1. Ji Dan's "Book of Commandments to Bo Qin"

The author was Zhou Gongdan (about 1100 BC). His surname was Ji Dan, and he was called Zhou Gong.

According to legend, he made rituals and music, established regulations and systems, and was revered as the founder of Confucianism.

After King Zhou Cheng came to power, he granted the land of Lu to Bo Qin, the son of Duke Zhou.

Therefore, if there is no great reason for the old, then it will not be abandoned. There is no need to prepare for one person.

A gentleman is as strong as an ox, and does not compete with the ox for its strength; as walking as a horse, he does not compete with the horse; as wise as a scholar, he does not compete with the scholar for his wisdom.

Those who are virtuous and have great virtues and act respectfully will be honored; those who are smart and wise but act like fools will be benefited.

Translation: If a relative or old friend has not made any serious mistakes, do not abandon him or her.

Don’t blame someone for everything.

Even if a virtuous person is as strong as an ox, he will not compete with the size of an ox; even if he gallops like a horse, he will not compete with the speed of a horse; even if he is as wise as a scholar, he will not compete with the speed of a horse. Will compete with scholars for intelligence.

If you are a virtuous person who treats yourself with a humble attitude, you will be honored; if you are smart and wise but use a foolish attitude to deal with the world, you will benefit a lot.

Appreciation: "Jie Bo Qin Shu" talks about the virtue of modesty and prudence.

Even if you are the emperor, you are rich all over the world because you follow these moral qualities.

Ignorance of humility leads to death and national mourning. Jie and Zhou are such examples.

How can you not be cautious?"

2. Confucius' family motto

If you don't learn poetry, you can't speak; if you don't learn etiquette, you can't stand.

Translation: The meaning of this sentence is very clear.

One day Confucius was standing in the courtyard, and his son Kong Li "crossed the court", that is, walking quickly.

When walking in front of superiors or elders, you should "move forward", lower your head, and walk quickly like this. This is called "move forward"

Then Kong Li saw his father Confucius standing there. In the courtyard, Confucius lowered his head and said, "Stop, are you studying poetry?" "No." How can you speak if you don't learn poetry? "How can you speak if you don't learn poetry?

Another day, Confucius was standing in the courtyard again, and Kong Li "went across the courtyard" again. Confucius said, " Stop, have you learned the etiquette? ""Not yet"." How can one stand up without learning etiquette? "How can one be a human being without learning etiquette?

Appreciation: This story is called "Guo Ting Yu", also called "Ting Xun".

According to this story later, the education given by a father to his son was called "court training" in ancient times.

Learning poetry and etiquette are about reading and doing things, which are two very important issues in life. .

3. Liu Bang's "Edict to the Prince"

I was in troubled times, and when the Qin Dynasty banned learning, I felt happy, saying that reading was useless

Jie Jian. Since then, people have been able to understand the author's intention by reading the book.

Many of the things he did in the past were wrong.

Yao and Shun did not care about the world and their sons. In the world, I don’t care about you.

How about the world when people have good horses and oxen? , and you are here to do great things.

I have decided to make you his heir.

This is not a big deal, but it is sufficient for self-explanation.

Now I regard your writing as inferior to mine. You should study hard and write it yourself every time.

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Appreciation: "Handwritten Edict to the Prince" was written when Liu Bang was critically ill (195 BC, March of the twelfth year of Emperor Gaozu of the Han Dynasty) to establish his eldest son Liu Ying as the heir to the throne, and to give him earnest warnings and instructions.

In this testament, Liu Bang deeply regretted his early behavior as a scholar and told his son the importance of studying.

Liu Bang died in April of the same year. , in May, sixteen-year-old Liu Ying succeeded to the throne.

4. "The Book of Commandments to Sons" and "The Book of Commandments to Nephews"

The "Book of Commandments to Sons" and "The Book of Commandments to Nephews" by the author Zhuge Liang (181-234) are ancient family mottos. The famous article expounds the principles of self-cultivation, academic study and conduct, which is thought-provoking.

Quietness cultivates one’s character, frugality cultivates virtue.

Without indifference, there is no clear ambition, and without tranquility, there is no way to reach far.

(Book of Commandments)

Translation: Use tranquility to improve your self-cultivation, and use frugality to cultivate your own character.

If you are not calm and have few desires, you will not be able to clarify your ambitions, and if you do not rule out external interference, you will not be able to achieve lofty goals.

The husband's aspirations should be lofty and lofty, he should admire the sages, abandon his passion and stagnation, and make the ambitions of the common people reveal themselves and be compassionate.

(Book of Admonitions to Nephews)

Translation: A person should establish lofty ideals, pursue the sages, control his passions, get rid of the vulgar thoughts in his chest, and become almost like a sage. Noble aspirations are clearly reflected in you, making your heart shake and understand.

You must be able to adapt to the tests of different situations such as smoothness and twists and turns, get rid of trivial matters and emotional entanglements, ask people extensively for advice, and eradicate your own feelings of resentment.

Appreciation: Zhuge Liang did not have his son Zhuge Zhan until he was 46 years old.

He likes his son very much and hopes that his son will become a pillar of the country in the future.

Zhuge Liang had two sisters. The son of the second sister was named Pang Huan, who was deeply loved by Zhuge Liang.

Zhuge Liang fought all year round and was involved in government affairs, but he still did not forget to teach his children.

The two family letters he wrote to Zhuge Zhan and Pang Huan are called "Book of Commandments to Sons" and "Book of Commandments to Nephews".

5. Family motto of the Langya Wang family

The Langya Wang family is known as the most prominent family in China. Since the Han Dynasty, Wang Ji, an official admonished, "the family started in Yu, and later moved to the south of the capital of Linyi." "Renli" created a precedent for the family to be distinguished. After about a thousand years from the Eastern Han, Wei, Jin, Southern and Northern Dynasties to the end of the Tang Dynasty, more than 600 people in the family had their names engraved in the history of human civilization. The prime minister alone produced nine Twelve.

If your husband's words and deeds can be repeated, you will have the utmost trust; if you praise your good deeds, you will have the highest virtue; if you make a name for yourself and show off your relatives, you will have the highest filial piety; if your brothers are happy and your clan will be happy, you will have the highest loyalty; if you are lucky enough, don't be too wealthy. Hu Rang: These five are the foundation of establishing oneself.

Translation: Being consistent in words and deeds is the pinnacle of faith; entrusting a good reputation to others while shouldering the blame is the pinnacle of virtue; spreading a good reputation to make relatives famous is the pinnacle of filial piety; brotherly harmony , Clan joy is the pinnacle of discord; there is nothing better than humility in the face of property: these five principles are the foundation of one's life.

6. "Yan Family Instructions"

The author Yan Zhitui (531-591), whose ancestral home is Langya Linyi, crossed the Yangtze River with the Eastern Jin Dynasty.

He experienced the Northern and Southern Dynasties and had an insight into the shortcomings and advantages of learning from the South and the North.

The "Yan Family Instructions" has been highly praised by the past dynasties, and they even considered it as "the ancestor of the ancient and modern family instructions". It has been published repeatedly and has not been lost even after more than a thousand years.

Therefore, living with good people is like entering a room filled with orchids, which will smell fragrant for a long time; living with evil people is like entering a room filled with abalone, which will smell bad for a long time.

People in the mountains don’t believe there are fish as big as trees, and people on the sea don’t believe there are trees as big as fish.

Appreciation: Yan Zhitui combined his life experience, philosophy of life, ideological knowledge, and wrote the book "Yan Family Instructions" to instruct his descendants.

There are seven volumes and 20 chapters in the book. Each chapter covers a wide range of content, but it mainly educates children with traditional Confucianism, teaching how to cultivate oneself, run a family, behave in society, and be a scholar. .

He advocated learning and opposed the lack of knowledge and skills; he believed that learning should be mainly based on reading, but also paid attention to the knowledge of workers, peasants, merchants, etc.; he advocated that "what you learn is what you can do" and opposed empty talk without doing anything. Actual etc.