Primitive destruction
Han Yu
The ancient gentleman was responsible for himself, but also paid attention to the week and was light on others. Focus on a week, so don't be lazy; Light about, the old friend is charitable. People who have heard of the ancient times are smooth and benevolent. The person who finds the reason for Shun blames himself: "There is another person; Here, people also. He can, but I can't! "Think early and think late, not as good as Shun. In ancient times, I heard of Duke Zhou, who was also a versatile man. The man who begged to be the Duke of Zhou blamed himself: "There are people; Here, people also. He can, but I can't! "Think early and think late, not as good as the duke of zhou. Shun, the Great Sage, is shared by later generations; Duke Zhou, Great Sage, shared by later generations. He was a human being, but he said, "It's not as good as Shun, it's not as good as Duke Zhou, and I'm sick. "This is not only responsible for the body, but also for the week! It is also to people, saying, "that person is also capable of being a good person;" Excellence is enough to be an artist. "Take one, don't blame the other; In other words, it is new, not old: fear is just the fear that others will not do good. A skill is easy to repair, and a skill is easy to repair. It's also for people, but it's enough to be able to be. Say, "It's enough to do it well." Don't despise others?
Today's gentleman is not. The responsible person is also detailed, and it is also cheaper for himself. Detailed, it is difficult for an old friend to be good; Cheap, so take less. When there was no goodness, he said, "I am good, that's enough." I don't have the ability to say, "I can, it's enough." It is not uncommon to cheat others outside, but it is cheaper to treat others inside. It is also in people, saying: "Although it can be done, it is not worth calling it; Although he is good, he doesn't use it enough. " Take one, not ten; Investigate the old, not the new: fear is just fear of what people hear. Isn't it enough to blame others? Husband means not to treat others as yourself, but to treat people as saints. I've never seen him respect himself.
Although people who do things have their origins, laziness and taboos are also called. Lazy people can't fix it, and jealous people are afraid of others. I tried. Try to say to everyone: "A good man, a good man." People who should respond must be the same as others; Otherwise, it alienates people who are not interested in it; Otherwise, it is fear. Otherwise, the strong are angry with words, and the coward is angry with color. He also tasted this sentence: "Some are not good people, and some are not good people." If not, it must be with someone else; Otherwise, it alienates people who are not interested in it; Otherwise, it is fear. If not, the strong speak with language, and the weak speak with color. It is the story that has been repaired and slandered and the morality destroyed. Oh! Living in this world, it is hard for a scholar to expect fame and fortune and a moral journey!
There will be people who are related. When I say survive, their country can manage it!
1, the explanation of the added words in the following sentences is incorrect (c) (goodness: good thing. )
A. it's also important to take care of yourself. Zhou Zhou: Be careful, this is comprehensive.
B. as long as it goes well, it is: approaching.
C. I'm afraid, but it's not necessarily good to be afraid of others. Very good at it.
D. a good practice is easy to repair: this is to do it.
2. The words with dots in the following sentences have the same usage (D)
A. It is also important to think early in the week and later in the evening.
B. How can future generations not listen?
C. He was also in person, but it was said that Wang Nai was frightened.
D. but I can't be a saint and look at people.
(d) However, conjunctions indicating turning points. "Er" and "Er" represent conjunctions/places of coordinate relations and conjunctions that modify relations; B he, pronoun/modal particle, meaningless; C just/just. )
Step 3 translate sentences
(1) Ancient gentlemen also attached importance to Zhou, and they treated people lightly. Focus on a week, so don't be lazy; Light about, the old friend is charitable.
Ancient gentlemen demanded that they be strict and comprehensive, tolerant and easy-going to others. If you are strict and comprehensive with yourself, you will not slack off; Wide but few, so people are willing to do good deeds.
(2) Those who seek obedience blame themselves: "There are people, too; Give, people also; He can, I can't! " It's better to think early than late.
The reason why obedience becomes obedience, he said to himself: "He is a human being, and I am also a human being; He can do this, I can't! " I think about it in the morning and evening, get rid of those places that are not smooth and imitate those places that are smooth.
(3) Take one and don't blame the other, that is, the new does not investigate the old, and fear of people may not be good.
Take his point and don't ask him to have a second point; Judging from his present performance, if he does not pursue his past, he is afraid that that person will not get the benefit of doing good.
Please translate underlined sentences in classical Chinese reading materials into modern Chinese. (9 points)
(1) The reason for seeking the smoothness. (3 points)
(2) detailed, it is difficult for an old friend to be good; Cheap, so take less. (3 points)
(3) Take one as an example, not counting ten; Investigate the old, not the new. (3 points)
Answer: (1) They explored the reason why Shun became Shun. (Supplementary subject "they" 1 minute, find: explore 1 minute, so the reason is ... 1 minute. )
(2) They require others to be strict and complete, so it is difficult for others to do things well; They don't demand much of themselves, so they haven't made much progress. (Sentence meaning 1 point, details: They require others to be strict and complete or have the same meaning, so they get 1 point, and those who get, get or have similar meaning get 1 point. )
(3) Today's gentlemen only ask a certain question of others, without considering many advantages of others; Only investigate people's previous shortcomings, regardless of their new changes. (Example: proposed 1 min, 1: a defect 1 min, old: past defect 1 min. )
Reference translation:
An ancient gentleman asked himself to be strict and comprehensive, and to be generous and simple to others. I am strict and comprehensive with myself, so I dare not slack off; Be generous and concise, and others will be willing to do good. It is said that among the ancients, there was a man named Shun, who was a man of benevolence and righteousness. After exploring the reasons why Shun became Shun, Mr. Gu blamed himself: "He is a human being and I am also a human being; He can do this, why can't I! " Therefore, sooner or later, I will reflect, get rid of the shortcomings of not being smooth, and develop the advantages of being smooth. I heard that there was an ancient man named Duke Zhou. Judging from his personality, he is a versatile man. After exploring the reason why Duke Zhou became Duke Zhou, Mr. Gu blamed himself: "He is a human being and I am also a human being. He can do this, I can't! " So sooner or later, I will reflect, get rid of the shortcomings that are not as good as Duke Zhou, and carry forward the advantages like Duke Zhou. Shun is a great sage, and no one can compare with him in later generations; Duke Zhou was a great saint, and no one can match him in later generations. The ancients said, "I am not as good as Shun, and I am not as good as Duke Zhou. This is my shortcoming. " Isn't this also demanding that you be strict and comprehensive? When they treat others, they say, "He is a good man because he has such advantages;" He can be good at this, enough to become a skilled person. "Choose a point from him, don't ask him to have a second point. Just look at his present performance and don't pursue his past. Ancient gentlemen were always cautious for fear that others would not get the benefits of doing a good job. A good character is easy to realize and a skill is easy to master. They said to others, "This advantage is enough." And he said, "mastering this is enough. "That's not asking others to be generous and simple?
Now the gentleman is not like this. They demand perfection from others, but they are very tolerant of themselves. They require others to be strict and complete, so it is difficult for others to do things well; They don't demand much of themselves, so they haven't made much progress. I don't have any good deeds, but I said, "I have these good deeds, and that's enough." I don't have any skills, but I said, "I can have these skills, that's enough." Deceive others externally, and deceive one's conscience to oneself. Don't stop until you have made great progress. Isn't this a sign that today's gentlemen ask little of themselves? But for others, he said, "Although that man has this talent, his character is not commendable. Although that person is very good at doing this, it is of little value in itself. " Grasp a certain aspect of people's problems, regardless of their various strengths; Investigate people's past shortcomings, regardless of their changes today. Afraid of getting a good reputation. Isn't this a sign that gentlemen nowadays demand more and more details from others? This is called not judging yourself by the standards of ordinary people, but expecting others by the standards of saints. I can't see that he respects himself.
Nevertheless, the person who did it has his roots. The root cause is laziness and jealousy. If you are lazy, you can't improve your cultivation; If you are jealous, you are afraid of the improvement of others' cultivation. I tried it once. I tried to say in front of everyone, "So-and-so is a virtuous person and so-and-so is a talented person." The person who agrees with me must be this person's partner and friend; Otherwise, it is alienating people who have no interest with him; Or someone who is afraid of him. If it is not these three situations, then a strong-willed person will definitely express his anger in words, and a weak-willed person will definitely look angry. I once tried to say in front of everyone, "XXX is not a good person, XXX is an incompetent person." Those who ignore my words must be friends of XXX; Otherwise, it is alienating people who have no conflict of interest with him; Or someone who is afraid of him. If it is not these three situations, then a strong-willed person will definitely express his happiness in words, and a weak-willed person will definitely have a bright face. Because of this, with the success of the cause, slander will rise, and with the improvement of moral expectations, criticism will come. Alas, it is too difficult for a scholar to live in today's world and hope that his reputation will be greatly enhanced and his morality will be improved.
The incumbent who wants to make a difference will always think of what I said above, so as to govern the country well.
Appreciate:
This paper expresses the author's personal resentment, but in the uneven voice, it tells a truth: only by caring for and respecting talents can people be "willing to do good." This paper compares ancient and modern times from two aspects: "self-reproach" and "treating others", points out that the social atmosphere at that time was diluted and there were many slanders, and analyzes the reasons for it as "laziness" and "taboo". The writing style is serious, the sentence pattern is neat and changeable, the language is vivid and vivid, and the description is incisive.
the first paragraph
The first paragraph demonstrates the correct attitude of ancient gentlemen to "blame themselves" and "treat others". "Take care of yourself and treat others lightly" is the characteristic of "ancient gentleman".
The second paragraph
The second paragraph closely follows the above and analyzes the performance of "Gentleman Today". The attitude of talking about "the ancient gentleman" is "blaming yourself" and "treating others", while the attitude of talking about "the present gentleman" is "blaming others" and "treating others". The difference between the two words points out their different attitudes. For people's shortcomings, one is to "take one without blaming the other; That is, it is new, not old "; One is "take one, not ten; Investigate its old, not its new. "One of the advantages of people is that they are afraid of others not doing good deeds"; One is "afraid of fear but afraid of what people hear." From this, it can be concluded that the essence of today's gentleman is "don't treat yourself with others, treat yourself with saints". This sentence is concise and powerful, ups and downs, open and close freely. Unless it is big, it can't be done.
The third paragraph
In the third paragraph, "although" took a sharp turn for the worse, resulting in "laziness" and "taboo" becoming the source of slander. The author thinks that the prevalence of slander among scholar-officials is a manifestation of moral corruption, and its root lies in "laziness" and "taboo", that is, laziness in self-cultivation and jealousy of others; If you don't be lazy or shy away, there will be no slander. "Lazy people can't fix it", which is cheaper for themselves; "Avoid it lest people repair it", so be responsible for people. Pave the way for the conclusion that "this is a story that has been repaired and slandered, praised and destroyed". This paper has both theoretical summary and experimental explanation, and naturally draws the fundamental conclusion that "the story has been repaired and slandered, and the morality has been destroyed" The last three sentences not only explain the purpose of writing this article, but also call on the authorities to correct this slanderous trend and earnestly pin the author's expectations on state affairs.
Contrast technique
The method of comparison is adopted throughout, including the comparison between "the gentleman of the past" and "the gentleman of the present", the comparison between the same person's different attitudes of "blaming himself" and "treating others", the comparison between "those who should" and "those who should not", and so on. This paper also uses parallelism to make the article cycle back and forth, which greatly enhances the expression effect.