What have animals given us to learn from butterflies? The colorful colors of butterflies, such as butterflies with double moon patterns, butterflies with brown veins, especially butterflies with fluorescent wings, suddenly turn into gold, green and blue in the sun. Scientists have brought great benefits to military defense by studying the color of butterflies. During World War II, the Germans surrounded Leningrad in an attempt to destroy its military targets and other defense facilities with bombers. Schwarzenegger, an entomologist in the Soviet Union, put forward the principle that the color of butterflies is not easy to be found in flowers, and covered military facilities with butterfly-like camouflage. Therefore, despite the German efforts, the military base in Leningrad remained intact, which laid a solid foundation for winning the final victory. According to the same principle, people later produced camouflage uniforms, which greatly reduced the casualties in the battle. The constant change of satellite position in space will cause a sudden change of temperature, sometimes the temperature difference can be as high as two or three hundred degrees, which seriously affects the normal work of many instruments. Inspired by the fact that the scales on the butterfly will automatically change their angles with the direction of sunlight to adjust their body temperature, scientists have made the temperature control system of the satellite into a louver style, which has different radiation and heat dissipation capabilities. A temperature-sensitive metal wire is installed at the rotating position of each window, which can adjust the opening and closing of the window with the change of temperature, so as to keep the internal temperature of the satellite constant and solve a major problem in the aerospace industry. Beetles Beetles can spray smelly high-temperature liquid "shells" in self-defense to confuse, stimulate and scare the enemy. After dissection, scientists found that there are three chambers in the beetle body, which store dihydric phenol solution, hydrogen peroxide and biological enzyme respectively. Diphenol and hydrogen peroxide flow into the third chamber and mix with biological enzyme to have a chemical reaction, which instantly becomes venom at 100℃ and is quickly ejected. This principle has been applied to military technology at present. During World War II, the German Nazis made a new engine with huge power and safe and reliable performance according to this mechanism, which was installed on cruise missiles, making it fly faster, safer and more stable, and improving the hit rate. London, England suffered heavy losses when it was bombed. American military experts have developed advanced binary weapons inspired by the principle of beetle spraying. This weapon contains two or more chemicals that can produce toxins in two separate containers. After the shell was launched, the diaphragm broke and two toxic intermediates were separated at 8? /kloc-Mixed reaction within 0/0 second, producing deadly venom to kill the enemy at the moment of reaching the target. They are easy to produce, store and transport, safe and not easy to fail. Fireflies can directly convert chemical energy into light energy, and the conversion efficiency reaches 100%, while the luminous efficiency of ordinary electric lamps is only 6%. The cold light source made by people imitating the luminous principle of fireflies can improve luminous efficiency by more than ten times and save energy greatly. In addition, an air-to-ground speedometer based on beetle apparent motion response mechanism has been successfully applied to aviation. Dragonflies Dragonflies can generate local unstable airflow different from the surrounding atmosphere through the vibration of their wings, and use the vortex generated by the airflow to lift themselves up. Dragonflies can soar under a small thrust, not only forward, but also backward and left and right, and its forward flight speed can reach 72 km/h. In addition, the flight behavior of dragonflies is simple, with only two pairs of wings flapping constantly. Scientists have successfully developed a helicopter based on this structural foundation. When an airplane flies at high speed, it often causes violent vibration, and sometimes even breaks its wings, causing the airplane to crash. Dragonflies are safe when flying at high speed, so people follow the example of dragonflies and add weights to the two wings of the plane to solve the thorny problem of vibration caused by high-speed flight. In order to study the aerodynamics and flight efficiency of gliding flight and collision, a mobile wing (wing) model with four-blade drive and remote horizontal control was developed, and the flight parameters were tested in the wind tunnel for the first time. The second model tries to install a wing flying at a faster frequency, reaching the speed of 18 vibrations per second. What is different is that this model adopts a device that can variably adjust the phase difference between the front and rear wings. The central and long-term goal of this research is to study the performance of aircraft driven by "wing" and compare it with the efficiency of aircraft driven by traditional propeller. The fly housefly is special because its flying skills are very fast and it is difficult to be caught by humans. Even behind it, it is difficult to get close to it. It imagines every situation, is very careful and can move quickly. So, how did it do it? Entomologists found that the back wings of flies degenerated into a pair of balance bars. When it flies, the balance bar vibrates mechanically at a certain frequency, which can adjust the movement direction of its wings. It is a navigator to keep the balance of flies. Scientists have developed a new generation of navigators based on this principle? Vibrating gyroscope greatly improves the flight performance of aircraft, which can make the aircraft automatically stop the dangerous rolling flight when the body is strongly inclined and automatically restore the balance, even when the aircraft is in the most complicated sharp turn. The fly's compound eye contains 4000 single eyes that can be imaged independently, and the object can be seen clearly in 360 degrees. Inspired by the fly's eye, people made a fly's eye camera consisting of 1329 small lenses, which can take 1329 high-resolution photos at one time. It is widely used in military, medical, aviation and aerospace fields. Flies have a particularly sensitive sense of smell and can quickly analyze dozens of smells and respond immediately. According to the structure of flies' olfactory organs, scientists have converted various chemical reactions into electric pulses, and made a very sensitive small gas analyzer, which is widely used in spacecraft, submarines, mines and other gas components, making the safety factor of scientific research and production more accurate and reliable. Electric fish and Volt battery Many creatures in nature can generate electricity, and there are more than 500 species of fish alone. People call these discharging fish "electric fish". All kinds of electric fish have different discharge skills. Electric ray, electric catfish and electric eel have the strongest discharge ability. Medium-sized torpedoes can generate about 70 volts, while African torpedoes can generate up to 220 volts; African electric catfish can generate 350 volts; Electric eels can generate 500 volts. There is a South American electric eel that can generate up to 880 volts, and it is called the champion of electric shock. It is said that it can kill big animals like horses. Where is the mystery of electric fish discharge? Through the anatomical study of the electric fish, it is finally found that there is a strange power generation organ in the electric fish. These generators are made up of many translucent disk-shaped batteries, called electric plates or disks. Due to the different types of electric fish, the shape, position and quantity of the electric plates of the generator are also different. The generator of electric eel is prismatic and located in the muscles on both sides of the caudate spine. The torpedo generator is shaped like a flat kidney, arranged on both sides of the body midline, with 2 million electric plates. The generator of electric catfish originated from some kind of gland, located between skin and muscle, with about 5 million electric plates. The voltage generated by a single plate is very weak, but because there are many plates, the voltage generated is very large. The extraordinary skills of electric fish have aroused great interest. /kloc-at the beginning of 0/9th century, Italian physicist Volt designed the world's earliest voltaic battery based on electric fish power generation organ. Because this kind of battery is designed according to the natural generator of electric fish, the research of electric fish called "artificial electric officer" also gives people such enlightenment: if the power generation organ of electric fish can be successfully imitated, then the power problem of ships and submarines can be solved well. Jellyfish ears "Swallows fly low and rain, cicadas sing in the rain." The behavior of living things is related to the change of weather. Fishermen along the coast know that fish and jellyfish living along the coast swim to the sea in batches, which indicates that a storm is coming. Jellyfish, also known as jellyfish, is an ancient coelenterate that floated in the ocean as early as 500 million years ago. This lower animal has the instinct to predict storms, and every time before the storm warning, it will swim to the sea to take refuge. It turns out that in the blue ocean, infrasound (frequency is 8? 13 times), always a prelude to storm warning. This infrasound is inaudible to the human ear, but the little jellyfish is very sensitive. Bionics found that there is a thin handle in the ear cavity of jellyfish, a small ball on the handle, and a small auditory stone in the ball. When the infrasound before the storm hit the auditory stone in the jellyfish's ear, the auditory stone stimulated the nerve receptors on the ball wall, so the jellyfish heard the rumble of the coming storm. Bionics imitates the structure and function of jellyfish ears, designs a storm predictor for jellyfish ears, and accurately simulates the organs that jellyfish feel infrasound. This instrument is installed on the front deck of the ship. When it receives the infrasound wave of the storm, it can automatically stop the horn rotating 360 degrees, and the direction it refers to is the direction of the storm. The reading on the indicator can show the intensity of the storm. This forecaster can forecast storms 15 hours in advance, which is of great significance to navigation and fishery safety.

First of all, bionic

1。 A very strange small gas analyzer was successfully copied from annoying flies. It has been installed in the cockpit of the spacecraft to detect the composition of the gas in the cabin.

2。 From fireflies to artificial luminescence;

3。 Electric fish and volt batteries;

4。 The windward ear of jellyfish imitates the structure and function of jellyfish ear, and designs a storm predictor of jellyfish ear, which can predict the storm 15 hours in advance, which is of great significance to navigation and fishery safety.

5. electronic frog eyes

6。 According to the principle of bat ultrasonic locator, people also copied "Pathfinder" for the blind. This pathfinder is equipped with an ultrasonic transmitter, which blind people can use to find telephone poles, steps, people on bridges, etc. Nowadays, "ultrasonic glasses" with similar functions have also been made.

7。 By simulating the incomplete photosynthetic mechanism of cyanobacteria, a bionic photolysis device was designed to obtain a large amount of hydrogen.

8。 According to the study of human skeletal muscle system and bioelectricity control, a human strength enhancer-walking machine is copied.

9。 The hook of modern crane originated from the claws of many animals.

10。 Corrugated roofs imitate animal scales.

1 1。 Paddles imitate the fins of fish.

12。 Saw mantis arms, or saw grass.

13。 The plants of Xanthium were inspired to invent velcro.

14。 Lobster with keen sense of smell provides people with the idea of making odor detectors.

15。 Gecko toes provide an encouraging prospect for manufacturing reusable adhesive tape.

16。 The colloid formed by shellfish and protein is very strong, and this colloid can be used in everything from surgical suture to ship repair.

17。 Radar using bat echo positioning system

18。 Australian Opera House with Shell Structure

19。 Spacesuit with giraffe structure

20。 Shark-skin swimsuit

......

Second, the importance of teamwork.

1, ant: Ant is a typical social insect, which has three elements of social insects, that is, individuals of the same species can cooperate with each other to take care of their larvae; Have a clear division of labor system; And future generations can take care of the previous generation for a while. Ants develop into complete metamorphosis. All ants live in social groups. Generally speaking, there are four different kinds of ants in a group. L, queen ant; 2. Male ant 3. Worker ant 4. soldier ant

2. Wolf: Wolf is one of the most orderly and disciplined animals in the animal kingdom. It shows a strong team spirit. The wolf's team spirit is manifested in the following aspects: 1. Overall and individual: the social order of wolves is very firm, and each member understands his role and status. All actions depend on the position of each member of the pack. The reason for howling is to provide time, occasion and opportunity to break all the hierarchical boundaries. When wolves howl together, all the hierarchy boundaries disappear. 6. Wolves are good at communication. They are one of the most sociable animals. They don't just rely on a single way of communication. Instead, they need to use various methods. They howl, rub their noses against each other, lick with their tongues, adopt dominant or subordinate body posture, and use complex and subtle body language including lips, eyes, facial expressions and tail position or smell to convey information.

3. Lions: Lions are social animals. A lion group usually consists of 4- 12 related lionesses, their children and 1-6 lions. These lions are often related by blood, such as brothers. The size of a lion depends on its habitat and the number of prey. Lions in East Africa tend to be bigger because there is plenty of food there. The largest lion may gather 30 or more members, but most lions maintain about 15 members, and smaller lions are also common. Members of the lions don't always stay together, but they enjoy their territory and get along well with each other. For example, lionesses lick each other's fur, nurse and look after their children, and of course, hunt together.

...........

Third, specific spiritual wealth.

1, Dog: "Man and dog are one", and the harmony between man and nature is also the proper meaning of building a harmonious society. The dog's loyalty, intelligence, courage and extraordinary skill have established its "due" status, especially those rare dog breeds, which have made magic and contributions to dogs in many fields such as quarantine, security inspection, drug control, criminal investigation, search and rescue, and blind guidance. Genghis Khan once led hundreds of thousands of mastiffs across Europe, which became an eternal beauty talk. In this sense, dogs are "good friends" of human beings. With dogs, human beings will be safer, and with dogs, life will be more meaningful.

Therefore, cherishing, protecting, developing and utilizing "dog resources" for the benefit of society has naturally become a self-evident blessing and responsibility of human beings, and the spiritual quality of dogs is more worthy of our exploration, reference and promotion.

2. Plum blossom:

The plum blossom, the first of the twenty-four flowers, has green ice branches, elegant shadow, beautiful fragrance and early flowering. "Xiang Xuehai dares to produce thousands of flowers, and a tree will spring first." Known as the flower base. The lofty character and loyalty of "knowing far away is not snow, only fragrance comes" symbolizes the spirit of our descendants of the dragon. Plum blossom cultivation began in Shang Dynasty and has a history of nearly 4000 years. Mei is the birthday girl among flowers. In many parts of China, the Millennium Gu Mei is still preserved. In Huangmei County, Hubei Province, there is a golden plum, which is 1600 years old and still in bloom. Plum blossoms are in full bloom in the snow, the fragrance is lingering in the cold, the image of iron bones and ice hearts, and the image of high morality and integrity inspires people to strive for self-improvement and persevere in welcoming the arrival of spring. "Wind and rain send spring home, flying snow welcomes the spring. It is already a cliff full of ice, and there are beautiful flowers, which do not compete for spring. They only reported the spring solstice, and she was laughing at it. "

3. Bamboo:

Bamboo sticks are tall and straight, slender, graceful, evergreen all the year round, and stand proudly in the wind and rain. They are deeply loved by people, especially literati, who like to compare themselves to bamboo, symbolizing honest and frank, purity and iron. Bamboo has always enjoyed a high reputation, including "Mei Zhu Lan Ju", one of the four gentlemen, and "Mei Songzhu", one of the three friends, which has been deeply loved by people since ancient times. Some people praise bamboo as "open-minded, bamboo has Qian Qian Festival"; Zheng Banqiao, a great painter, wrote a poem for bamboo, "Insist that the green hills will not relax ...". There are many literati and poets in ancient and modern China who love to chant bamboo. It is said that there is no bamboo to live in here, leaving many bamboo paintings and poems about bamboo. Su Dongpo, a great poet, left a famous saying that "living without bamboo is better than eating without meat".

4. Pine tree: It is indomitable, not afraid of wind and frost, and the spirit of constant seasons. How can we not think of the PLA soldiers who guard the motherland day and night and devote themselves to it? Moreover, it doesn't need fertilization and irrigation, and the wind can't blow it down; Flood can't drown it, nor can cold damage it. It just tries to stay still.

Chrysanthemum: It is beautiful and colorful, but it won the favor not with its exquisite beauty, but with its simple elegance and firmness, and bloomed after the flowers faded. People love its exquisite charm, and even more love its first frost west wind in full bloom. China endowed it with noble and strong feelings and regarded it as a symbol of national spirit. Chrysanthemum, as the flower of Ao Shuang, has always been favored by poets. The ancients especially liked to name it after chrysanthemum, which was a metaphor for its noble sentiment and unyielding loyalty.

5. Chrysanthemum:

People in China like chrysanthemums very much. Since the Song Dynasty, there has been an annual Chrysanthemum Festival among the people. In ancient myths and legends, chrysanthemum was endowed with the meaning of good luck and longevity. For example, the combination of chrysanthemum and magpie means "family happiness"; The combination of chrysanthemum and pine is "longevity" and so on, which is widely used in folk.

The inspiration of nature to human beings is varied. Nature's nest is naturally muddy plain, but it is inspired by this that human beings have developed architectural science and established modern big cities. The rivers of nature seem to run day and night regardless of people's will, but aren't they also teaching people how to understand many truths such as gravity and inertial force of motion, and how to develop and utilize the potential of nature? Metal has given more inspiration to mankind. Such seemingly hard things, after being melted by fire, can be turned into human tools according to human needs. More importantly, it makes people understand that all substances have melting points and can be transformed into shapes and states.

Humans made airplanes based on sharks and radars based on bats. Humans invented airplanes based on dragonfly wings, radars based on bats' mouths and ears, ships based on whale shapes, and electronic frog eyes based on frog eyes.

A very strange small gas analyzer was successfully copied from annoying flies. It has been installed in the cockpit of the spacecraft to detect the composition of the gas in the cabin.

From fireflies to artificial luminescence;

Electric fish and volt batteries;

The windward ear of jellyfish imitates the structure and function of jellyfish ear, and designs a storm predictor of jellyfish ear, which can predict the storm 15 hours in advance, which is of great significance to navigation and fishery safety.

According to the visual principle of frog eye, people have successfully developed an electronic frog eye. This kind of electronic frog's eyes can accurately identify objects with specific shapes like real frog's eyes. After installing electronic frog eyes in radar system, the anti-jamming ability of radar is greatly improved. This radar system can quickly and accurately identify aircraft, ships and missiles with specific shapes. In particular, it can distinguish between true and false missiles and prevent false confusion.

Electronic frog eyes are also widely used in airports and traffic arteries. At the airport, it can monitor the take-off and landing of aircraft, and call the police in time if it is found that the aircraft is about to collide. On the main road, you can direct the vehicles to prevent them from colliding.

According to the principle of bat ultrasonic locator, people also copied "Pathfinder" for the blind. This pathfinder is equipped with an ultrasonic transmitter, which blind people can use to find telephone poles, steps, people on bridges, etc. Nowadays, "ultrasonic glasses" with similar functions have also been made.

By simulating the incomplete photosynthetic mechanism of cyanobacteria, a bionic photolysis device was designed to obtain a large amount of hydrogen.

According to the study of human skeletal muscle system and bioelectricity control, a human strength enhancer-walking machine is copied.

The hook of modern crane originated from the claws of many animals.

Corrugated roofs imitate animal scales.

Paddles imitate the fins of fish.

Saw mantis arms, or saw grass.

The plants of Xanthium were inspired to invent velcro.

Lobster with keen sense of smell provides people with the idea of making odor detectors.

Gecko toes provide an encouraging prospect for manufacturing reusable adhesive tape.

The colloid formed by shellfish and protein is very strong, and this colloid can be used in everything from surgical suture to ship repair.

According to bats, radars, fish, submarines, birds, airplanes, fireflies, fluorescent lamps,