What historical sites of the Lei Cheng Uk Han Tomb Museum bear witness to the history of Hong Kong?
According to archaeologists’ inference, the tomb was built during the Eastern Han Dynasty. Fifty-eight cultural relics were unearthed from Han tombs, including at least 33 complete cultural relics, such as stone house models and various pottery and bronze vessels. However, no bones were found in the Han tomb.
The layout of the Han tomb is in the shape of a "ten". There are 4 tomb chambers in one cell, namely the front chamber, the back chamber, the right ear chamber and the left ear chamber. The middle part is the dome. The entrance passage to the chamber was destroyed before it was officially unearthed.
The tomb is a brick chamber tomb, made of bricks with an average length of 40 cm, a width of 20 cm and a thickness of 5 cm. Most of the tomb bricks are plain, but some bricks are engraved with more than 10 patterns and characters on the sides, including "Daji Panyu", "Panyu Dazhi Li" and "Xue Shi".
[History] Hong Kong’s history can be traced back to the Neolithic Age five thousand years ago.
After Qin Shihuang unified China, three counties in Nanhai, Guilin and Xiangjun were established. Hong Kong is Panyu County in Nanhai County in China. From then on, Hong Kong will be placed under the jurisdiction of the Central Government. part. During the Han Dynasty, Hong Kong was based in Boluo County in the South China Sea.
In the sixth year of Xianhe (331 AD), Hong Kong was based on Bao'an County, Dongguan County. In the Sui Dynasty, Hong Kong was based on Bao'an County, Nanhai County, Guangzhou Prefecture.
During the De period of the Tang Dynasty (757 AD), Bao'an County was changed to Dongguan County, and Hong Kong was still based on Dongguan County. During the Song and Yuan Dynasties, a large number of mainland people lived south of Hong Kong, which promoted Hong Kong's economy and culture.
In the first year of Wanli of the Ming Dynasty (1573), it was based on the new county. Hong Kong is an excellent deep-water port, and Britain's early China and Hong Kong's Victoria Harbor have always been regarded as one of the three natural harbors in the world. It has an excellent port and the potential of the Opium War in East Asia was won here. In order to develop maritime trade in the Far East and expand Hong Kong's history, it became a British colony.
30. Hong Kong was a British colony from 1842 to 1997. On July 1, 1997, Hong Kong returned to China.
The three parts of the territory (Hong Kong Island, Kowloon, and the New Territories) come from unequal treaties in three different periods. After the First Opium War in 1840, Britain forced the Qing Dynasty to sign the Treaty of Nanjing in 1842 and cede Hong Kong Island.
In 1856, the British and French forces launched the Second Opium War, forcing The Qing Dynasty signed the "Treaty of Beijing" in 1860, ceding the Kowloon Peninsula and the area south of the territorial boundary street in 1894. After the Sino-Japanese Sino-Japanese War of 1894, the British forced the Qing Dynasty to sign the "Treaty of Peking" in 1898. Hong Kong's special boundary address provides for forced lease of the New Territories for a period of 99 years until June 30, 1997.
By leasing the New Territories, the area of ??Hong Kong has expanded tenfold. .
Place name [source] There are two widely circulated theories about the origin of the name. Famous quote: Names and spices.
During the Song and Yuan Dynasties, it was under the management of Dongguan. From the Ming Dynasty, on Hong Kong Island, the transshipment of southern Guangdong spices was distributed in a small bay in the south of Hong Kong. It was famous for its transshipment capabilities in Dongguan, Guangdong, and was known as "Hong Kong".
Some people say that when the spices were transported, the quality was called "Rare in Hainan", and many kinds of spice industries, Hong Kong and spices grew together and became famous. The nearby spices were given as tribute to the emperor and created a peak incense and incense industry.
Later spice cultivation and transit gradually declined, but the name was retained. Said: Hong Kong is a natural harbor. The nearby stream is sweet and delicious. Sailors at sea often come here to drink water. As we all know, over time, the sweet stream flows. This stream is called "Hong Kong" and is formed by the alluvial deposits of the Hong Kong River into the sea. Small seaport, it came to be called "Hong Kong".
The British in Group A landed on the shore of Hong Kong Island Harbor, so they also named the entire island "Hong Kong". To this day, "Hong Kong" Hong Kong is still a nickname.
Although there are different versions, it is generally guaranteed that the name of Hong Kong first appeared in the Ming Dynasty. It originally referred to a small village in Hong Kong, a small bay on the island, and later expanded to the entire The island (Hong Kong Island) finally became the collective name for the entire area occupied by British colonists in the early 19th century. [Edit this paragraph] Geographic and climatic resources] Unique social and economic] Maintain its original social system and economic operating model. After Hong Kong's return, Hong Kong has an independent judicial system that is issued and circulated in Hong Kong. The currency Hong Kong dollar independently issues stamps (stamps marked "Hong Kong, China"), and participates in international sports events in the name of "Hong Kong, China".
Hong Kong "Hong Kong, China" participates in international sports events as an independent The World Trade Organization and other international organizations operate their own mature fiscal and financial systems and also have their own immigration policies. As of the end of 2007, citizens or residents of 170 countries and regions around the world can travel to Hong Kong without a visa.
[Return to Ten Years of Change In 2007, the tenth anniversary of Hong Kong's return to the motherland, ten years of stable development in Hong Kong is still the "Pearl of the Orient". The difficulties of the financial crisis, SARS, economic stabilization, and development have improved people's livelihood. Strong economic growth has returned in 2006. IPO funds raised exceeded New York, second only to London.
Ten years ago, the international community was worried about the future of Hong Kong. In 1995, the American "Fortune" magazine published an article "Hong Kong Has Been", predicting the relative decline of Hong Kong after the handover. On the eve of the tenth anniversary on June 28, " "Fortune" magazine published an article that frankly predicted that the prediction was completely wrong. For decades, Hong Kong's status as a Special Administrative Region has been continuously consolidated and enhanced.
Hong Kong Special Administrative Region passport holders can enter the country visa-free The number of regions has increased from four to 134 in June 2007. Hong Kong authorities have made a lot of efforts to this end. Hong Kong tourists said that it took four years to convince the EU to grant visa-free access to Hong Kong SAR passports. Japan has granted visa exemption for seven years, and exchanges between Hong Kong and the Mainland have been continuously strengthened.
The number of marriages between Hong Kong residents and Mainland residents increased by 7% year-on-year in 2006 compared with 1997. Times, the number of women marrying from Hong Kong residents to mainland residents has increased eightfold in the past 10 years. In the past 10 years, Hong Kong's economic structure has undergone significant changes: the proportion of manufacturing in GDP has increased from 8.3 in 1997 to 3.5. In 2006, the share of the service industry in GDP increased from 78.8 to 87.4. Between 1997 and 2006, the average annual net output of all service industries in Hong Kong increased by 2.4%.
Over the past 10 years, Hong Kong has continued to expand. Employment ranges from manufacturing to distribution trade, finance, insurance, real estate and business services, as well as community, social and personal services. Economic and trade status and international status Hong Kong is a free port except for tobacco, spirits and power fuels (gasoline, (Except for diesel, etc.), Hong Kong has no tariffs on imported items.
Hong Kong’s economy is characterized by free trade, low tax rates and less interference. Hong Kong has been named by well-known international rating agencies and organizations for many years. The world's freest economic system, Nobel Prize winner Milton Milton Friedman on Hong Kong Hong Kong as a model of a free economy. Hong Kong is the international financial center and international shipping center in the Asia-Pacific region, a regional trade center, and a superior location close to many countries and regions. The history of Shenzhen
According to historical data, as early as 1600 years ago, there was a wave of immigrants in Shenzhen, and mainlanders made great contributions to the development of Xin'an.
Among the six counties under the jurisdiction of Dongguan County, the first one is Baoan County. The county seat and the county seat are at the same place. It is a transportation hub for rivers and seas and an important coastal defense military town. Xin'an Ancient City created the source of Shenzhen's urban development and became the center of Shenzhen's political, economic and cultural life.
Historical changes are often reflected in the saying that "if we divide for a long time, we must unite, and if we unite for a long time, we must divide." The same is true for the development and changes of Xin'an Ancient City.
In the sixth year of Liang Tianjian (507), Dongguan County was changed to Dongguan County, and Chen moved the county administration to Zengcheng. In the second year of Emperor Suzong's reign (757), the name of Bao'an County was changed to Dongguan, and the county seat was moved from Nantou to today's Dongguan City.
After the Five Dynasties, Song and Yuan Dynasties, Shenzhen’s administrative affiliations had undergone some changes. The Nantou City we see today is the "Dongguan Guard Thousand Households City" built on the site of the old city by Cui Hao, the left guard of Guangzhou in the 27th year of Hongwu's reign in the Ming Dynasty (1394).
In the first year of Wanli of the Ming Dynasty (1573), Xin'an County was divided from Dongguan County, and the city was regarded as the county seat. /According to archaeological discoveries in recent years, Shenzhen has a history of 6,000 years.
According to information on underground archaeological excavations and ancient sites on the ground, Shenzhen has a long history. Pottery and stone tools discovered at the Dahuangsha and Dameisha dune sites show that humans were living in this beautiful and fertile land as early as the Neolithic Age, five or six thousand years ago.
Created Shenzhen’s glorious history and culture. It has been identified that Shenzhen has 103 cultural sites, 234 ancient tombs, 68 ancient buildings and historical memorial buildings, 97 modern historical sites and revolutionary memorial buildings, and 12 old customs stations and boundary monuments.
After screening, the city government has announced 36 cultural relics protection units in three batches. Among them, the boundary monuments of Dapeng City and "Zhongying Street" were recognized by the Provincial Government as provincial cultural relics protection units in 1989.
Shenzhen is located on the coast of the South China Sea, with coconut breeze and sea charm, fine waves and white sand, and pleasant scenery. It has always been regarded as the "Southern Gate of China and the Border Scenic Line". Since the Eastern Jin Dynasty, Shenzhen has played an important role in politics, culture, economy, transportation, coastal defense and military affairs.
Archaeological materials prove that as early as the Neolithic Age, five or six thousand years ago, humans were working, living, and multiplying in the beautiful and fertile land of Shenzhen. Since the Qin Dynasty, the Baiyue residents in Shenzhen have been under the centralized feudal control. The Han Dynasty has established salt officials in Shenzhen. Han Dynasty tombs have been found in Nantou, Xixiang, Shajing, Dapeng, and Li Chengwu Village in Hong Kong. .
Judging from the funerals and unearthed cultural relics, advanced Central Plains culture was integrated at that time. During the Eastern Jin Dynasty and the Southern Dynasties for more than 250 years, Shenzhen was at its peak. Dongguan County was established, and six counties including Bao'an and Xingning were under its jurisdiction. Its jurisdiction included the Pearl River Delta and Huiyang. The jurisdiction of Bao'an County at that time was probably today's Dongguan City, Shenzhen City and Hong Kong region.
In the Tang Dynasty, the waters of Shenzhen became a hub for sea transportation. A garrison town was set up in Nantou, where Lingnan Jiedu soldiers were stationed; a "sea patrol camp" was set up in the Song Dynasty. Since the Song Dynasty, Shenzhen has become a hub for maritime transportation and trade in southern China, and has experienced significant economic development.
The Ming Dynasty was the renaissance period in the history of Shenzhen. In the 27th year of Hongwu in the Ming Dynasty (1394), Nantou Dongguan Guarded Qianhusuo City and Dapeng Guarded Qianhusuo City were built. Later, Nantou Village was established and a large military organization was formed, serving as "the outer guard of Humen and the screen of the provincial capital" to resist Japanese crowns, pirates and other foreign invaders.
In the 16th year of Zhengde in the Ming Dynasty (1521), the soldiers and civilians of Nantou, led by Wang Hong of the Patrol Sea, annihilated the Portuguese fleet in the waters of Nantou. By the Jiaqing period of the Qing Dynasty, the number of residents in Xin'an County had reached 225,979.
The population increased greatly, and agricultural production, fishery, and salt industries developed greatly. In the second year of the Republic of China (1913), Xin'an County was renamed Bao'an County, and its administrative office was still located in Nantou City.
In the stage between the old democratic revolution and the new democratic revolution, the people of Shenzhen wrote an epic chapter for national liberation. In particular, the Anti-Japanese Dongjiang Guerrilla Column was active in the Huidong and Bao areas, severely attacking the Japanese invaders and escorting cultural figures trapped in Hong Kong to the liberated areas, making significant contributions to China's cultural undertakings.
Shenzhen has a long history and developed culture, so it is rich in cultural relics and historic sites, and has many scenic spots, such as the "Jinji Suiyuan" Temple in the Jin and Sui Dynasties, Haiguang Temple in the Tang Dynasty, and Lingdu Temple in the Southern Tang Dynasty. The Huaidu Temple in the Song Dynasty, the Chiwan Tianhou Temple in the Song Dynasty, the "Eight Scenes of Xin'an" in the Ming and Qing Dynasties, as well as Lingding Mountain, Longqi'ao, Qiniang Mountain, etc. By the 1980s, after Shenzhen was designated as China's first special economic zone, the tourism industry developed extremely rapidly. The newly built tourist attractions and facilities were uniquely charming and famous at home and abroad for their novel, unique and unique style.
://ps.luohuedu/szwh/. Lamma Island Ruins
Archaeological research in Hong Kong began in the 1920s. Relics of ancient human activities unearthed at various locations along the coast prove that Hong Kong's history can be traced back to more than 6,000 years ago. Regarding the textual research of these historical relics, there are still different opinions in the academic circles, and there is no consensus. From an archaeological perspective, Hong Kong is only a small part of the vast cultural field of South China, about which knowledge is still limited. Although some people believe that local prehistoric culture evolved from the invasion of cultures from North China or Southeast Asia, more and more scholars believe that prehistoric culture in South China gradually formed locally and was not significantly affected by foreign cultures. On the other hand, when studying the earliest cultures since 4000 B.C., one must undoubtedly take into account the changing environment, during which sea levels continued to rise from 100 meters below current levels, flooding the vast coastal plains, and today's coastlines and environments Ecology was basically formed during this period. People living in this area must adapt to the environment, otherwise they will be eliminated. Most of the stone tools, pottery and other artifacts that are used to study the lives of Hong Kong's early residents have been found in sediments along the coast. This lifestyle of coastal settlement shows that the earliest residents of Hong Kong mainly relied on the sea for their livelihood, and economic development relied on the development of marine resources. However, this point should not be overemphasized, as archaeological discoveries are affected by various factors that determine whether archaeological remains are preserved. One factor is that the mountainous areas have been severely eroded, leaving few, but not unique, remnants of ancient settlements in the interior. Archaeological excavations in recent years have mainly revealed two Neolithic cultural layers. What was unearthed from the older bottom layer was Corded coarse pottery and fine and fragile soft pottery. The latter had scratches, through holes, and occasionally colorful paintings. In addition, polished stone tools were also unearthed at the same time. Extrapolating from existing data, this initial stage may have begun in 4000 BC. In the more recent upper cultural layer, Corded pottery and polished stone tools continued to be discovered, and a new type of geometrically patterned pottery also appeared at the same time. This stage began in 2500 BC. The stone tools of this cultural layer are all polished, with better workmanship, and are of various types; some stone tools are decorated with segments and shoulders, which is probably related to the advancement of handle technology. Ornaments made from quartz and other suitable stones have also been found during this period, such as stone rings and stone rims of various sizes; some of them are very finely crafted. The emergence of bronze vessels around 1500 BC marked the final stage of Hong Kong's prehistory. Although bronzes were not widely used, many exquisite bronze weapons, such as knives, arrowheads and spears, were unearthed at archaeological sites in Hong Kong. Bronze tools such as hollow axes and fishhooks were also found. Bronze stone models unearthed at Kau Lo Wan in Chek Lap Kok, Tung Wan and Sha Lo Wan on Lantau Island, as well as Tai Wan and Sha Po Village on Lamma Island, are sufficient evidence that bronzes were indeed cast in Hong Kong. In addition to retaining the tradition of early cord patterns and geometric impressions, the pottery of the Bronze Age also had a type of hard pottery that was nearly crystallized after being fired at a relatively high temperature. Its geometric prints are in line with the geometric patterns of late Neolithic pottery, but the "double F" Kui pattern is a famous and unique decoration in the area during this period. Archeology has failed to provide evidence of the ethnic and linguistic relationships of the ancestors. Fortunately, ancient Chinese documents also mentioned these issues and called the residents of the southeastern coastal areas of China "Yue people". Therefore, some of Hong Kong's prehistoric ancestors were probably "Baiyue people" (a collective name for various types of Yue people).
Most of the stone carvings found in Shek Pik, Kau Sai Chau, Po Toi Island, Cheung Chau, Tung Lung Chau, Tai Long Bay and Wong Chuk Hang on Hong Kong Island are geometric patterns. They are believed to have been carved by Baiyue people. They are all interesting. Archaeological discoveries. During the Qin (221-207 BC) and Han (206 BC-220 AD) eras, the imperial court sent troops to conquer the south and pacified the south of the Yangtze River, which resulted in an increasing number of new immigrants from the south and had a negative impact on the original residents. various influences. The above situation can be proved by the coins of the Han Dynasty excavated in Hong Kong. The most notable relic of this turbulent period is the complete brick tomb discovered in Lei Cheng Uk in 1955. This ancient tomb displays typical Han Dynasty artifacts and can be presumed to be a monument from the early to mid-Eastern Han Dynasty. Recent rescue and excavation work in Pak Mong, Kau Sai Chau and Ma Wan Tung Wan Chai on Lantau Island have revealed a large number of neatly arranged Han Dynasty relics, including various types of ceramic vessels and ironware. These vessels provide important clues to understand the daily life and activities of local residents during this period. Little is known about the archaeological remains after the Han Dynasty. Recent research on the dome-topped lime kilns commonly found on Hong Kong's beaches can help us understand the life of Hong Kong residents during the Tang Dynasty (AD 618-907). Lime is a valuable product that can be used to fill wooden rafters, protect wooden boats from corrosion by marine microorganisms, make containers leak-proof, neutralize acidic soil in farmland, and is used in building houses, making salt, and many other things. This use obviously occupied an important economic position at that time. In the 13th century AD, Yuan soldiers went south and ended the rule of the Song Dynasty; Hong Kong has a deep connection with this history. The Song Dynasty stone carvings that have been moved to the entrance of the Hong Kong International Airport, the Song Dynasty inscriptions from the Tin Hau Temple in Tai Miu Wan, the Song Dynasty coin hoards unearthed at Shek Pik, Mai Po and Keli Island, as well as in many places, especially at Nim Shue Wan on Lantau Island The Song Dynasty celadon excavated from Shibi are all cultural relics from this period. Recent archaeological work helps us study the history of Hong Kong during the Ming Dynasty (1368-1911) and the Qing Dynasty (1368-1911). These studies introduce what are the good places in Hong Kong
1. If you don’t want to queue, don’t go to Ocean Park. Every item there can take you an hour or two of queuing time. 2. There is no science and technology museum, only one science museum. If you have time, it would also be a good idea to go to the Space Museum not far away. The movie shown in that hemispherical ball is quite good. 3. The Avenue of Stars, unless you really want to see someone’s palm prints, go there only when you have free time, because it will bore you to death. 4. Don’t have high expectations when going to Taipingshan this time. Why? Don’t easily believe the photos on postcards and think you can see the night view of Hong Kong. During the spring and summer, the nights there are very foggy. When you go up to the top floor of Lingxiao Pavilion and look down, you will see a misty white sky. You will feel like you have gone to heaven, and you will feel very cheated. It is recommended that you go at noon and leave before dusk. 5. Victoria Harbor is good. I once stayed there all night, all night long. But please note that "A Symphony of Lights" is not very beautiful, so don't go out of your way to watch it. 6. Lan Kwai Fong. There are many foreigners getting drunk there at night, and you can see a lot of funny things. 7. Moro Street. Strong introduction. There are many strange and strange things in the short street. The location is in Central. 8. Don’t go to “Fisherman’s Wharf” or “Gold Coast”, which is a waste of money and time. 9. Women’s Street, Temple Street (this is a must). A lot of fake goods are sold in Hong Kong, so it’s fun to watch them without buying them. The oldest cable car in Hong Kong, the oldest cable car in the world - Cable Car, the oldest tram in the world - Hong Kong Island Tram, Asia's largest marine theme park - Ocean Park, the longest pedestrian elevator in the world - the largest open-air pedestrian escalator in Mid-Levels, Central Bronze Statue - Tian Tan Buddha
1. If you don’t want to queue, don’t go to Ocean Park. Every item there can take you an hour or two of queuing time. 2. There is no science and technology museum, only one science museum. If you have time, it would also be a good idea to go to the Space Museum not far away. The movie shown in that hemispherical ball is quite good. 3. The Avenue of Stars, unless you really want to see someone’s handprints, go there only when you have free time, because it will bore you to death.
4. Don’t have high expectations when going to Taipingshan this time. Why? Don’t easily believe the photos on postcards and think you can see the night view of Hong Kong. During the spring and summer, the nights there are very foggy. When you go up to the top floor of Lingxiao Pavilion and look down, you will see a misty white sky. You will feel like you have gone to heaven, and you will feel very cheated. It is recommended that you go at noon and leave before dusk. 5. Victoria Harbor is good. I once stayed there all night, all night long. But please note that "A Symphony of Lights" is not very beautiful, so don't go out of your way to watch it. 6. Lan Kwai Fong. There are many foreigners getting drunk there at night, and you can see a lot of funny things. 7. Moro Street. Strong introduction. There are many strange and strange things in the short street. The location is in Central. 8. Don’t go to “Fisherman’s Wharf” or “Gold Coast”, which is a waste of money and time. 9. Women’s Street, Temple Street (this is a must). A lot of fakes are sold in Hong Kong, so it’s fun to watch them without buying them.