The difference between Confucianism and Taoism
Confucianism emphasizes ethical cultivation, which makes people feel stressed. Everyone knows the importance of morality, but this requirement cannot be fulfilled all one's life, so when it comes to morality, people will think of practical problems and have a sense of personal responsibility.
Taoist thought takes another angle, emphasizing the consciousness and liberation of wisdom. The word "wisdom" sounds beautiful, but its meaning needs explanation. Traditionally speaking of Taoism or Zhuangzi, most people think that they are elderly people (such as Laozi) or frustrated people (such as Zhuangzi), and they will learn more. Now it is time to break this concept, and I believe there is a third possibility, that is, everyone can be inspired by wisdom.
Confucianism is the link between the past and the future and the revolutionary character of furniture.
Let's talk about the difference between Confucianism and Taoism.
Confucianism "Confucianism" is an ancient industry, that is to say, there was a group of people called "Confucianism" in ancient times. Therefore, Confucianism has a certain tradition, showing the status of connecting the past with the future. Taoism is revolutionary because it replaces heaven with Taoism and pushes Taoism to the highest position.
Any philosophical school must judge the truth or noumenon of the universe. From this interpretation of ontology, we can judge which position it belongs to (such as idealism or materialism, monism or pluralism, etc.). ). China's ancient traditional thought takes "heaven" as the ultimate source of the universe. What about the Book of Songs? In Daya, there is the so-called "born for the people, there are things and rules; It is beneficial for people to master virtue. Taoism obviously regards "Tao" as the ultimate source of the universe, which is revolutionary in this respect.
During the Spring and Autumn Period, many people criticized "Tian", but the more they criticized, the more they showed the lofty position that "Tian" had, otherwise it was not worth criticizing at all. The ancients called the emperor "the son of heaven", which fully proved that "heaven" was the supreme master in the eyes of the ancients. After the appearance of Taoism, "Tao" replaced "Heaven", while "Heaven" was reduced to "Earth". "Heaven and earth" also refers to maintaining a state of balance, and the problem is far less than the nature of human society. However, although nature is self-sufficient, it is not the ultimate source. For example, on the one hand, Laozi said "Forever lasts forever" (Chapter 7 of Laozi), but at the same time, he admitted that "the wind doesn't stop in the morning, the showers don't last all day" and "heaven and earth don't last long" (Chapter 23 of Laozi). The strong wind won't blow all morning, nor will the rainstorm last all day, even if the action of heaven and earth may not last long. This shows that nature has its own limitations and cannot be regarded as the supreme existence.
Studying Taoism today can meet the psychological needs of modern people.
People can't live in the world without the guidance of Confucianism, because everyone starts from the family and then enters the society, so we must try our best to practice the proper relationship between people. If you leave Confucianism, you may face the problem of not knowing how to settle yourself and get along with others. However, if we only rely on Confucianism, it will sometimes seem inadequate. For example, we sometimes feel that the relationship between people is too tight, and it seems that we can't get rid of the general trend of this era. Turn on the TV or newspaper every day, and it is not difficult to find that this era is not cute. Dissatisfaction with this world, on the one hand, reflects personal ideals, on the other hand, it also proves that this world is not perfect, so we should inspire and improve our minds.
Confucianism, regardless of age, can be studied together, while Taoism has a limitation, that is, it is only suitable for mature people and needs to be experienced by themselves, which cannot be realized by others' teaching alone. If a person can understand the realm of Taoism, he can become like Laozi and Zhuangzi and enjoy their happiness together. If you don't realize it, you can only be satisfied with being an ordinary person.
Laozi said: "the whole world knows that beauty is beauty, and evil has been done;" Everyone knows that good is good and bad is bad. " (Chapter 2 of Laozi) He holds a kind of relative values and thinks that the so-called beauty or goodness in the world are relative. For example, the first place in international beauty contests often does not meet our aesthetic standards, which shows that beauty is relative. When everyone thinks that certain conditions are "beautiful", the so-called "not beautiful" appears. If there were no beauty pageants in Taiwan Province Province, everyone might live happily, because everyone would feel that there is always something to appreciate. Once there is a beauty contest, everyone begins to feel insecure and feels as if they are not up to standard. So is "kindness". If someone donates 654.38+00,000 to the orphanage, everyone will say that he is a good person. In this way, a person without 654.38+00,000 can't be a good person. So, isn't kindness cut off from these people? Laozi's relative values are intended to try to resolve all kinds of unnecessary persistence.
Confucianism is people-oriented, while Taoism transcends people-oriented.
Taoism appeared in the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period. It was troubled times and the people were miserable. One question that people at that time had to think about was: "How can we solve the chaos in the world?" The route taken by Confucianism is political reform, but Taoism thinks that this way, like pot calling the kettle black, may not be effective. Taoism believes that no one can be spared in troubled times. If you want to live, you must change your thinking mode.
The Confucian way of thinking is people-centered, and it should be conceived from the perspective of people, so we must respect and help others, so that human society can develop sustainably. However, the reform of human society through political or educational means will never be completely successful, because a new generation is constantly born, old problems are improved, and new problems will emerge one after another. Moreover, the efforts of a few people to help many people will inevitably have limited results. For example, Confucianism emphasizes that education must be universal so that everyone can receive a proper and good education, which is very difficult. Therefore, the implementation of Confucianism will often make everyone feel very heavy and tired in the end. Even if this generation is reformed, I don't know what the next generation will look like.
Taoism sees through this. They think that people-centered thinking about human problems will ultimately be futile. It is better to change the angle, that is, to surpass human standards. To surpass human standards, we must first let nature take its course and try to avoid man-made objects, because the more man-made objects there are, the more trouble there will be. The so-called "more laws and regulations, more thieves" ("Lao Zi" Chapter 57). The more laws and regulations are designed, the more people break the law; On the contrary, if we don't make laws, naturally there is no such thing as breaking the law, and everyone can live more comfortably. This is the same as what I mentioned before. After setting the standards of truth, goodness and beauty, there will be falsehood, evil and ugliness. On the other hand, if there is no standard, everyone can be happy and comfortable, without deliberately doing good things, because there is no such thing as good things to do; Don't worry about losing face, because all you have to do is live.
Some people think that Zhuangzi's thought is a kind of "vegetarianism", which is actually a misunderstanding. The Taoist thought is that we should strive to get rid of the people-oriented concept, open our eyes and hearts and see everything from the whole universe. Only when people are not bound by time and space can their hearts be free.
Taoism is China's extremely precious spiritual wealth, and their thoughts have brought many inspirations to mankind. For example, one of the most concerned issues of modern people is environmental protection, and because Laozi advocates a natural attitude, many people like to talk about environmental protection with his thoughts.
In this regard, we believe that: first, as long as environmental protection is beneficial to mankind, it should be a pleasure for Laozi to borrow Laozi's ideas to encourage environmental protection. Secondly, in the era when I lived, the problem was not environmental protection, but the collapse of human order, which made people unable to make a living. So I hope everyone will restrain themselves and learn to live a simple life. Thirdly, Lao Tzu advocates indisputable, inaction, and letting nature take its course, leaving everything "as it is" and not deliberately considering any man-made measures, even for environmental protection.
When I was discussing Myth and Tragedy, I said that God created the world and created human beings, but after human beings appeared, they began to bring disasters. Because human beings always take themselves as the center to change nature, in the end, nature begins to fight back. Lao Tzu saw this, so he thought that if people are the center and people's intelligence and ability are used to try to transform nature, this is artificial. Once there are too many artifacts, nature will become unnatural, and finally there will be disaster. Therefore, we must go beyond the people-oriented concept in order to truly solve world problems.
I guess you like it.
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