The True Story of Ah Q is a classic work of Lu Xun. This novel is very short, but it writes the soul of our people at that time from several aspects. Ah Q is a little timid, opportunistic and conceited.
Ah Q is a backward farm worker. As a backward and wandering farm worker, his personality is very prominent. His lifestyle, personality, psychological activities and mental outlook are not only very different from those of Grandpa Zhao, but also obviously different from those of Wang Hu and Xiao D. As Mr. Lu Xun said, Ah Q has a kind of "peasant simplicity, but it is also stained with the slickness of some wanderers". For example, Ah Q's daily life is "cutting wheat, chopping rice and rocking the boat". This not only positively illustrates Ah Q's poor life as a vagrant farm worker, but also essentially shows Ah Q's industrious, honest and simple peasant character. Of course, Ah Q also has some vagrancy, but apart from social influence, it should be said that it is mainly the result of oppression. These places are very simple, obviously, most people admit it. A difficult problem is: Ah Q is a farmer, but the spirit of Ah Q is a negative and shameful phenomenon. How to understand it? This is indeed a contradiction. To solve this problem well, I think we should look for the answer from the real society at that time, Ah Q itself and their relationship. This is my understanding of The True Story of Ah Q, and I hope everyone will criticize it! !
Fan Wener of The True Story of Ah Q:
Lu Xun is the founder of modern literature in China. "He is not only a great writer, but also a great thinker and revolutionary." He was born on September 25th, 188 1, a native of Shaoxing, Zhejiang. His original name is Zhou Zhangshou, and his name is Yucai. He changed his name to Shu Ren at the age of 18. 19 18 used the pseudonym "Lu Xun" for the first time when he published the first vernacular novel Diary of a Madman.
Lu Xun's novels are few in number, but of high quality. Luxun's novels are profound in thought and concise in technique, which is unprecedented not only in the history of China literature, but also rare in the history of world literature. The True Story of Ah Q is Lu Xun's most famous novel and the most important masterpiece of China's modern literature. Written in 192 1. It was first published in Morning Post, and later included in Scream.
The True Story of Ah Q takes Wei Zhuang before and after the Revolution of 1911 as the historical stage, takes the activities of the protagonist Ah Q as the clue, and focuses on criticizing Ah Q's morbid psychological and spiritual victory method to organize materials. In the process of artistic creation, the author not only summarizes the typical character of Ah Q from the real society of China and based on the real life of farmers, but also designs Wei Zhuang, a remote and backward rural area in the south of the Yangtze River, as a typical environment for Ah Q's life, focusing on an important historical event such as the Revolution of 1911. The image of Ah Q not only has distinct personality characteristics, but also has profound typical significance. In this sense, The True Story of Ah Q is a mirror of rural life during the Revolution of 1911, a profound portrayal of the slave life of the working people in old China, and a microcosm of the modern history of ethnic oppression in China.
Ah Q, there is not a tile on the top, and there is not an inch of land under it. He lives alone in Tugu Temple and only makes a living by doing short-term jobs for others. In him, the most striking feature is the "spiritual victory method": bring disgrace to oneself and bring disgrace to oneself are self-deprecating and narcissistic. His "spiritual victory law" was widely representative at that time, which was not only unique to the lower class farmers like Ah Q, but also reflected some national characteristics.
In the face of imperialist aggression and humiliation, the rulers at that time still called themselves "China", indulged in the comfort of "Oriental spiritual civilization" and advocated that Chinese civilization was "looked up to by the whole world". Is this different from Ah Q's "spiritual victory method"? Looking at the present, the society is developing continuously and people's living standards are improving, but there are still many "Ah Q" who are ignorant and idle, complaining about others all day, not striving for progress, and gradually degenerate into a social burden. These people are pathetic and pathetic.
The fierce heart of the lion, the cowardice of the rabbit and the cunning of the fox. This is Lu Xun's description of the character of rural local tyrants and evil gentry in Diary of a Madman. Grandpa Zhao and his son were representatives of local tyrants and evil gentry in rural areas at that time. In the novels, they basically do not show kindness, but are arrogant because of wealth and prestige, and timid because of corruption and decline. They deprived Ah Q of his minimum right to exist. They can have wives of their own, but they appear as defenders of feudal ethics to punish Ah Q who courted my mother. News of the revolution reached Wei Zhuang, and they humbly called Ah Q "Old Q". When they saw the overwhelming revolutionary storm, they speculated and became a destructive force in the revolutionary ranks.
When creating the typical image of Ah Q, Mr. Lu Xun pays great attention to the relaxation of plot and the details of light and shade: the activities of the protagonist Ah Q are exposed, while those of other foil characters are hidden. The activities of Ah Q in Wei Zhuang are described in a complicated way, while those in the city are understated. In addition, Mr. Lu Xun is also good at satirical and humorous language.
Lu Xun's intention in writing The True Story of Ah Q can be expressed as follows: focusing on enlightenment, he wrote about the life in old China, mainly about the suffering, indignation and ignorance of the exploited and oppressed working people, hoping to improve this miserable life and awaken the sleeping people.
Fan Wensan of The True Story of Ah Q:
After reading The True Story of Ah Q written by Lu Xun, I found that Ah Q written by Lu Xun is a typical example of China people who have fallen in the old society. Why did Mr. Lu Xun write this article? I think he just wants to vent his views on human weakness! So Mr. Lu Xun satirically wrote about the morbid society of China people and the goodness and ugliness of human nature. From this article, what I feel most is that Ah Q tramples on human rights, and he feels that he is always right in the "spiritual victory law". This is really a bad idea, so I want to discuss it from this aspect. The method of "spiritual victory" was invented by Ah Q after suffering various setbacks. To put it mildly, it is the spiritual victory method. In fact, it is simply an ostrich mentality. When you encounter difficulties, you just go underground, which will not really solve the problem. It can only turn around and run.
In today's society, if someone wants to survive by spiritual victory, I think it should be very difficult! Because it is impossible for a boss to use such employees, let alone have this mentality when working or studying again. I think people with this mentality will be miserable in the future, and even among classmates may be untenable. In the article, in order to reduce the oppression and humiliation brought by external forces, Ah Q can only escape from reality through self-paralysis and self-deception. Because of this, Ah Q comforted himself with conceit, so he got deeper and deeper, which made Ah Q live in his own world. Perhaps the method of spiritual victory is a philosophy of life for the weak who lack self-confidence. They are obviously at a disadvantage, but because of various external losses, they can only use the method of spiritual victory to get spiritual comfort, but this is only a method of self-anesthesia, which will not make them better and stronger, so it can also be said that it is a manifestation of self-abandonment.
Also because of Ah Q's low social status, he can only make a living by selling his own labor. In the article, he wrote to others to do short-term work, cut wheat, chop rice and punt. But Ah Q doesn't even have the basic right to exist. He doesn't have his own land, and he doesn't even have a house to live in. He must stay in the local temple for many years, and then he must be forced to accept money. This phenomenon makes me feel very helpless. There seems to be a similar phenomenon in today's society. It seems that the rich are the boss in society, and the poor can only play as toys under the rich. In a society without human rights, can he sympathize with these practices?
These are some of the places I have experienced and pondered the most after reading this book. Although the satire of China people written by Mr. Lu Xun is worthless, what Mr. Lu Xun wants to tell us should be don't stand still, don't live in your own world, and don't treat others too selfishly, otherwise you will never make progress.
Fan Siwen in The True Story of Ah Q;
As we all know, The True Story of Ah Q is not only the most outstanding novel of Lu Xun, but also the most outstanding novel in modern China literature. The so-called "A Q is the number of articles in the open era". The novel focuses on creating an image of Ah Q full of spiritual victory, which not only highly summarizes the similarities and differences of backward farmers during the Revolution of 1911, but also summarizes some human weaknesses of all the people in China at that time, revealing the people's inferiority. No matter from the depth and breadth of artistic generalization, the image of Ah Q is above that of China's modern literature. On the other hand, its image-building techniques are also quite ingenious. Its accurate description of the environment, wonderful dialogue description, profound and realistic psychological performance, cold and abrupt, implicit and concise and ironic language are all amazing. It can be said that The True Story of Ah Q has become an insurmountable peak for future generations, and many aspects of it are models for modern people to learn.
However, just as the radiant sun inevitably has sunspots, the true story of Ah Q is not flawless. At the end of the ninth chapter of "Happy Reunion", I wrote the psychological description of Ah Q's eyes before his execution, which had obvious artistic trauma.
When Ah Q saw those people waiting to cheer for the murder, the author wrote: "At this moment, his thoughts whirled in his mind like a whirlwind. Four years ago, he met a hungry wolf at the foot of the mountain and never came near to follow him, trying to eat his meat. He was almost scared to death. Fortunately, he has a firewood knife in his hand, which gives him courage and supports him to the end. But always remember the wolf's eyes, fierce and timid, shining like two jack-o'-lanterns, which seemed to penetrate his flesh from a distance. And this time he will see more terrible eyes that he has never seen before. They are blunt and sharp. They not only chewed his words, but also chewed things other than his skin and flesh, and they will never go near him. These eyes seem to be connected and have bitten his soul there. "
For spectators, Lu Xun is unforgettable and abhorrent. When I was studying medicine in Japan, I watched a slide show and saw foreigners killing China people. Other China people were watching, and my face was numb. That scene greatly stimulated Lu Xun and was fixed in his mind. He believes that "all stupid and weak citizens, no matter how healthy and strong, can only be meaningless propaganda materials and spectators", and the first thing they have to do is to heal their souls, and then abandon medicine to join the army and transform the country. Lu Xun exposed and criticized the ugliness of the audience in many works. He wrote in Medicine that when Hua Laoshuan went to buy human blood steamed bread, the ugliness of those spectators was: they gathered in twos and threes to form a semicircle, and their necks stretched out very long, as if there were many ducks being carried by invisible hands; In "Blessing", the author wrote that people's sympathy for maggots is to watch and listen to her sad story about Amao again and again with Sister Xianglin. In the novel Show the Public, Lu Xun used the whole novel to reveal the inner darkness of the spectators. In the previous article "The True Story of Ah Q", I wrote that the ugliness of Ah Q is that when I came back from the city, I told others that the Revolutionary Party was killed, and I also talked about "decapitation, good-looking! Look good! " In his essays, there are also many criticisms of this hobby of watching the fun and beheading. Here, Lu Xun once again used sharp and sharp language to penetrate the flesh of the spectator and vividly absorb the soul of the spectator. This description really makes the article more critical and the theme of the work more profound. However, although this depiction has achieved great success in thought, it is a failure in art, which does not conform to the truth of art. First, in Ah Q's spiritual realm, he would not have such thoughts. Ah Q is a numb and confused ordinary person who is full of spiritual victory and good at self-deception. Not to mention, before, when deciding his own life and death, he didn't know what was going on, but he was determined to draw a circle in a daze. Until he went to the execution ground, he didn't wake up like Dou E, but he lied to himself by shouting "Another one in 20 years", and even had no hatred for the society that killed him. Ah Q is so sad and pitiful. How did the sad and poor Ah Q suddenly have a profound thought and a profound understanding of the spectators? Didn't ah q used to be a spectator? Don't say ah q, even if you are a sober intellectual and have a certain understanding of the darkness of society at that time, how many people can realize the ugliness and darkness of the spectator's heart? This description obviously doesn't conform to the truth of Ah Q's thought, but the author Lu Xun couldn't bear it when he wrote here, so he turned to expose and attack the spectators who interacted with Ah Q. It is the author who replaced Ah Q's thoughts with his own, which is obviously a taboo in literary creation and a failure in art. Second, even if Ah Q has such profound thoughts, even if the content of this association is reasonable for Ah Q, under the circumstances at that time, a person who is about to be shot will never show such deep hatred for the spectators. He may hate the so-called revolutionary party that wronged him; I may still hate the fake foreign devils for not allowing their own revolution, so that they fall into today's ending; May be afraid to let Hu Xiaoling know this joke; I may also think to myself, whoever dares to commit the crime of beheading in front of Zhuang, I dare, so I died contentedly; Of course, it is more likely to think nothing, just fear before death. In a word, in any case, at the last moment before he died, he would not only think of onlookers. This description of the author is also distorted in art.
Perhaps the author knows all this, but as of the writing of this article, the author's hatred of spectators has been difficult to control with reason, not to mention whether Ah Q has such profound thoughts and whether it is possible to have such associations at this moment. Anyway, even if he is taboo, even if he makes artistic sacrifices, he will throw his sharp dagger at the spectators. Perhaps the author can't solve the conflict between thought and art here, so he has to give up art and seek thought. Although The True Story of Ah Q has such artistic defects, we can still understand the author's good intentions. Besides, after all, flaws don't hide Yu. Even so, The True Story of Ah Q is still one of the best novels in China's modern literature.