Innovative thinking is the key to innovation. It is the highest level of human thinking and the essence and core of the entire innovation activity. Below are the basic concepts and characteristics of innovative thinking that I have compiled. I hope you can gain insights from them!

Basic concepts of innovative thinking

Innovative thinking refers to solving problems with novel and original methods Through this kind of thinking, we can break through the boundaries of conventional thinking, think about problems with unconventional or even unconventional methods and perspectives, and propose unique solutions, thereby generating novel, original, and socially meaningful thinking. Results.

About the characteristics of innovative thinking

(1) Unconventionality, also known as “novelty”

(2) Initiative, also known as “activity”

　(3) Fluency, also known as fluidity

　(4) Flexibility, or multi-directionality

　(5) Comprehensiveness, refers to creativity Thinking often involves whole-hearted devotion

Quotes about innovative thinking

1. It is necessary to liberate children’s minds, hands, feet, space and time, so that they can fully get a free life and start from a free life. get a real education.

2. A person with genius will never follow ordinary people’s way of thinking. -- Stendhal

3. Innovation requires a certain amount of inspiration. This inspiration is not innate, but comes from long-term accumulation and full-time investment. Without accumulation, there will be no innovation. --Wang Yening

4. Science also needs creation and fantasy. Only with fantasy can we break the shackles of tradition and develop science. --Guo Moruo

5. Since people love to eat things like crabs, then some people must have eaten spiders, but they later stopped eating them when they found out they were not delicious, but they were the first to eat them. A crab man must be a warrior. --Lu Xun

6. Raising a question is often more important than solving a problem, because solving a problem may be just a mathematical or experimental skill, while raising new questions and new possibilities, Looking at old problems from a new perspective requires creative imagination and marks real progress in science.

7. Knowing what things should be like means that you are a smart person; knowing what things actually are like means that you are an experienced person; knowing how to make things better means that you are an experienced person. Talented people.

8. Distance has disappeared, either innovate or die. --Thomas Peters

9. Education is the main base for the dissemination and application of knowledge innovation, and it is also the cradle of cultivating innovative spirit and innovative talents.

10. Creativity is the most versatile tool for human beings. Creative opportunities and creative problems abound. The key is whether we can learn to use this tool and whether we can discover these opportunities and problems.

11. The highest ideal in life is to seek to achieve the truth.

The basic form of creative thinking

(1) Theoretical thinking Theory can generally be understood as a system of principles, which is a systematic rational understanding. Theoretical thinking refers to the form of thinking that systematizes rational understanding. Engels once pointed out: If a nation wants to stand at the highest peak of science, it must not be without theoretical thinking for a moment. ?Because theoretical thinking is scientific and truthful. Any theoretical thinking that is confusing or does not conform to objective laws will result in either little effect or failure. Theoretical thinking is often used in practice. For example, systems engineering is a management method that uses system theoretical thinking to deal with various related issues within the three systems. Comrade Qian Xuesen believes that systems engineering is a scientific method of planning, research, design, creation, testing and use of organizational management. It is a scientific method that has universal significance for all systems. Another example is the "similarity theory" proposed by someone, which is also a category of scientific theoretical thinking. Some people saw that birds have wings and can fly, so they invented airplanes based on similar principles such as bird wings, bird body geometry, aerodynamics, and flight functions. Some people invented airplanes. Also known as "bionics". There are many areas where theoretical thinking must often be applied, such as the induction and summary of some natural and social laws, and the understanding and analysis of some issues. Therefore, theoretical thinking is a basic form of thinking.

(2) Intuitive thinking Intuitive thinking generally refers to the feeling of external things in people's brains in practice. It has the characteristics of vividness, concreteness and directness, and is an important way to develop people's creativity. The basis of thinking. Intuitive thinking depends on observation. Imagination and memory. Einstein had a model of thinking process: experience? intuition? concepts (assumptions)? logical reasoning? ideal practice. In creative activities, people often rely on the degree of accumulation of knowledge. The more knowledge is stored in people's minds, the stronger the foundation for creativity. Painters must first have intuitive thinking about the colors, marks, layouts, characters, and buildings of nature before they can create. When Matsushita from Japan goes out, he often brings a magnifying glass, tape measure, calculator and other tools to generate creative and intuitive thinking through observation and calculation. Comrade Mao Zedong's article "Where Do People's Correct Thoughts Come from" profoundly understood the principle that understanding comes from practice and that intuitive thinking arises in practice.

French geographer Wegener proposed the "continental drift theory", which can be intuitively seen from the very similar shape of the landforms on the map between a protruding part of Brazil and a concave part of the coast of Cameroon in Africa; Ikeda Kikunae discovered that "MSG" is also the same. I thought of it from the intuition of cucumber soup on the dinner table; etc. Many inventions are created through intuitive thinking.

(3) Tendency thinking Tendency thinking is also a basic form of thinking, that is, people often think from a certain purpose and tendency in the thinking process. In the process of creative thinking, this form of thinking is often used. It generally means that the creator starts from a certain tendency by coming into contact with something, that is, when thinking about a certain problem, either intentionally or unintentionally, or normally or accidentally. Suddenly I had an enlightenment and found the way to create success. People's understanding of things is not entirely linear, sometimes it is tortuous, and it even takes many repetitions before they can understand things. No matter what the situation, there will be opportunities for "trigger" and "media", which will accidentally and unintentionally stimulate new creative ideas. As the saying goes, "more thinking leads to wisdom". This kind of thinking is also called inspired thinking. Comrade Qian Xuesen believes that inspiration in creative thinking is a form of thinking that is different from image thinking and abstract thinking. In creative practice, there are many examples of success due to the role of inclined thinking. This kind of stimulation often lies in creativity and creative activities. For example, when the Russian portrait painter Mikhailov was creating a painting of a man with an angry face, he couldn't draw it well. Later, when he saw the old painting with wax and oil stains, he suddenly noticed the strange shapes stained by the grease. Get inspired to make that scowl painting a success. Dunlop invented the pneumatic tire. He was originally a doctor in Scotland. He saw his son riding a hard-wheeled bicycle bumpily on the cobblestone road. He was very afraid of his falling and kept thinking about whether he could use a new shock-absorbing tire instead. By chance, he discovered that the inflated rubber tube was both elastic and rigid, which triggered the creation of the Dunlop pneumatic tire. These all show that tendencies can develop people's creative abilities.

(4) Associative thinking: Objective things have certain interconnections. Things with various connections are often reflected in people's minds and form various associations. Associative thinking refers to the psychological process of understanding one thing by associating it with another. In the general thinking process, associative thinking is often used. For example, it is common to think of something distant relative or something to think of something else. There are also many successful examples of Lenovo thinking in creating inventions and developing people's creativity. For example, the employees of the Shanghai Rubber Model Factory innovated the process of making an automatic winding machine for photoelectric tracking tire molds, which is a good example. In the past, rubber tire metal molds were processed by hand winding, which took a lot of time. Later, they were inspired when they visited the automatic pattern cutting machine in the Shanghai Shipyard, and thought that this principle could be applied to the winding machine, and later achieved success through practice. .Now it only takes 3 days to automatically wind a tire metal mold. The mechanical feed braking safety device of the Shanghai Lighting Factory originally adopted the principle of photoelectric mold control. Due to the rotational inertia of the punch, there was a buffer distance and unreliable factors. Later, they associated it with the brake principle of a train brake and associated it with a key. The mechanical part of the punch press can also be changed to a holding brake type to make the photoelectric safety device more reliable. Later, they were inspired by the gear brake of the flat lathe, so that after the photoelectric signal is generated, the slider of the two punch machines can brake immediately within one-third of a second, and can brake at any position of the 360-degree rotation, ensuring that Safe production. These. They are all inspired by associative thinking, which also shows that associative thinking can develop people's creativity.

(5) Connection and anti-connection thinking refers to the relevant connection and separation of things, as well as the interdependence, mutual restriction and mutual transformation between the two parties or things within the things. This form of thinking is also widespread in creative activities. Through connection, an item can become a new item with multiple functions. For example, by connecting an electronic watch with a ball-point pen, it becomes a ball-point pen with an electronic watch; by connecting a flashlight with a pen, it can be made into a light pen with a light source; and it can also be used as a timer, a stopwatch, a calculator, and a timer. A multi-functional watch; a heating cup that is connected with a thermos cup using the principle of an electric stove; a pencil with a molded rubber tip, which is the connection between an eraser and a pencil; a dress is a connection between a shirt and a skirt; a catamaran passenger liner is made up of two The connection of the hulls. Anti-connection thinking is a kind of decomposition thinking that is opposite to connection. It decomposes two or more combined substances to produce new substances and new uses. For example, water (H2O) can be decomposed into hydrogen and oxygen. Water absorbs oxygen through rare earth substances and becomes hydrogen fuel. It can be used in conjunction with gasoline, etc. to save energy. Another example is that the handle of a commonly used umbrella is too long and difficult to carry. So the handle is decomposed It can be folded into two or three sections that can be retracted. This is a foldable umbrella. The acrobatic troupe's unicycle is also decomposed from a two-wheeled bicycle. There is also a kind of reverse thinking, which is to think in the opposite direction of a certain substance. For example, it has developed from a warship floating on the water to a submarine sinking to the bottom of the water, and so on.

(6) Image thinking: Image thinking is a way of thinking that selects, analyzes and synthesizes various phenomena in life, and then artistically shapes them. In the process of image thinking, it never breaks away from the specific image. and contains the strong emotions of the creator. Image thinking is the main thinking activity and way of thinking used in the process of literary and artistic creation.

Gorky once said: Literary creation mainly uses images to think, which is the "thinking" of art. Many of the lifelike artistic models created by Mr. Lu Xun, such as Ah Q, Xianglin's Wife, Hua Laoshuan, etc., were selected and analyzed based on various characters and events in real life. It is created through comprehensive summary and artistic processing. Image thinking is also a way of thinking often used in scientific and technological inventions. For example, the French chemist Kesler was inspired to succeed when he saw a silver snake dancing in his sleep when he created the benzene ring. Another example is that the various lifelike bonsais created in modern times are also the result of image thinking.

(7) Logical thinking Logical thinking is different from image thinking. It uses scientific abstract concepts to reveal the nature of things and express the results of understanding reality. It is the process of people’s understanding using concepts and judgments. , reasoning, the process of reflecting reality. Logical thinking is a rigorous scientific form of thinking, and it must fully comply with objective laws. The strength of this thinking ability is closely related to the breadth of knowledge. It is directly related to the success rate and the length of time to create results. From the time when Leibniz in France proposed mathematical logic in the 18th century, after many people's research, to the time when Russell and Whitehead in the UK co-authored "Principles of Mathematics", mathematical logic has embarked on a path of vigorous development. The invention of electronic computers is an achievement created under the guidance of logical thinking. Even in literary and artistic creation, logical thinking cannot be completely separated. Any creation is not the subjective conjecture of scientists, but the result of observation, analysis, judgment, reasoning, and logical thinking that conforms to objective laws. In our daily life and work. Logical thinking is widely used; in increasingly widespread creative activities, logical thinking is used consciously and actively to cultivate creative abilities; in the process of researching, predicting, and developing the future, logical thinking abilities will occupy an extremely important position . It should be noted that applying logic predicts the future. Researching and developing people's creative abilities is a very important link.

(8) Divergent Thinking and Centralized Thinking The concept of divergent thinking was first proposed by Woodworth in 1918. Later, Spearman and Cartier used it as a "fluency" factor. And using it, Guilford more clearly put forward divergent thinking and concentrated thinking as intellectual operations in "The Three-Dimensional Model of Intellectual Structure". After the 1950s, through research on divergent thinking, three dimensions of divergent thinking were proposed: fluency (referring to the amount of divergence), flexibility (referring to the flexibility of divergence), and originality (referring to the novelty component of divergence). These characteristics are important elements of creative thinking. Psychologists have developed divergent thinking tests to measure creative thinking, and intelligence tests to measure concentrated thinking. In this way, creative thinking and distributive thinking are gradually equated, resulting in a tendency to exclude centralized thinking from creative thinking. Of course, in real life, there is creative thinking that only uses divergent thinking; mainly refers to the kind of questions that have multiple answers. If asked to ask various questions about a short story, the subject can give a variety of answers. But in most cases, especially if a newly answered problem is to be solved creatively, it must be divergent and then concentrated, in order to gradually lead to the correct conclusion. Therefore, we believe that divergent thinking is indeed the most important component of creative thinking, but in creative thinking activities, the relationship between divergent thinking and concentrated thinking is a dialectical relationship and complement each other.

　

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