynamics and coupled pH were developed, and a soil fertility classification system was developed, which provided a scientific basis for formulating land use planning in my country. In 1955, he was elected as an academician of the Chinese Academy of Sciences (member of the academic department).
Born on May 7, 1905 in Luxiang Town, Jinshan County, Jiangsu Province (now part of Shanghai).
Student at the No. 3 Primary School of Luxiang Town, Jinshan County from 1911 to 1917.
From the autumn of 1917 to the autumn of 1922, he studied agriculture at Nantong Agricultural School in Jiangsu Province.
From the autumn of 1922 to the summer of 1923, he stayed at the school as a cotton laboratory technician after graduation.
From the autumn of 1923 to July 1924, he was admitted to the Agricultural Department of Nantong University without taking the examination.
From July 1924 to the summer of 1928, he transferred to the Department of Agricultural Chemistry, College of Agriculture, Peking University for undergraduate studies, and obtained a bachelor's degree in agriculture.
From the autumn of 1928 to March 1931, he worked at the Agricultural College of Peking University.
From March 1931 to August 1946, he went to Nanjing and worked in the Soil Research Office of the former Central Geological Survey, serving as investigator, deputy director, director and chief technician.
During the period:
From March 1931 to June 1935, he was engaged in soil survey, indoor analysis and testing and paddy soil research.
In July 1935, he went to Oxford University, England, to attend the Third International Soil Science Conference.
From July 1935 to February 1937, he visited Britain, the Netherlands, Germany, Sweden, Finland, the Soviet Union, Hungary, Italy, the United States and other countries for inspection or short-term cooperative research.
From February 1937 to July 1938, he returned to the former Central Geological Survey in Nanjing and presided over the work of the Soil Research Laboratory. After the outbreak of the Anti-Japanese War, he moved to Changsha. He went to eastern Zhejiang, central Jiangxi, and southern Hunan to conduct soil surveys.
From August 1938 to August 1940, he moved to Beibei, Chongqing with the institute and continued to preside over the work of the Soil Research Laboratory.
From August 1940 to August 1941, he was seconded to the Jiangxi Geological Survey to prepare the soil laboratory and red soil improvement laboratory.
From August 1941 to early 1942, he returned to Beibeiyuan Unit to study the soil of Sichuan.
From the beginning of 1942 to the winter of 1942, he concurrently served as professor of soil science at Sichuan University and the former Central University (one of the predecessors of Nanjing University).
From early 1943 to August 1946, he returned to work in the Soil Research Laboratory, and was also a professor at Chongqing University and North Sichuan University.
From August 1946 to 1948, he served as the technical director of the Sichuan Agricultural Reform Institute, and concurrently served as a professor at the Agricultural College of Sichuan University and Mingxian College (the predecessor of Shanxi Agricultural University). Since 1948, he has been a full-time professor at the Agricultural College of Sichuan University.
From 1948 to December 1952, he served as a professor at the Agricultural College of Sichuan University.
He served as a professor and doctoral tutor at Southwest Agricultural University from December 1952 to his death in November 1996. He also served as the director of the Soil Chemistry Department of Southwest Agricultural University, the director of the Soil Chemistry Department of Southwest Agricultural Science Institute, and the Chongqing Professor of the Chinese Academy of Sciences. Director of the Soil Research Office, Director of the Sichuan Soil Research Office, Director and Honorary Director of the Yibin Natural No-Tillage Research Institute. In 1996, he served as the Honorary President of Southwest Agricultural University.
In the meantime:
In 1955, he was elected as a member of the Chinese Academy of Sciences (later renamed as an academician) and an academic member of the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences.
Joined the Communist Party of China in 1956.
In June 1956, he went to Hungary to attend the Sixth International Soil Science Conference.
In June 1964, he went to Romania to attend the Eighth International Soil Science Conference.
From the spring of 1972 to the spring of 1980, he worked in rural areas of Jianyang Town, Sichuan, engaged in scientific research and high-yield experiments, demonstrations, and promotions.
From 1978 to 1983, he served as director of the Soil Research Office of the Chengdu Branch of the Chinese Academy of Sciences.
From the spring of 1980 to the autumn of 1980, he worked in Tieqing Township, Jiang'an County, Yibin, engaged in scientific research and high-yield experiments, demonstrations, and promotions.
In the autumn of 1980, when he passed away, he stayed in rural areas of Changning County, Yibin for scientific research, focusing on research, demonstration and promotion of natural no-tillage and high yields.
In April 1994, he went to Mexico to attend the 15th International Soil Science Conference. After the conference, he visited the United States for academic exchanges.
Died of illness on November 4, 1996 at the age of 92.