The ancient and modern poems and essays that embody the excellent Chinese culture, patriotic sentiments and reflect the positive spirit of the times are as follows:

1. "The Analects" - Confucius.

The Analects of Confucius is a classic work by Confucius, which contains rich philosophy of life, moral norms and governance concepts. Among them, "Do not do to others what you do not want others to do to you" embodies the Confucian thought of "benevolence" and emphasizes the care and respect between people.

2. "The Theory of Love and Lotus" - Zhou Dunyi.

"The Theory of Love Lotus" expresses the author's pursuit of noble character and emphasizes people's moral quality and self-improvement. Among them, "coming out of the mud but not stained, washing the clear ripples without being evil" expresses the importance of maintaining one's original intention and not being disturbed by the outside world.

3. "Climbing the Stork Tower" - Wang Zhihuan.

"Climbing the Stork Tower" is a poem describing the magnificent mountains and rivers, expressing the poet's love for the motherland and his profound understanding of life. Among them, "If you want to see farther, reach a higher level" means the spirit of continuous improvement and pursuit of higher goals.

4. "Song of Lime" - Yu Qian.

"Song of Lime" is a poem that expresses people's strong will and noble qualities. "Don't be afraid of being shattered into pieces, but stay innocent in the world" expresses the spirit of sticking to one's beliefs even at the cost of life. .

5. "Crossing the Lingding Ocean" - Wen Tianxiang.

"Crossing the Lingding Ocean" is a poem expressing patriotic feelings. "Who has never died since ancient times? Leave a loyal heart to illuminate history" expresses the poet's determination to sacrifice his life for the country and the people.

6. "Red Cliff Ode" - Su Shi.

"Red Cliff Ode" expresses the poet's profound thinking on history and life. Among them, "A mayfly is placed in the heaven and earth, a drop in the vast ocean" expresses the insignificance and shortness of human beings in the universe, and also embodies the poet's deep thoughts on history and life. Reflections on the impermanence and changes of life.

7. "Spring Hope" - Du Fu.

"Spring View" is a poem that describes the cruelty of war. "The country is broken, the mountains and rivers are still there, and the city is springy and the vegetation is deep" expresses that although the country has been ravaged by war, the mountains and rivers remain the same, and the vegetation remains the same, which means that the country and the tenacity and tenacity of the nation.

8. "The Song of Thatched Cottage Broken by the Autumn Wind" - Du Fu.

"Song of Thatched Cottage Broken by the Autumn Wind" is a poem that expresses the poet's concern for the sufferings of the people and the fate of the country. In it, "There are tens of thousands of mansions, and the poor people in the world will be happy" expresses the poet's willingness The spirit of striving to improve people's lives.

9. "The Story of Yueyang Tower" - Fan Zhongyan.

"Yueyang Tower" is an article describing the scenery of Yueyang Tower. "Be worried about the world's worries first, and be happy after the world's happiness" expresses the author's deep emotions and sense of responsibility for the country and people.

10. "The Master's Guide" - Zhuge Liang.

"Departure Watch" is a memorial written by Zhuge Liang for his expedition, expressing his loyalty to the country and his gratitude to Liu Bei. Among them, "Dedicate yourself till death" reflects his dedication and loyalty.