At the end of the Han Dynasty, Dong Zhuo's chaotic politics was a watershed, and various governors fell into a white-hot merger pattern. However, judging from the situation at that time, four generations and three publics? The Yuan Shao family is undoubtedly the most powerful separatist force among the northern governors, while the weak Cao Cao has left Liu Chen. Divide the family wealth and join the righteous? Since the uprising, Lu Bu, Zhang Xiu and Li Jue have been defeated successively, and their forces have reached the north of the Yellow River.
After that, Cao Cao confronted Yuan Shao in Guandu. Not worthy of the name? Cao Cao's "Wu Di Ji" contains: Less than ten thousand soldiers, twelve or thirteen wounded? And Yuan Shao is a northern tycoon. A person's close disciples and followers are all over the world? Yuan Shao, on the other hand, took Hebei, Binhe, Youqing and Qinghai as his base camp, with more than 165438+ 10,000 soldiers, grain and string control. The two armies confronted each other and the situation was clear.
Just as the two armies were dying, Yuan Shao's counselor Xu You defected to Cao Cao that night. Cao Cao rushed out to meet the enemy and burned Wu Chao's route for providing foodstuff with Xu You's clever plan. Yuan Jun suffered a crushing defeat and beheaded 70,000 people, dominating the north in one fell swoop.
After pacifying the north, Cao Cao took Liu Cong, killed Kong Rong and drove Liu Bei away. The overall situation in the north is under control, and Cao Cao, who is complacent, said: If there were no orphans in the world, I wonder how many people would be king and how many people would be king? . As far as the general trend of the world is concerned, Cao Cao's words are inevitably arrogant, but they also hit the core of actual disadvantages.
Who is Cao Cao? So is Xiong Xiong! In the words of Xu Shao, a super big V at the end of the Eastern Han Dynasty: Son can rule the world, gone with treacherous men? The development of history just confirms Xu Shaojing's comments.
After the battle of Guandu, Cao Cao became more and more ambitious and heroic. Finally, in the 13th year of Jian 'an (AD 208), he led a mighty army of 800,000 people to attack Wu.
On the night of the full moon in the winter, Cao Cao stood at the bow of the boat and drank the river with wine, and wrote poems for the generals. With this, I broke the yellow turban insurrectionary, captured Lu Bu alive, destroyed Yuan Shu, collected Yuan Shao, went deep into Saibei, and reached Liaodong, overwhelming: quite worthy of every man's ambition. ?
Slightly hectares, impromptu "short lines":
Singing to wine, life geometry: for example, morning dew, going to Japan is much harder. Generous and unforgettable; Du Kang is the only one who can solve the problem. Green and green, leisurely in my heart; But for your sake, I've thought it over. Yo yo Luming Literature, wild apple; I have a group of good guests, playing the piano and playing the piano. As clear as the moon, when can I stop? Trouble comes from this and cannot be cut off! The more strange, the more useless; Talk about the banquet and miss the old grace. The moon stars are rare, and the black magpies fly south; Turn around the tree three times, what branches can you rely on? The mountain is not high, and the water is not deep: the duke of Zhou vomited, and the world returned to his heart.
After the song, everyone thundered and the atmosphere was peaceful. As Cao Cao's soldiers pointed out, Sun Wu's six counties seemed within reach.
However, Cao Cao is still crying with joy. Battle of Red Cliffs, Sun and Liu allied forces skillfully borrowed the east wind to burn the northern warships, and the fire borrowed the wind, and the wind helped the fire. The flames merged into a river, and Cao Cao was defeated. Cao Cao led the troops to flee to the north in a mess.
Battle of Red Cliffs, why is Cao Cao almost completely annihilated?
The analysis given by Zhou Yu, a famous Soochow player, is: Now the northern land is uneven, and Ma Chao and Han Sui are still in Kansai, which is Cao Cao's future trouble; And fuck the pommel horse, fight the boat, and compete with wuyue. Today, the cold horse has no grass; Driving China scholars to travel far and wide. If you are not used to water and soil, you will get sick. This figure is also suffering from the use of troops, but Cao Cao is taking risks. Is it appropriate for the general to fuck the bird today? (see son).
It can be said that Zhou Yu's words are incisive, pointing out the fatal wound of 800 thousand troops from the aspects of the current situation, foot soldiers, climate, trench and region.
And Zhuge Liang also made an accurate prediction of the current situation: Cao Cao's men, exhausted from a long distance, rode around for more than 300 miles. What's this called? A spent force cannot pass through Lu Tao? And ... Northerners don't learn to fight in water; What's more, Jingzhou people are attached to operators, forcing soldiers to take advantage of the situation. They are not convinced? (see son).
Judging from Zhou Yu's and Zhuge Liang's judgments on the current situation, great minds think alike. With this dead hole, can Ann be unbeaten?
As far as the grim situation of life and death at that time was concerned, what Zhuge Liang and Zhou Yu said was not unreasonable. They judge the balance tendency of war from the perspective of military strategists, so as to seize fighters and defeat the strong with the weak.
However, I think that the most fundamental reason for Battle of Red Cliffs's fiasco is that Cao Cao, who was carried away by a series of victories, violated the historical trend.
Why do you see Cao Cao's complacent attitude? According to the reflection? Jia Xu Biography records:? Mao broke Jingzhou and wanted to go downstream. Xu Jian said: In the past, Yuan Jia was broken, but now Hanan is connected, with a far-reaching reputation and great military potential. If you take advantage of Lao Chu's generosity, entertain officials, comfort the people and make the land peaceful and happy, you can take care of Jiangdong without labor. ? If Mao does not obey, the army will not benefit. ?
According to the "Three Kingdoms"? Cheng Yuchuan:? Sun Quanxin is in power, and his family is not afraid. Cao Gong is invincible in the world. He mentioned Jingzhou first, which is a great prestige. Although he has a plan, he can't be alone. Liu Bei's reputation is abroad, Guan Yu and Zhang Fei are enemies, and power will be used to defend me. It is difficult to understand the potential, be prepared, and kill if it is not available. ?
Jia Xu and Cheng Yu, as the chief advisers of Cao Cao, obviously did not support Cao Cao's sweeping across Jiangdong, but Cao Cao did not listen to the opinions of the two think tanks. In contrast, when Cao Cao fought in the North, almost all of them obeyed these advisers. However, as Battle of Red Cliffs drew near, Cao Cao put aside the high opinions of the counselors. It serves to show that Cao lost his cool head and an open-minded attitude at this time.
So what is the historical trend at this time?
Objectively speaking, from the end of the Eastern Han Dynasty to the eve of Battle of Red Cliffs, Kyushu, China experienced a 24-year warlord melee. Years of war have made the people miserable, so that even Cao Cao himself lamented? Bones are exposed in the wild for thousands of miles without snoring? During this period, the population of China dropped sharply from 60 million at the end of the Eastern Han Dynasty to 23 million, and the population turnover rate was as high as 60%.
After Cao Cao unified the north, the long-term war turmoil has already reassured the people, but where is Jiangdong? It's been three generations, and the country is in danger of the people? Jiangnan people live and work in peace and contentment, and the economy is growing at a high speed. National tax re-boiled rice, township tribute eight silkworms? (Wu Dufu).
Therefore, from the changes of people's thinking and economic development, the pursuit of social stability and harmony has become an irresistible historical trend.
In addition, the second historical trend of Cao Cao's disobedience is rushing. On the eve of Battle of Red Cliffs, counselor Cheng Yu proposed? Liu Bei's reputation is abroad, Guan Yu and Zhang Fei are enemies, so we must use power to defend me? It seems that Cao Cao refused to accept Cheng Yu's admonition with noncommittal attitude.
Cao Cao was unwise because he walked too fast after fighting for the Central Plains to wipe out the north, thinking that he was destined to return, and he had no foresight and rationality in those years.
Yuan Shao's sons, Yuan Yuan and Yuan Shang, fled to Gongsun Kang after Yuan Shao's defeat in the battle of Guandu. Convince Cao to attack? But Cao Caolai replied? Is to make Kang Chashang, keep, don't disturb the soldiers. This puzzling words soon caught Yuan and Yuan Shang's head.
Until the end, Cao Jun's generals didn't understand the secret, but Cao Cao said that he was afraid of waiting, so I would work together in a hurry, and I would draw it myself later. What happened? It shows that Cao Cao is familiar with Sun Tzu's Art of War, which also happens to be related to Sun Tzu's Art of War? Chapter 9:? Wu couples and Vietnamese hate each other. When they are in the same boat and encounter strong winds, their rescue is like a right-hand man? Psychological tactics coincide.
It can be seen that both Cheng Yu and Cao Cao have foreseen the trend of Sun Liu's alliance with Cao Cao, but Cao Cao, who is well versed in the art of war, is too paranoid to unify the whole country, just like a runaway wild horse constantly immersed in the fantasy of victory, and finally falls tragically in the face of a huge historical wave, becoming a pain that can never be erased.
As Dr. Sun Yat-sen said more than 1000 years later: The world trend is vast. If you follow it, you will succeed. If you disobey it, you will die. As the famous saying goes, all behaviors that go against the trend of the relationship between nature and human beings will eventually be eliminated by history. If Cao Cao goes with the trend, how can the world be unreasonable?