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Classical Chinese The Doctrine of the Mean
1. The full-text translation of classical Chinese is moderate. The original country is impermanent and weak.

Strong law makes the country strong; If the followers of the law are weak, the country will be weak. King Jingzhuang has been in Bingzhou for twenty-six years, opening a land of three thousand miles; The country that protects itself is also, and Jing is dead.

Qi Huangong has been a state for 30 years, with a territory of 3,000 miles; Duke Huan protects his country and dies together. The king is bounded by the river, the thistle is the country, the Zhuo and Fangcheng are attacked, and the remnants are even in Zhongshan. Those with swallows are very heavy, and those without swallows are very light; The country that protects itself is also, and Yan is dead.

King Wei Anli attacked Yan to save Zhao and took land to Hedong; Attack the land of Tao and Wei; The capital of private land is adding troops; It is better to attack Korea and extubate it than to be under Qi. In the case of Suiyang, Jing Jun was old and left; Cai and Zhao Ling were defeated by; Soldiers all over the world, crown in the country; When King Anli dies, Wei dies. Therefore, with Jing Zhuanghe, Jing and Qi can dominate; With a harmonious Li, Yan and Wei can be strong.

Today, all the people who perished in the country, their ministers and officials are in chaos, but they are not in charge. The country is chaotic and weak, and it is all about interpreting national laws, and it is all private. It's a negative salary plus a firefight, and it's very messy! Therefore, at present, those who can get rid of private pleasure and public law are governed by the people and the state; Qiang Bing is a weak enemy who can practice public law privately.

Therefore, if there is a system to judge gains and losses, and it is above the princes, then the Lord must not cheat and cheat; He who judges the gains and losses has a balance, and he who listens to distant things cannot bully the world. Today, if you enter with a reputation, you will be better from top to bottom than last week. If the party promotes officials, the affairs of * * * should be handed over without seeking to apply the law.

Therefore, the disability of officials will lead to national chaos. Reward with praise and punish with destruction. It is better to reward with punishment for evil, release with public, act privately, and be more like each other than Zhou.

Forget the main diplomacy, in order to enter its relationship, it will be so thin for the top. Make friends with many people, make friends with many people, and have cronies inside and outside. Although there is more than one, there are many things to cover up.

Therefore, the loyal minister is not guilty of dying in danger, and the traitor Amway is useless. The loyal minister died in danger without taking the blame, so the good minister fell; Treacherous court official Amway, no credit, treacherous court official enters.

This is the foundation of death. If so, ministers will abandon the celebration law and pay more attention to private affairs than public law.

Look to the door of the capable, not the court of God; Worried about personal convenience, not the country of the Lord. Although there are many genera, they are not respected by you; Although there are hundreds of officials, they are not the same as the country.

However, the Lord is entrusted to the family of ministers in the name of the Lord. So the minister said: the national subjugation court is empty.

There is no one in the court who is not the decline of the court; Housework is mutually beneficial and does not serve the country; Ministers respect each other, not the monarch; Lu and I are friends, not officials. This is because the Lord does not violate the law, but believes in it.

Therefore, it is obvious that the Lord makes the law choose people and does not bootstrap; Use methods to measure work, but don't overdo it. The mighty can't be bullied, the loser can't be decorated, the glorious can't enter, and the loser can't retreat. Therefore, it is easy to have disputes between the monarch and the minister, so the main battle method can also be applied.

The sage is a minister, and the north is entrusted with the quality, and there is no second heart. The court did not dare to resign, and the army did not dare to resign; Do the right thing, follow the Lord's law, and wait for orders with an open mind. There is no right or wrong.

Therefore, those with mouths don't talk privately, those with eyes don't look privately, but try their best to control them. If you are a minister, if you are a hand, you can trim your head and feet. Clear and warm, cold and hot, have to save; He is a selfless minister Tessa, a selfless capable person.

Therefore, people don't make friends across borders, and they don't feel a hundred miles. The nobility does not surpass each other, and wisdom and wisdom stand up to rule.

Nowadays, husbands despise titles and die easily. I'm not cheap to choose his master. Deception against the law, two strong admonitions from the master, and unfaithfulness from the minister.

Doing something useful can be accepted as a name, but I don't mean benevolence. Living in seclusion from the customs, but not cheating, I am heartless.

Foreign envoys are waiting for their country, they are waiting for their danger, so they are afraid of their master; "I don't know if I don't kiss you, and I don't understand if I blame you." And the Lord believes and the country listens.

It is not wise to humble the name of the Lord to show his body and destroy the thickness of the country to benefit his family. This number of things, the danger of the world also said that the law of the former king is also simple.

The former king's law said, "I will not be overbearing or profit-making, but will obey the king's orders;" If you do nothing, or do evil, follow your way. " The ancients ruled the people of the world, served public law, abandoned private art, and waited for their posts wholeheartedly.

"The husband and the judge, it is not enough. And with the eyes, it is decorative; If you use your ears, you will modify your voice; There will be a lot to talk about if you are worried.

The former king regarded the three as insufficient and gave up his ability because of the number of laws, trying to reward and punish. What my late king saved is very important, so the law has survived and has not been violated.

Within the four seas, cleverness and wisdom can't be bullied, dangers and urgency can't be closed, and no evil can be done. Far away, dare not speak easily; Being in the middle of the road, I dare not hide it and decorate it wrong; Under the imperial court, we are straight together and dare not cross.

So insufficient treatment leads to excess, which is caused by the world situation. When the wife invades the Lord, such as the terrain, that is, gradually drifting away, making people lose their owners, things are easy to face unconsciously.

Therefore, Wang Li Sina will seize the day to be the first. Therefore, it is not for the benefit of the law that the wise Lord keeps ministers from wandering outside the law, and there is nothing illegal.

The law is strict, so traveling abroad is also private; Severe punishment, so I ordered punishment. There is nothing wrong with Wei. The system is different.

Wei, control of communist party, then all the evils are obvious; If you don't believe in the law, it will be dangerous; If punishment continues, evil will be invincible. Therefore, craftsmen are interested in ropes, but first of all, they should be measured by rules; When wisdom is fast, it will be better than the method of the first king.

Therefore, the rope is straight and the wood is broken, and high-tech cutting is allowed. Counties and counties attach importance to profits, and there are fewer stones. Therefore, governing the country according to law is only a measure.

The law is not expensive, and the rope is not bent. When the law is implemented, the wise can resign and the brave dare to fight.

After the punishment, I will not serve, and I will not stay behind. Therefore, correcting mistakes, scolding sins, dealing with confusion and misunderstanding, and Qi Fei's jealousy are just like laws.

It's not like punishment to strengthen the prestige of officials, retreat from prostitution and stop cheating. If the punishment is heavy, it will not be expensive and cheap; If you try the law, you will respect it, not violate it.

If you respect and don't infringe, the Lord will be strong and keep it, so Gui Wang will spread it first. If people advocate interpreting the law and using private interests, they will not leave each other.

A country will neither be forever strong nor be weak forever. Countries with strong law enforcers are strong, and countries with weak law enforcers are weak.

Chu Zhuangwang annexed 26 countries, expanded its territory for 3,000 miles, and the king of Zhuang destroyed other countries, thus weakening the State of Chu. Qi Huangong annexed 30 countries and expanded its territory for 3,000 miles. Duke Huan destroyed other countries, and Qi weakened.

The Prince of Yan regards the Yellow River as a national border and a national capital, surrounded by Zhuo and Fangcheng. When he broke through the state of Qi and pacified Zhongshan, people with Yan's support were valued, while those without Yan were looked down upon. When other countries were wiped out, Yan became weak. King Wei Anli attacked the State of Yan, rescued the State of Zhao, seized the land in the east of the river, and seized all the territories of Tao and Wei. Adjust the use of troops and occupy Pinglu; Attack Korea, take the land and strike the shore of the water; Seeing all the way, the Chu army retreated wearily; In the battle of Shangcai and Zhaoling, the Chu army was defeated; Wei Jun enjoys great prestige in the Central Plains.

2. Seek a reading answer with a degree of everything. There is a limit to everything. 1 life wisdom, you can tell thousands of things, but the most important thing is that there is a limit to everything. "

"Degree" is the limit for things to maintain their own quality and quantity. It is consistent with the quality of things.

There is a limit or boundary at both ends of any degree. An L is the joint point or critical point, beyond which the nature of things changes. The boiling point of water is 100 degrees Celsius, and the freezing point of water is 0 degrees Celsius.

From zero degrees Celsius to one hundred degrees Celsius is the temperature range at which water remains liquid. When this temperature is reached, water will either become steam or ice.

② People live in "degree". The greatest pursuit of mankind is freedom.

Once a person loses his freedom, can he still talk about happiness and happiness? Is it possible for him to make a difference? However, freedom is a moderate reason, and excessive freedom will lose freedom. The spring can stretch at will within its elastic limit. Once this degree is exceeded, the spring cannot be restored.

There is also a question of the "degree" of doing things and dealing with people. This side of "degree" may be brilliant, and the other side of "degree" may be covered with dark clouds. The "degree" in daily life can be seen almost everywhere.

(3) for example, the discretion of speaking. Don't say anything, don't say more.

Socrates, an ancient Greek philosopher, said: "People have two ears and one mouth, so we should listen to ourselves more carefully. If we talk too much, we will lose." Joking is the lubricant of international relations, but don't overdo it, it will hurt your feelings.

Humorous words are pleasant, but they become vulgar or sharp if they are overdone. (4) For example, the understanding of beauty.

Plato, an ancient Greek philosopher, said, "Beauty is propriety." Song Yu describes the beauty of oriental daughters in her works: "Adding one point is too long, subtracting one point is too short, the powder is too white, and the painting is too red."

Visible, just right is beautiful, too much or too little is not beautiful. Everything has a dialectical unity of quality and quantity, and has a specific limit of quantity.

Once this limit is exceeded, nature will be transformed and beautiful things will turn into ugliness. (5) For example, the understanding of goodness.

Being kind to others and doing good deeds is indeed a great virtue; But it's good to be just right. The true love of parents for their children should be to teach people to stand on their own feet and inspire their children to stand on their own feet.

Excessive love will hurt children. We should also pay attention to the scope of good deeds. Can you show mercy to the monster like Tang Priest, the evil wolf like Mr. Dong Guo, and the poisonous snake like the farmer in Aesop's fable?

Kindness to the wicked is a crime to the people. ⑥ "Degree" is a university question.

Philosophers at all times and all over the world have discussed "degree" in their theories. Dialectical materialism in Marxist philosophy emphasizes "degree". For example, qualitative change will occur only when the quantity changes to a certain extent.

Confucianism pays attention to the doctrine of the mean and is impartial; Laozi advocates letting nature take its course and conforming to nature; Buddhism stresses psychological balance; Darwin said "the survival of the fittest". It can be seen that perseverance is not a skill in life, but a great skill in life.

Some people think that reading makes people wise. Yes, people's wisdom will be enlightened by reading, and it is an indisputable fact that reading books often makes people smarter.

There is also a "degree" in reading. Books must be read, and books must not be read too much.

Books can't be trusted. You can't believe them all. If you study hard and read dead books, then "it's better to believe it, not to believe it." Today, we are surrounded by "degrees". Art stresses degree, science stresses degree, life stresses degree, business stresses degree, and life stresses degree.

Can a person not study and follow the "degree" all his life? (Original deleted) 1. Please choose a () (2 points) A from the following idioms that is consistent with the theme of this article, just like a year has passed. Enough is enough. C. be swayed by considerations of gain and loss. Assess the situation and complement each other. 2. What role does the wavy line sentence in paragraph (2) play in the structure of the full text? (2 points) 3. What kind of demonstration method is used in the sentence with horizontal lines in the seventh paragraph? (2 points) 4. Refer to the following example and write a paragraph with your own choice. (3 points) For example, some people think that reading makes people wise.

Yes, people's wisdom will be enlightened by reading, and it is an indisputable fact that reading books often makes people smarter. Imitation sentence: Some people think that _ _ _ _ _ _ breeds wisdom.

Yes, _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ is an indisputable fact. 5. In Lu Hua Dang, the old man was injured by overconfidence and self-esteem.

In real life, we often find that "adding one point is too long and subtracting one point is too short". Please add another case argument for this article (both in textbooks and in life, but you can't copy the examples in the paragraphs). (3 points) Reference answer: 1. B analysis: understand not only the main idea of this article, but also the meaning of each option word. By matching and comparing central ideas and options, you can get the answer.

Boxing theme: Emphasis should be moderate, but not excessive. Enough is enough: stop at the right level, which means doing things just right.

Too much is not enough: things are overdone. Just like not doing enough, it is inappropriate. 2. Analysis of connecting links: wavy line sentence is a kind of turning sentence, which connects the context and plays a connecting role.

3. Reason argumentation analysis: Reason argumentation is to prove the argument with the incisive opinions in classic works, famous sayings and aphorisms of famous people at home and abroad, and recognized theorem formulas. Its function is to make the argument authoritative and enhance persuasiveness.

The underlined sentence "believing in books is better than having no books" is selected from Mencius, which means: don't stick to books and don't be superstitious about books. 4. (Example) The wisdom of communicators will be sublimated in communication, and frequent communication will make people smarter.

5. Example ①: Jin Fan cried with joy after his promotion. Example 2: When cooking with salt, if it is not moderate, it will make the consumer feel uncomfortable or uncomfortable.

In nature, there is too much rain. Will cause floods; Too little rain will lead to drought.

Analysis: There are many such examples in life, that is, things go too far and bring bad results. The cited examples should be consistent with the central argument of this paper, as long as the demonstration effect is good.

3. What poems in ancient China taught people to be calm and wrote about Su Shi in Ding Feng?

Don't listen to the sound of beating leaves in the forest,

Why not sing and walk slowly?

Bamboo poles and sandals are more dexterous than riding horses. What's to be afraid of?

A raincoat and hemp fiber, despite the wind and rain, still live my life.

The cold spring breeze woke me up,

It's a little cold, but the mountain is inclined to welcome guests.

Look back at that desolate place, go home,

No rain or shine.

Castle Peak still exists, the sun still rises and the sunset still sets.

How many things in the past and how many times have been put into the conversation.

The last sentence of Yang Shen's Linjiang Fairy.

Do not disgrace the mission, just look at the flowers in front of the court; If you have no intention of staying or staying, it is easy to follow the clouds outside.

Xiao Feng's Notes on Xiao Yuan

Picking chrysanthemums under the east fence, you can see Nanshan leisurely.

Tao Yuanming