The word "mathematics" comes from Greek, which means "learned or understood" or "acquired knowledge"
",even means" something that can be obtained ","something that can be learned ",that is," knowledge that can be obtained through learning ",number
These meanings of scientific names seem to be the same as those of cognates in Sanskrit. Even the great dictionary editor Littre (E.
Littre was also an outstanding classical scholar at that time. He also included "Mathematics" in his French dictionary (1877).
This word. The Oxford English Dictionary makes no mention of Sanskrit. In the Byzantine Greek dictionary "Suidas" in the 10 century, it led to
The terms "physics", "geometry" and "arithmetic" are not listed directly.
The word "mathematics" has gone through a long process from expressing general knowledge to expressing mathematics specialty, only in Aristotle.
This process was completed in the era of Dodd, not in the era of Plato. The particularity of mathematical names lies not only in their profound significance.
Far, but at that time, only the specialization of the word "poem" in ancient Greece could rival the specialization of mathematical names. "Poetry
The original meaning of "song" is "something that has been made or completed", and the word "poem" was exclusive in Plato's time.
It's over. I don't know why dictionary editors or knowledge problems involving noun specialization never mention poetry.
Nor does it mention the strange similarity between poetry and the specialization of mathematical names. But the specialization of mathematical names is really influenced by people.
Attention.
First of all, Aristotle put forward that the special use of the word "mathematics" originated from Pythagoras' thought, but it was not allowed.
What data shows that there are similar thoughts in the natural philosophy originated from Ionia? Secondly, among Ionians, only Tai.
Ju Lushi (640 BC? -546) Achievements in "pure" mathematics are credible, because except diogenes.
Diogenēs Laertius briefly mentioned that this credibility also has a later and direct mathematical source.
, that is, from Proclus's comments on Euclid. But this credibility does not come from Aristotle.
De, although he knew Thales was a "natural philosopher"; Nor from the early Herodotus, although he knew
Celis is a "fan" of politics and military tactics, and he can even predict solar eclipses. These may have
This helps to explain why there is almost no Ionian component in Plato's system. Heraclitus (500 BC-
-? There is a famous saying: "Everything is in motion, and things are impermanent", "People can't fall into the same river twice.
In ". This famous saying puzzled Plato, but Heraclitus was not respected as Plato gave parmenides.
. Parmenides's theory of matter, from the perspective of methodology, has more Pythagoras numbers than Heraclitus' theory of change.
A strong learning opponent.
For Pythagoras, mathematics is a "way of life". In fact, Latin writers from the 2nd century A.D.
Greek philosophers Galius and Porfiri in the 3rd century, and Greece in the 4th century.
The philosopher Iamblichus saw in some testimonies that the Pythagorean school seems to have something for adults.
"General degree courses", including formal registrants and temporary registrants. Temporary members are called "observers",
Full members are called "mathematicians" here, and "mathematicians" only refer to a class of members, not to say that they are proficient in mathematics.
The spirit of Pythagoras School is enduring. For those who are deeply attracted by Archimedes' magical invention,
Archimedes is the only mathematician. Theoretically speaking, Newton was a mathematician, although he was also a mathematician.
Physicists, the general public and journalists prefer to regard Einstein as a mathematician, although he is a complete physicist. while
Roger bacon (12 14- 1292) approached science by advocating "ontology" and told him:
When this century challenges him, he is putting science into a big mathematical framework, although his accomplishments in mathematics are limited.
Yes, Descartes (1596- 1650) was determined to innovate when he was very young, so he decided.
The name and concept of "mathematical omnipotence" Then Leibniz quoted a very similar concept and turned it into the future.
Symbolic logic is the foundation, and symbolic logic has become a popular mathematical logic in the 20th century.
/kloc-in the 0/8th century, Montukra, a pioneer writer in the history of mathematics, said that he had heard that the ancient Greeks first called it.
There are two explanations that mathematics is "common sense": one explanation is that mathematics itself is superior to other knowledge fields;
Another explanation is that as a general knowledge subject, mathematics is in rhetoric, dialectics, grammar and ethics.
The structure was complete before. Montclair accepted the second explanation. He doesn't agree with the first explanation, because in Proclos.
In Euclid's notes, or in any ancient materials, no proof suitable for this explanation has been found. However 19
Etymologists in the 20th century tend to the first explanation, while classical scholars in the 20th century tend to the second explanation. But we-
It is found that these two explanations are not contradictory, that is, mathematics has existed for a long time, and its superiority is unparalleled.
We often use symbols in mathematical operations, such as+,-,×, ⊙, =, >
Who used it first and when was it approved? Plus sign and minus sign "+","-",1489 German mathematician.
Weidemann used these two symbols for the first time in his works, but from 15 14, Holland, a Dutch mathematician, officially got everyone's approval.
Ike, here we go. 163 1 year, the British mathematician orcutt proposed the multiplication with "x". Another multiplication symbol "
It was initiated by mathematician Helio. In addition to the symbol \, this symbol was originally popular in continental Europe as a minus sign.
Octets indicate division or ratio with ":". Some people also use fractional lines to express comparison, and later some people combine the two.
"÷"。 In the works of Swiss mathematician Laha, "6" was officially used as a division symbol. The equal sign "=" was originally 1540.
It was initiated by Professor Rickett of Oxford University in England. 159 1 year, the French mathematician Veda used it extensively in his works.
Gradually accepted by people. Leibniz, the founder of calculus in the 17th century, widely used this symbol, and it has been used ever since.
Use. It was invented by British mathematician heriott in (Xiao).
159 1 year, the French mathematician Veda began to use brackets, 1629, Claude began to use brackets. This shows the mathematical concept.
The appearance of ""and the final formation of mathematical operation symbols have experienced a long evolution process, which embodies the talents of scholars.
Wisdom and unremitting pursuit of science.