During the Spring and Autumn Period, wars were frequent, and diplomatic activities between vassal states were also frequent. The diplomatic rhetoric of managing wealth, literature and beauty has become one of the most dazzling parts of Zuo Zhuan. For example, the reply written by Gong Gong in "The Battle of Jin, Qin and Han Dynasties" in fifteen years not only acknowledged that the State of Jin had been defeated by the State of Qin, but also showed that the State of Jin was United as an enemy and would never yield. It not only expressed the grief of the people of Jin State for the capture of Jin, but also explained the truth that Qin State should be released. Go deep into the other person's heart, grasp his psychology, be tactful, neither supercilious nor supercilious, be reasonable, and be properly measured, so that the other person can't help but be impressed. Another example is Zhan Xi, which has been published for twenty-six years:

Qi Hou didn't enter the customs, so Zhan followed him. On that day, he said, "It will be a shame for my city to hear you raise your jade toe so that I can be a priest and a deacon." Qi Houri: "Are Lu people afraid?" Yes: "I'm afraid of villains, not gentlemen." Qi Houmu asked, "If the room is empty and there is no grass in the wild, why not be afraid?" Yes, he said, "orders from the king first. Yesterday, Duke Zhou and Dagong. With the help of the clamp, the perifemoral cavity becomes king. When the king worked hard, he gave him an alliance, saying,' There will be no harm from generation to generation.' In the joint hospital, and it is a master's post. (Qi) Duke Huan wanted to correct the princes, seek their discord, close their gaps and save their disasters, so he showed his old post. When the monarch ascended the throne, the ministers looked forward to Sun:' His contribution is to Huan.' I dare not get together in our city and say,' Will he inherit the world for nine years and give up his life? What if it's the late king? "You won't. Rely on this fearlessly. " So is Hou Ji.

Zhan didn't criticize Qi's invasion with righteous words, but quoted classics to show that since the founding of the People's Republic of China, Qi and Lu had a non-aggression treaty. Qi Huangong still abides by the covenant, so Lu doesn't believe that the guild has violated himself. With these words, the etiquette is ready, and the needle is hidden in cotton, which makes Qi Hong Xiao speechless. He had to fight his way out. For example, the dialogue between Zhao Ling and Guan Zhong in the fourth year of Gong, the questioning after Qu Gong resigned, the saying that Qin retired in the third year of Gong, the questioning of Chu Wang in the third year of Gong, and the uniqueness in Lu Xiang Jue Qin in the thirteenth year of Gong.

See textbook P63 for the answer analysis.

Knowledge points of this topic: historical essays such as Zuo Zhuan and Warring States Policy,