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5. Discussion: Liang Qichao, a modern Chinese thinker, wrote in "A Commentary on Guanzi" (1909): "Those who rule by law are the extreme track of governance."

I agree. Legalism originated in the pre-Qin Dynasty. They are famous for advocating the rule of law and proposing a complete set of theories and methods. Legalists have made contributions to jurisprudence, and have discussed basic issues such as the origin, essence, and role of law, its relationship with social economy, the requirements of the times, state power, ethics, customs, natural environment, population, and human nature. , and it is very effective. They believed that the emerging landowner class at that time opposed the hereditary privileges of the aristocracy to monopolize economic and political interests, and demanded private ownership of land and the award of official positions based on merit and talent. This was a fair and correct proposition.

Although there is a fundamental difference between the "rule of law" of Legalism and the "rule of law" in the democratic form we advocate now, Legalism rules the country by law rather than by law. Legalism's rule of law is based on the monarch. It is based on autocracy and personal dictatorship, while our modern rule of law is based on democracy. But there is still a lot of their ideas that we today can learn from.