Students’ appreciation ability should be cultivated mainly through the teaching of literary works. Prose occupies an important position in literary works. It summarizes the breadth and depth of life, the authenticity and delicacy of narrative, and the richness of depicting numerous characters and the emotions expressed through characters. Compared with other literary styles, it has greater advantages, so it has the widest audience of readers of all cultural levels and plays a greater role in cultivating appreciation ability. After all, prose is a comprehensive embodiment of various writing methods, skills and ability training. Its wide range of themes, concise content, short length, and structure of "organizing form and dispersing spirit" are simple and natural, beautiful and vivid, lively and fresh, and full of artistic expression. The powerful language is enough for students to train the basic skills of reading and writing in an all-round way. Students can broaden their horizons, understand society, develop their thinking, cultivate their composition skills in selecting materials, constructing ideas, and language expression skills, thereby cultivating their sentiments, strengthening their outlook on life, and learning aesthetics. These are all the obvious educational values ??of "Examples".
Appreciate the language of modern prose to understand the artistic style or effect.
Articles are language art. Language is a tool for expression and a material means for modern prose creation. Reading with an overall perspective requires not only understanding what is written in the article, but also clearly understanding how the author wrote it and why he wrote it this way. Appreciators must understand the text and appreciate the language beauty of the work.
Modern prose language requires accuracy, vividness, imagery, and popularity. When appreciating the language of modern prose, we must strive to understand words and sentences according to their ideological content and expression form, and gain insight into how they vividly express the characters' mental outlook, and even how they describe scenery, scenes, and exaggerate the atmosphere.
First of all, appreciators must fully grasp the key words in a specific language environment. For example, in "My Teacher", when describing a teacher's hypocrisy, the author wrote this sentence: "I noticed with the cunning eyes of a child that she loves us." The word "cunning" is usually interpreted as "scheming." , cannot be trusted", but in the specific language environment of this article, the derogatory word "praise" means "naughty, naughty". It vividly expresses the close feelings between teachers and students, thus laying the foundation for "teachers love students, students love students". "Love the teacher" is the keynote of the whole text. In the following sections of the article, the author tells several touching stories, all of which were born from the most sincere love between teachers and students in the world.
Secondly, the appreciator should grasp the expressive words and analyze the state of things and the activities of the characters. For example, "From Baicao Garden to Sanwei Bookstore" describes the scenery of Baicao Garden. It uses "green" to describe the vegetable border, "smooth" to describe the stone well column, "tall" to describe the acacia tree, "purple" to describe the mulberry, and "singing cicadas in the leaves." "Long chanting", "the fat wasp lay on the cauliflower", "the nimble and agile skylark suddenly flew straight into the sky". The author uses a series of expressive words to accurately and realistically express the characteristics of various scenery in the garden and his love for Baicao Garden, a childhood paradise.
Thirdly, appreciators can analyze the role of language expression in expressing ideas from the use of rhetorical techniques. In order to express things concretely and vividly, modern prose often uses various rhetorical techniques such as metaphor, personification, parallelism, parallelism, and exaggeration to make the language vivid and lively and enhance the expressiveness of the article. Among them, paying attention to the merging and application of rhetorical techniques is an important means to enhance expressive power. For example, in "Listening to the Tide", "kissing the rock gently, as if half asleep", "trembling shimmeringly, like silver scales", "turning towards the rock", "the silver light swayed, like a silver dragon" ", using the verbs "kiss" and "lift" to write the sound of the waves hitting the rocks from small to large, using "silver scales", "silver dragon", "trembling" and "shaking" to write the sounds of the waves from small to large , the tide rises and falls. In order to express "quietness", the author uses a series of gentle, sweet, poetic and picturesque things as comparisons, "like the sweet words of a lover", "like the breeze blowing over the strings of the piano, like falling flowers floating on the water", to contrast the stillness with movement. Using words to create the image beauty of sounds also creates channels for people to associate and imagine. Appreciators appreciate the appropriateness of the wording and the subtlety of the diction, and are naturally influenced by the beauty of language.
1. Read - Appreciate - Feel - Taste - Analyze
To read lyrical prose about scenery, you can read beautiful articles, appreciate beautiful scenery, feel beautiful emotions, and appreciate beautiful sentences. , the "five-step reading and appreciation method" for analyzing beautiful words, appreciating the works from the whole to the parts, from shallow to deep, and understanding the beauty of it. Among them, "reading beautiful texts" requires reading the text fluently with appropriate and beautiful intonation; "appreciating beautiful scenery" requires giving full play to imagination and turning abstract descriptions of scenes into vivid scenes; "feeling beautiful feelings" means carefully Try to figure out the author's thoughts and feelings revealed between the lines; "appreciating beautiful sentences" and "analyzing beautiful words" means appreciating the meaning and expression of beautiful sentences or words. The emphasis of these five steps depends on the specific circumstances of the work, but each step should strive to gain something and have its own discovery and creation. For example, appreciate the second natural paragraph of "Wisteria Waterfall". After reading it, describe the picture that comes to your mind - a brilliant lavender wisteria flower hanging down from the sky like a waterfall, and the deep and shallow purple... A little bit of silver light... This is a vibrant world of flowers, which can give people a feeling of tranquility and pleasure. The sentence "as if flowing, smiling, and growing" in the article uses personification and parallelism to highlight the vitality of the wisteria flowers; the word "tease" in "Teasing each other with the sunshine" vividly expresses the "general" The wisteria flowers with a little silver light sparkle in the sun.
2. Reading - Thinking - Taste - Understanding
"Reading" refers to reading aloud, and reading aloud is to convey the emotions of the article through sound. Through reading aloud, you can initially perceive the emotional tone of the work, the author's creative style, etc. "Thinking" means thinking carefully on the basis of reading, grasping the author's thoughts, and deeply exploring the author's inner emotional context. Among them, the most important thing is to pay attention to the twists and turns of the work's ideas, grasp important links such as key sentences and central sentences, and clarify how the author's thoughts and feelings change from one stage to another, so as to understand the thinking skills of the entire article. "Taste" should be carried out on the basis of grasping the overall framework of the article and clarifying the author's ideas, that is, a deeper understanding, taste, and appreciation of the work, starting from the language materials, the meaning of the work, and the author's emotions, and making associations. Experience it with your imagination. "Enlightenment" means that appreciators actively participate in the work and form their own unique understanding and understanding. For example, appreciate "Catching is Better than Fishing", which is easy to understand and full of philosophy. Appreciators read aloud first to understand the general idea; then they read carefully while thinking and figure out the role of the sentence "I am fishing, not for fish" in the article, until the article uses beautiful scenery as the background to set off the old professor's story. What is the function and so on? Next, savor the descriptions, quotations, dialogues and discussions in the article, appreciate how the author talks about the unconventional "catching is better than fishing", and finally form your own opinion: we should love our work , pouring endless interest will make us forget many meaningless things, and in the unremitting efforts to explore, we will obtain unexpected things.
3. Read - compare - speak
When reading modern prose with profound language, or one or several related works, we can choose from different aspects according to its specific content. Draw up several topics or comparable points from different angles, read and analyze them carefully with these topics or comparable points in mind, and then say something purposeful, detailed and organized around a certain topic or comparable point, in order to achieve a thorough understanding of the work. Purpose (this can also be called the "topic reading appreciation method"). Using this method to read "Reminder of Happiness", we can come up with the following topics: "Reminder of Disaster", "Reminder of Happiness", "Confusion of 'Reminder'", "There are many metaphors in "Reminder of Happiness"", "Parallel Sentences and Parallel Paragraphs" "Add glory to "Reminder of Happiness", etc., but when "speaking", you must not only quote the language materials in the text as much as possible, but also strive to have your own discoveries and creations. Using this method to appreciate the two short essays "Revere Life" and "Love Life", we can draw up comparable points from the perspectives of theme, content, ideas, expression and language use, compare the similarities and differences, and further understand the author's The spiritual world and deepen the understanding of the text.
Both talk about the issue of life. "Respect for Life" comprehensively uses narrative, description and lyrical expressions to praise the persistence and tenacity of "life"; "Love for Life" mainly discusses the author's views on the issue of "life". view. The former focuses on lyricism, while the latter focuses on reasoning. Judging from the writing style, "Respect for Life" revolves around the central event (there are several trees by the lake that keep scattering white fibers), and follows the passage of time (one summer afternoon, several hours passed, the whole afternoon, the whole night, the second Oh my god, those days), gradually write down the author's emotional changes (I didn't pay much attention to it, it was simply surprising, surprising and shocking, full of admiration, awe, and emotion), expressing the author's feelings (I almost met life for the first time, I can't help but be moved by the luxury, luxury and investment in life regardless of cost). "Love Life" first compares two different attitudes towards life ("philosopher" ignores the existence of life; "I" thinks life is worthy of praise and full of fun), and then reveals the essence of life (the essence of life lies in death), Express "my" love for life (the shorter the remaining life is, the more I want to make it rich and fulfilling).
4. Reading - Enlightenment
"Reading" is a means, and "enlightenment" is the purpose. Reciting a masterpiece repeatedly to understand its subtleties is a quick way to appreciate it. The ancients said: "Read a book a hundred times, and its meaning will become apparent." When we read modern prose, we must pay special attention to recitation - that is, the "reading" of the words in a clear and melodious tone. "Reading" brings out thoughts, and "reading" brings out feelings. "Reading" brings out the image, and "reading" brings out the literary talent. Of course, "recitation" is very particular. In order to achieve the purpose of deeply understanding the work, we can adopt the "directed reading appreciation method". It is intended to be read lightly to understand the situation. Appreciators read the works softly with questions, and can rely on the text, through association and imagination, to turn the language and words in the article into living pictures, so that they have something to say about what they saw and heard. In this way, the appreciators are in the "mutual transformation of words and pictures" The psychological transformation naturally strengthens the feelings of language and situation, laying the foundation for language understanding. Read it silently to understand the meaning. "Read silently, think quietly, and concentrate on understanding this article." Reading silently and thinking can help you better understand the meaning contained in the language. Read the imitation to understand the Dharma. After understanding the content and comprehending the connotation of language, appreciators can further explore the combination of language form and language connotation to strengthen their understanding of language ideas and experience of language emotions, thereby deeply understanding the rules of language and forming the ability to understand and use language. Intended to be read aloud to understand emotions. On the basis of understanding the connotation and understanding of language skills, using the audio language of reading aloud to reproduce the image described by the language and characters, display the connotation of the language and characters, and convey the affection expressed by the language and characters, so as to make the image of the language beautiful and emotional. Beauty and technical beauty are fully demonstrated through the choice of tone, changes in speaking speed, ups and downs of intonation, and the level of voice when reading aloud, so that one can appreciate the beauty of language. For example, when appreciating the poetic landscape prose "The Big Golden Jacket", you can imagine a picture of wind and rain through light reading, which is filled with the joy of life and innocent childlike innocence. Then through silent reading, read the story from the picture, and understand the innocent and lively cute image of the siblings. Then, through reading, we understand that the author uses three lenses to express the changes in wind and rain, which brings out the story. The multiple uses of personification and metaphors make the language vivid, vivid, and appropriate. Mainly through reading aloud, you can experience the brotherhood between sister and brother.