When we appreciate the classic poems handed down from ancient times, we are all impressed by these popular, wonderful, beautiful and meaningful words. "There is no colorful phoenix flying in the body, but there is a clear understanding in the heart." "Three mountains are half-fallen outside the blue sky, and the two waters are divided into Bailuzhou." "He died before leaving the army, and the hero was full of tears." "There is no choice but the flowers fall, it seems like we have known each other before." Come back." "You don't see the water of the Yellow River coming up from the sky, rushing to the sea and never returning." "People in the deep forest don't know, the bright moon comes to shine." It makes people feel like they are bathed in the spring breeze, and it is pleasant and intoxicating. The lingering sound lingers for three days. For a long time, I couldn't bear to release the scroll.
Why were the ancients able to write poems with such profound artistic conception? It can be summed up in four core elements:
1. Deep literary foundation
Writing classics The poets and literati are all extremely knowledgeable and talented. "The ancients left no stone unturned in their knowledge, and only when they were young did they work hard to achieve success." There are still only a few "prodigies" like King Luo Bin who can write poems at the age of seven. The great and famous poets in ancient times all introduced their studies in this way: Qu Yuan: "Fenwu has this inner beauty, but also focuses on cultivating his abilities." God's talent has given me many good qualities, and I continue to strengthen my cultivation. Qu Yuan studied hard in a cave for three years regardless of wind or rain, or freezing weather. This is just a microcosm of his hard study; Du Fu "when he was young, he was a guest of the state. He read more than ten thousand volumes, and wrote as many as God." At the age of twenty-four, he was selected to take the Jinshi examination and read thousands of books, so that he could write with divine help. Li Bai, the immortal poet, is even more powerful: "I am a madman of Chu, and Feng Ge laughs at Confucius." Compared with the hermit Chu Kuangjie, he dared to laugh at his masters of all ages, which shows that he is full of knowledge. Han Yu "keeps reciting articles on the six arts with his mouth, and writes with his hands on the compilations of hundreds of schools of thought. He burns ointment to follow the sundial, and he lives in poverty for many years." From lighting up the oil lamp until dawn, he continued like this day and night, year after year. One year.
? There are many, many examples of such hard study to achieve learning. Good poetry is not achieved overnight and must be supported by university knowledge.
2. Three correct views of noble character
Poetry is the expression of the soul. No matter how good the scenery is, no matter how beautiful the scenery is, without profound gaze, without the mind to pursue the truth, without the strong feelings of family and country, without the true love of the world, it is absolutely impossible to write poems with profound artistic conception and lasting fame. Yu Qian, a famous minister and national hero of the Ming Dynasty, was "loyal and righteous, competing with the sun and the moon for glory", and "not afraid of his bones being shattered into pieces, and his innocence remaining in the world." Li Bai hoped to serve the country throughout his life and enthusiastically eulogized the motherland, because he loved her and "willed to "The Yellow River comes from the west to attack Kunlun, and it roars thousands of miles to touch the dragon gate." Excellent poems, noble character and correct three views are indispensable, otherwise it will inevitably fall into narrative and expository prose. There are also some poets who had a very upright outlook on life and character in the early stage. For example, Li Shen of the Tang Dynasty wrote three poems in "Poems of Compassion for Farmers": "It is noon on the day of hoeing, and the sweat is dripping from the soil. Who knows that every grain of food on the plate is hard work!" It has been famous through the ages, but in the later period, the three views changed drastically, and there was no more masterpiece handed down from generation to generation.
3. Refine the words and phrases
A beautiful poem with profound artistic conception must be indispensable without the phrases and phrases that are worth a thousand dollars and cherish ink like gold. When people read poems, they feel that they come out casually and in one go. In fact, the planning and careful consideration behind them is not a day's work. The famous bitter poet Jia Dao's poem "The bird stayed in the tree beside the pond, and the monk knocked on the door under the moon" made him famous all over the world for his one-word elaboration. "Next to the Breathing Tree" is even more famous. Lu Yanrang even used "Bitter Song" as the title "Yin'an, twisting several stems and whiskers." The poet Du Fu also "is a man of human nature and loves to read good lines, but his words are not surprising." For the sake of good poetry, he would rather let people think of his temperament. Solitary.
If we hadn’t carefully refined each word and created it with a lingering mood and an attitude of exhaustion, there would be no poems that flowed smoothly, blended with scenes, stirred the soul, and filled with sunshine.
4. Cultivate spirituality
There is no shortage of talents in all walks of life and in various fields, but those who can reach the top need geniuses and have the talent and spirituality in this field. As Edison famously said, "Genius is one percent inspiration and ninety-nine percent perspiration. But that one percent inspiration is the most important, even more important than the ninety-nine percent perspiration." All are important." Translated here as inspiration, it is also what Chinese people often refer to as spirituality. Spirituality is not the so-called scheming. Spirituality is the sublimation of understanding. It is based on the extraordinary learning ability, good at accurately grasping the essence of things, and the ability to integrate, be extremely wise, and have high-level IQ and high EQ. Of course, writing poetry is more about spirituality, so that it can sound like the sound of nature through the ages.
Artistic conception is the soul of poetry. It is so perfect that it is the unity of natural beauty and mental state, and the perfect fusion of objective scenery and subjective emotions. The blend of scenes is like "Thousands of mountains and birds are flying away, and thousands of people are gone", the virtual and the real are intertwined, "I think of sitting at home late at night, and I should talk about people who have traveled far away", and the profound artistic conception is "Sitting alone in the secluded bamboo, playing the piano and whistling loudly." ", "It is the beautiful scenery of the south of the Yangtze River, and you will meet again when the flowers are falling", which are blank and become a state of mind. From the poems, you can experience the indescribable artistic conception, which is also the psychological growth of self-improvement and the pursuit of the best alone without being able to do both. To create top-notch poetry, four core elements are indispensable.
But it does not affect people's love of poetry and poetry creation. If you want to write a poem that people can talk about, just work hard from these four aspects.
5. Examples of the artistic conception of poetry
The artistic conception is understood literally, "meaning" is the image, and "jing" is the realm, so the artistic conception is the expression of images that have reached a certain state.
Image is the product of the conscious activities of the human brain. That is, what we see, what we think of, and what we hope to express through poetry are the image reflections in our minds of all things in the world. This image is a projection of the poet's feelings. It is subjective and is no longer a simple and objective image. describe.
? Realm refers to a person’s ideological awareness and spiritual cultivation, which can express a person’s ideological realm. In fact, it refers to the level of a person’s ideological awareness and spiritual cultivation. In fact, it is a relative height.
? Imagery is the material we can use, which can increase the breadth of our thinking; and realm is a flash of inspiration, the height our thinking can reach.
For a good poem, breadth and height must exist at the same time in order to be called artistic conception. Let’s see if the Five Jue poems discussed on the Internet are consistent with each other and whether there is any artistic conception?
"The Moan of the Lone Tree" Wujue·Ziqi (the first sentence does not fit into the rhyme)
The wilderness pities the lonely tree, but the sweet rain has not yet taken root.
Pests destroy diseased leaves and leave scars on branches!
(1) Analysis of oblique and oblique lines
? The beginning of the sentence "The wilderness pity the lonely tree" oblique to "evacuate and oblique", which is the oblique and oblique ending pattern. The oblique and oblique relationship of the whole poem is:
Flat, flat, flat, flat.
We can see that except for the first word of the third sentence, which can be flat or oblique, the oblique and oblique positions in other positions are all legal. The "gan" of "branch" has the fourth tone, and the oblique sound enters the rhyme. At the same time, the two words "root" and "hen" both belong to the "Thirteen Yuan" of Pingshui rhyme. Therefore, from the format analysis, this song is average.
(2) Artistic conception analysis
Compliance with the rules of oblique and oblique only means that this is a metrical poem. Whether it is a good poem requires further consideration of the content, that is, how the image of the poem speaks.
? The title of this poem is "The Moan of the Lone Tree". This is a typical naming method for modern poems. You can directly use "The Lone Tree" as the title. Some people deny this poem based on the "origin, inherit, turn, and combine" structure. I don't think so. There are many quatrain structures, and it doesn't necessarily have to be "origin, inherit, turn, and combine." Therefore, the poem cannot be denied based on the "origin, inherit, turn, and combine" structure. The overall pattern of this poem is good. The so-called artistic conception often means that the "meaning" is not in the poem but outside the poem. This poem implies the author's unrecognized talent and frustrated mood after being hurt by villains. It is still a good poem, but the words used in the poem should be carefully considered. I The revision comments are as follows. The pests in the poem are too widespread. In nature, most of the pests that can damage leaves and stems are beetles such as beetles. Therefore, the poem should be written more accurately like this:
Pity in the wilderness A lonely tree, the rain has not yet taken root.
Beetles damage the young leaves and scar the old stems.