Changing customs and changing customs

"Book of Rites·Book of Music": "Therefore, if you practice music and practice happily, your ethics will be pure, your ears and eyes will be smart, your blood will be peaceful, if you change customs and customs, the world will be at peace." Refers to changing old and bad social customs and habits. Li Si's "A Letter to the First Emperor of Qin": "The law of filial piety is applied to Shang Yang, and customs are changed. The people are prosperous in Yin, and the country is prosperous and strong."

Be careful in your words and deeds

The Chinese version of "Book of Rites·缁衣" says: "(Confucius said) The gentleman and Taoist people use words but prohibit people from doing things, so the words must be taken into account. In the end, people must be careful about what they say and what they do.” It means to speak carefully and act cautiously. Ming Dynasty Zhu Guozhen's "Yongzhuan Xiaozhu·Yi Dagger·Du Xing": "(Ye Guangbin recited to himself) In the past eighty years, my knowledge has become more true. I know that words and deeds must be cultivated. There is nothing wrong with being cautious in words and deeds. How many people in my hometown? "

Magnificent

A quote from "The Book of Rites·Tan ??Gong Xia" says: "When Jin Xianwen and his wife got married, Jin Dynasty doctor Zhang Lao said: 'It's so beautiful. "It's so beautiful." Zheng Xuan's note: The heart ridicules its extravagance. Lun, Lun Niao, means tall and grand; Huan, means numerous. Later, the word "beautiful" was used to describe the tall and beautiful houses.

Gentle and elegant

"Book of Rites·Prince Wen Wang": "Music is the reason for cultivating the interior, and etiquette is the reason for the cultivation of the exterior." Ritual and music are intertwined in the middle, and the shape is outside, so it is also polite, respectful and gentle." Kong Yingda Shu of the Tang Dynasty said: "Those who are respectful and gentle are polite inside and outside, respectful in appearance, and gentle in writing." "Elegant": Close to elegance. "Historical Records: Preface to the Biographies of Scholars": "Tomorrow's people are divided, and they understand the meaning of ancient and modern times. The articles are elegant and the precepts are profound." Later, it was written in four words, describing a gentle attitude and elegant behavior. " "Strange Stories from a Chinese Studio, Chapter 8, Chen Xijiu": "(Xijiu) went to the county to meet the prefect and recounted his family history. The prefect was stunned and said: "This son of a famous scholar is gentle and elegant, but he can't be a thief!" And to eliminate their abuses, King Wen used civil rule, and King Wu used martial arts to eliminate the disasters of the people. These are all those who have made contributions to the people." It refers to achievements in culture, education and military.

Traveling far and near

Quotation from "Book of Rites: The Doctrine of the Mean": "The way of a gentleman is as follows: to go far away, you must be near; to go high, you must humble yourself." It means that to go far away, you must start from the near. It is a metaphor for learning and learning. Things should be done from the shallower to the deeper, in a down-to-earth manner, step by step. Zhang Boxing of the Qing Dynasty wrote in "The Collection of Difficult Learning Records": "Scholars must not not aim at lofty goals, nor should they expect to be lofty. When one travels far away, one feels inferior, but when one climbs high, one feels inferior."

Unchanged

The Chinese version of "Book of Rites·Kingdom": "Those who punish are 侀; those who 侀 are accomplished. Once it is established, it cannot be changed, so a gentleman will do his best." 侀: refers to "type". It originally means that once the criminal law is formulated, it cannot be changed at will. Later it is often used to refer to once it is formed, it is fixed and will not be changed. Bai Juyi's "Taihu Stone Records" 》: "Did the Creator do this intentionally? Did the condensation of the embryo succeed by chance? However, it has been unchanged for tens of millions of years."

The dignity of the teacher

"Book of Rites·Xue Ji": "Any way of learning is difficult for strict teachers. "Teacher is strict and then Tao Zun; Tao Zun then the people know and respect learning". The original work (Shi Yan Daozun) means that the teacher is revered, and the principles and knowledge he imparts can be respected. Hao Yong's "Helin Collection·Tao Yong conferred the title of Confucian Scholar" "("Si Ku Ji Ben Bie Ji Supplement"): "The ancient teachers were strict and respectful, but now they are lenient and slow." Later generations often wrote "Dignity of the Teacher", which refers to the solemn way of being a teacher. Han Cai's "Jianquan Diary" ("Supplements to the Collection of Siku"): "When Zheng Kang became a disciple of Ma Rong, he could not see him for three years, so he asked his high-level disciples to teach him to Yu Xuan... Such is the dignity of teachers in the Han Dynasty" < /p>

Distinguish between right and wrong

The Chinese version of "Book of Rites, Part 1 of Quli" says: "Those who are disrespectful of etiquette should distinguish between relatives and strangers, resolve suspicions, distinguish between similarities and differences, and distinguish between right and wrong." Later, "distinguish between right and wrong" refers to being clear. To distinguish what is right and what is wrong, Song Dynasty Ouyang Xiu's "Ouyang Wenzhonggong Collection Letters Three and Wang Yimin Gong (Jiayou Seventh Year)": "A certain person is here, unable to distinguish right from wrong, silently living in silence, carrying shame, how can he win. "Speech".

"Flaws do not cover up excellence"

"The Book of Rites: Engagement": "Flaws do not cover up excellence, excellence does not cover up flaws, and loyalty is also". It is a metaphor that shortcomings cannot cover up advantages. Later The shortcomings cannot cover up the advantages, which means that the shortcomings cannot cover up the advantages. The shortcomings are secondary and the advantages are primary.