"Anyone who openly commits the crime of anti-Han will be watched from the other side." This sentence comes from Chen Tang, a famous scholar in the Western Han Dynasty.
"I smell the meaning of the world, when mixed into one. Uhaanyehe, a Xiongnu, has always been called a northern vassal, but he only supported Khan's rebellion and did not subdue his koo. Moreover, in Xiaxi, he thought that a strong man could not be a minister. Khan in Zhi Zhi is an evil people, and the great evil is forcing heaven. I prolong my life, and my Tang Jiang is a righteous soldier, taking the ultimate punishment, depending on your majesty's god, combining yin and yang to defeat the enemy and beheading the leader and the famous soldier. You might as well hang a head in the barbarian mansion and show it to Wanli. Those who commit crimes against Han will be punished from afar! "
Chen Tang, Zi Gong, was born in Qiu, Yang Shan County (now North of Yanzhou, Shandong Province) and was a general of the Western Han Dynasty. Chen Tang liked reading when he was a teenager, and his writing ideas were broad. However, due to his poor family and sometimes begging for a living, Chen Tang was not taken seriously by the village. Later, he wandered to Chang 'an and met Fuping Hou Zhangbo, who thought he was very talented. In the second year of Yuan Dynasty (the first 47 years), Emperor Hanyuan issued a letter asking his ministers to recommend young talents, and Jaco recommended Chen Tang to the court. While waiting for the distribution, his father died, and Chen Tang heard of the death and didn't go home. At that time, mourning and filial piety were highly valued. Because of this incident, Chen Tang was accused of lacking the minimum filial piety and not playing according to the routine, so the court condemned Jaco, cut down 200 restaurants in his food city and arrested Chen Tang because of his improper recommendation. Later, it was strongly recommended that Chen Tang was finally appointed as a Langguan. Chen Tang volunteered to be sent abroad. A few years later, he was appointed as the vice captain of the Western Regions Metropolitan Government, and the captain (chief) Gan Yanshou was ordered to be sent to the Western Regions.
At that time, the situation in the western regions was more complicated. During the Xuan Di period, the Huns were in civil strife, and five khans competed for the throne. Among them, Zhikhan annexed Hu Mao, Jiankun and Dingling by force and became increasingly powerful. He first imprisoned Jiang Nai, the envoy of the Han Dynasty, and then killed Ji Gu, the envoy. Zhi Zhi Khan knew that he was defeated by the Han Dynasty, and he was afraid that the Han Dynasty would send troops to retaliate, so he went west to Kangju (now the northern border of Xinjiang to Russian-led Central Asia). King Kangju respected Zhi Zhi and married his daughter to him. Zhi Zhi attacked neighboring Wusun many times, and went deep into Chigucheng (now west of Xiaoyi County, Shaanxi Province) to kill and rob livestock and plunder property. Wu Sun didn't dare to strike back, so he fled from a distance, so Zhi Zhi had a sphere of influence thousands of miles away, thought he was the master of a big country, and didn't respect King Kangju very much. He even killed hundreds of people, including his daughter and nobles, and dismembered some bodies and threw them into the water. At the same time, he sent envoys to Hefei, Suzhou, Dawan and other countries, threatening them to pay tribute to him every year. Those small countries are afraid to give them away. The Han Dynasty also sent messengers to Kangzhou three times to ask for the bodies of Ji Gu and others. Zhi Zhi not only refused to give it to them, but also insulted China's envoy and said sarcastically, "If you are in trouble, I am willing to go back to Hebei and send my son to serve." ("Han Shu? Fu Chang, Ambassador China recognized his implication and his ambition to replace the emperor, which was really arrogant.
Chen Tang and Gan Yanshou learned about Khan's situation and sent troops to the Western Regions in three years (the first 36 years).
Chen Tang is a person who is "brave and has a big picture, has many plans and likes to make great achievements". ("Han Shu? Fu Chang, Gan Zheng, Chen Duanchuan) Whenever he passes a town, a mountain or a big river, he climbs high to look at it, carefully observes and remembers it. This time I went to the western regions, there was only one escort army, not an expedition army. When they left the country, Chen Tang said to Gan Yanshou, "Zhi Zhi Khan is a cruel man. He is the leader of the Western Regions. If he continues to develop, it will be a disaster for the western regions. Now he lives far away, there is no city to hold on to, and there are no soldiers who are good at using strong crossbows. If we gather the soldiers who are guarding the frontier and then ask the soldiers from Wusun and other countries to attack Zhi Zhi directly, he will not be able to hold on, and there is nothing to hide. This is a golden opportunity for us to make great achievements! "Gan Yanshou think his analysis is very reasonable, he said to please the court agreed to act again. Chen Tang said: "This is a bold plan. Those court officials are ordinary people. Once they discuss it, they will definitely think it is not feasible. " Gan Yanshou thought about it for a moment, and when he was ill, he went through the formalities of playing invitation. Chen Shang waited day after day. In his anxiety, he resolutely took the measure of spreading the imperial edict falsely and mobilized Tian Bing and chariots in the Han Dynasty. Gan Yanshou was shocked to learn the news from his deathbed. He wants to stop Shang Chen's illegal behavior immediately. Shang Chen grasped the hilt angrily and threatened to prolong his life: "The army has assembled. Do you still want to stop it? What kind of general is it if you don't seize fighters and attack? " Gan Yanshou had to obey him, led more than 40,000 soldiers from all walks of life, stipulated a unified order, organized a team sequence, and marched north with great fanfare.
Gan Yanshou and Chen Tang split up into six schools, and the third school took South Road, crossed Qingling (west of Karakorum Mountain) and crossed Dawan; The other three factions took the north road and entered Gu Chi. After Wusun and Kangju, Chen Tang captured the relatives and some nobles of Kangju Vice King along the way. After explanation, they were willing to be tour guides and introduced the situation in Zhi Zhi in detail. Then, the army went straight to the water of Zhi Zhi City, and camped three miles away from the city. I saw colorful flags flying above the city, and hundreds of armored soldiers boarded the top of the garrison, and some waved to the Han army. After observing in the morning, Gan Yanshou ordered the sergeant to surround the city on all sides, shot the soldiers guarding the city with arrows, and started a duet. When Zhi Zhi Khan got the news of the attack of the Han army, he first planned to escape, because he suspected that Kangju people had a grudge against him, and there should be someone in the Han army. But when he heard that Wusun and other countries also sent troops to the war, he felt cornered. I took some people out and came back and said, "It's better to stick to it. The Han soldiers are far away and cannot attack for a long time. " ("Han Shu? Fuchang interventions Chen Duan biography ").
When Han soldiers violently attacked the city, Zhi Zhi Khan went into battle with dozens of wives and concubines, and his wives and concubines also drew bows and shot arrows. The arrow that attacked the city hit several of his wives and concubines and hit him on the nose. Zhi Zhi got angry and rode back to his palace downstairs. The next day, Shang Chen ordered the soldiers to set fire everywhere and beat drums and cheered. The Han army braved fireworks to break through the outer fence and took the opportunity to rush into Tucheng. There are only hundreds of men and women and some officials around Khan, and there is no resistance. Han soldiers fought bravely to kill the enemy and stabbed Zhi to death. Du Xun, the commander-in-chief, beheaded Zhi Zhi Khan, rescued two envoys of the Han Dynasty from prison, and searched the palace for documents and letters brought by the late envoy Ji Gu. Soldiers who entered the city searched the enemy's situation, killed wives and concubines 15 18, knighted princes and ministers 145, and captured officials 145. In addition, more than 1000 enemy soldiers were captured and handed over to the forces of small countries involved in the fight against Zhi Zhi.
This victory ended the hundred-year war between the Western Han Dynasty and the Xiongnu, avenged the death and humiliation of China's envoys, and enhanced the prestige of the Han Dynasty in western countries. After the war, Gan Yanshou and immediately wrote to the imperial court and sent people back to Chang 'an with the head of Zhi. & ltbr & gt
Just as Gan Yanshou and Shang Chen led the soldiers home in triumph, the school guards (law enforcement officers) from North Korea also set out from Chang 'an. They stopped Shang Chen on the road and examined him. It turned out that Shang Chen had been greedy for money after the capture of Zhi Zhi City, and a large amount of property was seized, and Chen Shang secretly hid a large amount of gold and silver treasures. The insider reported the matter to the court when he was in the Western Regions, so a captain of Li Si University blocked the road and searched. Chen Tang immediately wrote to the emperor and said, "I am not far from the soldiers." Wan Li killed Zhi Zhi Khan. It stands to reason that the imperial court should send messengers to comfort and welcome the army. Now it is Li Si who comes to check, interrogate and arrest me. Isn't this revenge for Zhi Zhi? " The emperor ordered the withdrawal of Li Si, and ordered the county towns along the road to set up food and wine passages to welcome the victorious troops across the border.
After the return to the DPRK, when rewarding according to merit, Shixian and Kuang Heng thought that the imperial edict of monk Gan Yanshou in the morning was untrue and sinful, so it was ok to reward according to merit. If the title is rewarded again, then future diplomatic envoys abroad will follow suit, which will inevitably cause much ado about nothing and embarrass the country. Yuan Di thinks it makes sense, but he also wants to reward those who have made contributions, so the matter is discussed without decision, and it is delayed again and again. Zong Zheng Liu Xiang believes that it is unfair to treat Gan Yanshou and Monk Chen only by virtue. He also wrote to the emperor, specifically evaluating the difficulty and significance of eliminating the branch. He thought that Gan and Chen were "kings of all the barbarians, soldiers with battlements, who died a hundred times and entered the territory, so he followed Shuzhai, slaughtered five cities, raised Hou Qi and cut off branches. The county is thousands of miles away, and Kunshan is promoted in the west. When Uhaanyehe saw that Zhi Zhi was punished, he was both happy and afraid. He was just in rural customs, bowed to his knees, and was willing to keep the northland and be a vassal from generation to generation. It takes a thousand years to establish eternal peace, which is no big deal for ministers "("Han Shufu? V8 eating dew, he cited the classics to demonstrate, and compared with the previous generation and contemporary heroes to clarify his point of view? I'm afraid of it, but I'm afraid of it
Therefore, Yuan Di issued a letter to pardon Gan Yanshou and Monk Chen's false imperial edict, and asked his ministers to discuss the matter of raising troops. Shi Xian and Kuang Heng still stick to their ideas. But in the end, Yuan Di named Gan Yanshou as the righteous Hou, gave Shang Chen the title of Shanhaiguan Hou, gave 300 households and 100 Jin of gold to each food city, worshipped Shang Chen as a captain of Sheyin and extended his life as a captain of Changshui. After Liu Ao acceded to the throne, Prime Minister Kuang Heng told Emperor Cheng that although he was pardoned, he should not have an official position, so he was dismissed. Later, he wrote to become emperor, saying that the prince sent by Kangju Wang to the Han Dynasty (named Shizi, which actually means hostage) was not a real prince. Emperor Cheng ordered people to verify that it was really a true prince. If the prince is false, which proves that King Kangju cheated the Han Dynasty, and it has been verified, then Chen Shang is guilty of false accusation, even cheating the king. Chen Tang was arrested and imprisoned, ready to be executed. At this time, Gu Yong, the doctor of Taizhong, wrote a letter to become emperor, praising Chen Tang's achievements and quoting Zhou Shu's words: "Remember the merits of others, forget their mistakes, and be a monarch." He urged the emperor to have mercy. So Chen Tang was released by Emperor Cheng Amnesty, but his title was cancelled and he became an ordinary soldier.
A few years later, the capital section of the western regions was besieged by Wusun military forces, and Duan sent people to ask the court to send troops to rescue as soon as possible. Prime Minister Wang Shang, General Wang Feng and officials discussed for several days, but there was still no result. Wang Feng suggested to Emperor Cheng and invited Chen Shang to help plan. Emperor Cheng immediately summoned Shang Chen. When Chen Shang attacked Zhi Zhi, he suffered from rheumatism and his arms could not flex. Therefore, when he came to see the emperor, the emperor first wrote a letter without bowing so that he could read the emergency letter written in paragraph. Chen Tang declined, saying, "Nine ministers are all out, which is not big enough." ("Han Shu? "The Biography of Fuchang, Ganzheng and Chen Duan") When Emperor Cheng heard that there was resentment in his words, he said, "The country is in a hurry and we can't let it go. Chen Tang said, "I don't think there is anything to worry about." "Emperor asked him why he said that. He replied: "Generally speaking, five Hu Bing soldiers are equivalent to one Han soldier, because their weapons are primitive and bulky, and their bows and arrows are not sharp. Now they also learn the skills of Han soldiers, and their swords and arrows are better, but they can still calculate their combat effectiveness by three to one. Now the Wusun military forces besieging Hui Zong are not enough to defeat Hui Zong, so your majesty can rest assured. Even if troops are sent to rescue, Qingqi can walk an average of 50 miles a day, and heavy riding can only walk 30 miles, which is not an emergency soldier at all. "Chen Tang knew that Wusun's army was a rabble and could not attack for a long time, so he calculated the date and said," Now the siege there has been lifted. There will be good news in five days. After four days, the army reported that it had been cleaned up by Wu. General Wang Feng deeply felt that Chen Tang was experienced and useful through this incident, so he asked the emperor to use Chen Tang and let him make a military decision. Shang Chen strictly abides by the law and adopts everyone's opinions, which is a quite common style. However, he often accepted bribes from others and eventually lost his reputation. Chen Tang was demoted to Shu Ren and moved to Dunhuang. After living in Dunhuang for several years, the magistrate wrote to the court, saying, "Chen Tang used to punish wise men for their worries, but now he has been exiled to Shu Ren, which is not suitable for living in the frontier." So he moved to Anding (now Guyuan County, Gansu Province). Geng Yan saw that Chen Tang was in a bad situation, and wrote to the emperor to explain his achievements, explaining: "In today's country, Xiao Jun's minister of capturing the enemy is second to Chen Tanger. "He was left out in the cold and suffered misfortune because of the exclusion and blow of jealous ministers, and he begged the emperor to take care of him. The emperor ordered Shang Chen to move back to Chang 'an and died soon.
A few years later, after Wang Mang came to power, he named Chen Tang as a broken huzhuang Hou, his son Chen Feng as a broken Hu Hou and a beggar Hou.
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