"How much are the sorrows? A river of tobacco, the wind in the city, and the yellow plums in the rain." means - if you want to ask how deep and long my sadness is? Just like the endless green grass, catkins flying all over the city and the drizzle when the plums turn yellow.
Source of the work
"How many leisure and sorrows are there? A Sichuan tobacco, the city is filled with wind, and the plums are yellow and rainy." It comes from "He Zhu·Sapphire Case", which is written by He Zhu, a poet in the Song Dynasty. Zhu's works are included in "Complete Song Ci".
Original text of the work
Version 1
The Sapphire Case
Lingbo could not reach Hengtang Road, but he watched Fangchen go. Who will spend the golden years? Yueqiao Garden, with its narrow windows and red doors, is the only place where spring is known.
The flying clouds slowly come into view at dusk, and the colorful pen inscribes new heart-breaking sentences. How much leisure time do you have? Yichuan tobacco, the city is full of wind and rain, and plums are yellow and rainy.
Version 2
The Sapphire Case
Lingbo could not reach Hengtang Road, but watched Fangchen go. Who will spend the golden years? The flower pavilion on the platform, the small windows and red doors, are the only places where spring is known.
The blue clouds slowly rise into the twilight sky, and the colorful pen inscribes new heart-breaking sentences. How much leisure and sorrow do you have? Yichuan tobacco, the city is full of wind and rain, and plums are yellow and rainy.
Word annotation
⑴ Qingyu Case: the name of the word brand. Zhang Heng's "Poetry of Four Sorrows" of the Han Dynasty: "A beauty gave me a beautiful piece, why should I repay it with a sapphire case?" Because it is named after the tune. Sixty-seven characters, with five oblique rhymes in the front and back parts. There are also those who do not use rhyme in the fifth sentence.
⑵ Lingbo: describes a woman’s light gait. "Ode to the Goddess of Luo" by Cao Zhi of the Three Kingdoms Dynasty: "Lingbo steps slightly, and the socks are dusty."
⑶Fang Chen Gone: refers to the beauty has gone.
⑷Jinsehuanian: refers to the beautiful period of youth. Jinse: A se decorated with colorful patterns. "Jin Se" by Li Shangyin of the Tang Dynasty: "The Jin Se has fifty strings for no reason, each string and one column reflects the past."
⑸Yueqiao Garden: One work is "Model Flower Pavilion". Moon Bridge: A small arch bridge like the moon. Garden: A courtyard surrounded by flowers and trees.
⑹Suo window: a window carved with Suo patterns. Zhuhu: Vermilion gate.
⑺Fei: One is "Bi". Ran Ran: Refers to the slow movement of clouds. Henggao (hénggāo): high ground in the swamp where herbs grow.
⑻Colored pen: a metaphor for writing talent. "Southern History·Jiang Yan's Biography": "... (Yan) stayed in Yeting, and dreamed that a husband called himself Guo Pu, and said to Yan: 'I have a pen that has been with you for many years, and I can return it to you.' Yan was exploring his feelings. I won one of the five colored pens and gave it to him. "Heartbroken sentence: a sad poem."
⑼ Just ask: First, "if you ask". Xianchou: One word is "leisure". How much: How much is the total.
⑽Yichuan: everywhere, one piece.
⑾Plum yellow rain: There are continuous rains in the Jiangnan area in early summer when the plums are ripe, commonly known as "Meiyu". The first volume of "Sui Sui Guang Ji" quotes "Donggao Zalu": ??"A poem by a later Tang Dynasty poet said: 'The scenery is beautiful after the neem flowers bloom, and the rain is heavy when the plums are yellow.'"
Translation of the work
You walked lightly but refused to come to Hengtang. I still watched you take away the fragrance. Who are you spending this wonderful time with? The red doors of the Moon Bridge Flower House reflect the beautiful flower windows. Only the spring breeze knows where you live.
In the dim dusk of Du Hengzhou with fluttering blue clouds, I wrote this sad line of poetry with a colored pen. If you want to ask me how deep and long my sadness is? Just like the endless green grass and flying catkins all over the city, or like the continuous drizzle when the plums turn yellow.
Creative background
This word expresses the author's "leisure" through the description of the scenery in late spring. The first part describes the melancholy scene of meeting a beautiful woman on the road but not knowing where she is going, and also implicitly reveals her feelings of sinking into subordinates and not being able to appreciate her talents; the second part describes the endless sorrow caused by yearning, expressing the lonely and difficult-to-express emotions of living in seclusion. The whole word expresses the feeling of lovesickness, but actually expresses the "sorrow" of being frustrated and frustrated. The idea is novel and the imagination is rich, and it has always been widely read.
Appreciation of the work
This poem expresses the author's "idle sorrow" through the description of the scenery in late spring. The first part is about deep and constant love, and it is difficult to express lovesickness; the second part is about sadness caused by love, and there are many sorrows and thoughts. The whole word expresses the feeling of lovesickness, but actually expresses the "sorrow" of being frustrated and frustrated.
The idea was novel and could arouse people's imagination, making it a famous piece that was recited at that time.
He Zhu’s nickname “He Meizi” comes from the last sentence of this poem. This shows the great influence of this poem.
"Lingbo couldn't reach Hengtang Road, but he watched Fangchen go." Hengtang is outside the city of Suzhou. Gong Mingzhi's "Zhongwu Jiwen" records: "There is a small building more than ten miles outside Panmen, Gusu. The place name is Hengtang. Fang Hui went back and forth between it." It is the author's seclusion. Lingbo comes from Cao Zhi's "Luo Shen Fu": "Lingbo steps slightly, and the socks are dusty." This means that the beauty's footsteps hurriedly walked in front of the Hengtang, and the author could only watch her beautiful figure fade away from a distance. Based on this unattainable regret, the author developed rich imagination and speculated on how that wonderful beauty lived. "Who will spend the golden years?" Li Shangyin's poem "Fifty strings of golden strings for no reason, one string and one column reminds me of the golden years". The next sentence is self-questioning and self-answering, and it is written with infinite tenderness that what accompanies a beautiful woman to spend such a wonderful time, besides the unconscious and gorgeous residence, is the annual spring. This kind of imagination that spans time and space is both fictional and true.
The first film begins with an unexpected encounter with a beautiful woman, while the second film inherits the meaning of the lyrics from the previous film, recalling the melancholy feelings of a beautiful woman alone in a secluded boudoir. The phrase "flying clouds" means that the beauty stood there for a long time, until the twilight enveloped the surrounding scenery, and then she suddenly woke up. I couldn't help but feel sad, so I took up pen and wrote a heart-breaking poem. Henggao, the waterside highland where herbs grow, refers to the residence of beauties. "Colored pen" is used here to refer to beauty, talent and superb talent. So, why did the beauty inscribe "Heartbroken Sentence"? So there is the next sentence: "How much leisure and sorrow do you have?" The advantage of the "May I ask" sentence is that it also contains the word "xian". "Idle sorrow" means not sorrow of separation or sorrow of poverty. It is precisely because of "leisure" that we are aimless, boundless, misty, elusive, but everywhere and all the time. This kind of image that seems to be both real and illusory is only comparable to that of "a river of tobacco, the wind in the city, and the yellow plums in the rain". The author has a clever touch and uses metaphorical rhetoric to transform the intangible into tangible, abstract into image, and elusive into tangible and qualitative, which shows his superhuman artistic talent and superb artistic expression. King Kaiyun of the Qing Dynasty said: "A sentence lasts for a month, not a moment." He was praising the beauty of the last sentence.
He Zhu spent his whole life repressed by his subordinates and never recognized his talents. He only served as some minor officials such as a right-level palace minister, supervisor of the military arsenal door, and Lincheng liquor tax, and finally became an official as Chengyi Lang. It was a common practice of feudal literati to express their political frustrations in poetry. Therefore, combined with He Zhu's life, this poem may also have some sustenance. He Zhu was an upright person and did not flatter the powerful. "Beauty" and "vanilla" have always been symbols of noble people. Therefore, the author may compare himself to this. The cold and lonely beauty who lives by the grassland is a portrayal of the author's unrecognized talent. In this sense, the reason why this poem has been highly praised by literati in the past dynasties is that "sympathizing with each other" is probably also an important reason. Of course, it is okay to regard it as a love poem, which expresses the pursuit of beautiful emotions and the elusive melancholy. No matter from which angle it is understood, the thoughts and feelings expressed in this poem are "very close to my heart" for people in the feudal era. This is the key to the strong vitality of this poem.
Comments by famous experts
Zhou Zizhi's "Zhupo Poetry Talk": He Fanghui wrote "The Sapphire Case", which contains the sentence "Plums yellow and rainy days". Everyone accepted his work, and the scholar-bureaucrats said "He Meizi".
Luo Dajing's "Helin Jade Dew": He Fang replied: "How much leisure and sorrow are there? A river of tobacco, the city is full of wind and catkins, and the plums are yellow and rainy." Because there are many sorrows among the three, it is particularly novel. There is a comparison in both excitement and meaning, and it has a longer meaning.
Shen Qian's "Miscellaneous Comments on Lyrics": "A river of tobacco fills the city with wind and rain, and the plums are yellow and rainy." Not only is he good at expressing sorrow, he is also good at describing trivial matters.
Written first, Cheng Hong's "Ci Jie": Fang Hui's "Qing Jade Case" is so wonderful that there is no trace of it, and the sentence ideas are also present, but thousands of people can't take pictures together.
Shen Jifei's "Yu Zheng Collection of Thatched Cottage Poems": Three overlapping lines of leisurely sorrow are truly a masterpiece!
Liu Xizai's "Art Introduction": He Fang's reply to "The Sapphire Case" contains four lines: "How much leisure and sorrow are there? A Sichuan tobacco, the city is full of wind and catkins, and the plums are yellow and rainy."
"The whole advantage of the last sentence lies in the call of "Question" and the use of it together with the two sentences "Yichuan".
Wang Fangjun's "Appreciation of Tang and Song Ci": He Zhu retired to Suzhou in his later years and stayed outside the city. There is a residence ten miles away in Hengtang, and the poet often travels there. This poem was written at this time and place, and it caused the author to express his feelings about life. p>
He Zhu (1052-1125) was a poet in the Northern Song Dynasty. He was also known as He Sanchou, and was known as He Meizi. He was a native of Weizhou (now Ji County, Henan Province). Sun, married to the daughter of the same clan, claimed that her distant ancestor lived in Shanyin and was a descendant of He Zhizhang of the Tang Dynasty. Zhizhang lived in Qinghu (i.e. Jinghu), so he was named Qinghu Yilao. He was educated in Youbandian when he was young. Zhi, Yuan Youzhong served as general magistrate of Sizhou and Taiping Prefecture. Ren Xia liked martial arts and liked to talk about worldly affairs. Although he wanted power for a while, he was not satisfied with it and he retired to Suzhou in his later years. Du Men is a scholar. He is not attached to powerful people, but he likes to talk about world affairs.
He Zhu is a poet with a very unique personality and writing style. He has two completely opposite sides. There is a harmonious unity in his body and in his words. He has an ugly appearance, is seven feet tall, has a complexion as black as iron, and has lofty eyebrows. He is known as "He Guitou"; "Love". He is bold and capable, like a martial arts swordsman. "When he was young, he was full of chivalry, galloping horses and running dogs, drinking like a whale." However, he is also knowledgeable and capable of memorizing, reading everything in books. He has thousands of books at home, and he has his own hands. Xiaoyu, "It's like a cold and bitter scholar" (Cheng Ju's "Preface to the Collection of Poems by He Fanghui").