Xia Gaizun (1886— 1946), formerly known as Zhu Xia, was born in Shangyu, Zhejiang. Modern famous writer and educator. 1902 went to Shanghai Institute of Chinese and Western Studies. Because I couldn't afford the tuition, I went home for self-study a year later, and began to get in touch with new ideas from the theory of evolution and Xinmin Cong Bao. /kloc-entered Shaoxing school in 0/903 and dropped out of school after only half a year at home. He taught in a private school and taught himself. In 0905, he went to B to attend Tokyo Higher Technical School. Due to lack of funds, he also dropped out of school and returned to China two years later. Since 1908, he has taught in Zhejiang First Normal University and Changsha Hunan Normal University. 192 1 returned to his hometown of Baima Lake in Shangyu and taught in chunhui middle school. Several bungalows have been built there. /kloc-go to Shanghai to teach after 0/925. "Four. After the "December 12th" counter-revolutionary incident, he was indignant, resigned from his teaching post and devoted himself to editing and writing. 1930, editor-in-chief of Ming Kai Bookstore, editor-in-chief of middle school students. His main works include Writing Practice (in cooperation with Liu Xunyu), Wen Xin (in cooperation with Ye Shengtao), Pingwu Essays, Love Education, etc. Most of his essays are essays and essays, as well as essays about people, notes, landscapes and things. Lu Xun's Miscellaneous Notes, Weng, Cat, Winter in Baima Lake and Steel Rockery are his representative works.
Content essence
In my career of more than forty years, the deepest feeling about winter was when I moved to Baima Lake ten years ago. Chunhui middle school stands on the other side of the lake, and there are several small bungalows at the foot of the mountain, where Liu Xinru and I live. Moving from Hangzhou to Shan Ye is like joining the polar region. The wind there is almost daily, roaring like a tiger. Although the house is newly built, the structure is extremely rough, and the wind blows in through the cracks in the doors and windows, which is particularly sharp. The gap between the doors and windows is pasted with thick paper, but there are still gaps in the rafters. When it is windy, the door is closed before dark. After dinner, the whole family sleeps under the covers, listening to the roar of the cold wind and the surging of the lake. The small back porch on the hill is my study, which is the least windy room in the whole house. I often wear my Luo Song hat low on my head and work late into the night under foreign lights. Song Tao roars like a roar, frosty moon acts as a window, and hungry rats squeak about on the dust-bearing floor. At this time, I feel bleak and poetic, and often fiddle with the ashes alone and refuse to sleep. People who paint themselves in landscape paintings make all kinds of wonderful reverie. On snowy days, it is very bright indoors and outdoors, so you can turn off the lights at night. There is snow in the distant mountains, which is enough for half a month. Almost all the winter feelings I experienced there came from the wind. It can be said that the wind in Baima Lake is due to geographical reasons. There are mountains around the lake, but there is a gap one and a half miles wide at the north end, as if deliberately opening a bag to meet the wind. The wind in Baima Lake is getting stronger and stronger, which is very special.
Now, my family has been living in Shanghai for many days. When I hear the wind at night, I always mention Baima Lake. "I don't know how hard it is blowing tonight!"
Famous saying:
At first, Song Tao roared, the frost moon acted as a window, and the hungry mice squeaked and ran on the dust. At this time, I am deeply interested in bleak poems, and often fiddle with the ashes alone and refuse to sleep.
In the coldest days, the mud looks as white as cement, the mountains are purple with cold, and the lake waves are dark blue.
Winter in Baima Lake is selected from Pingzhai Essays (Ming Kai Bookstore 1935 Edition). "Bungalow" is the name of Xia Gaizun's former residence in Baima Lake. It faces the famous Shangyu chunhui middle school across the lake. It's just a few brick bungalows with clear water in front and beautiful scenery behind. However, as written in the works, it is a "desolate Shan Ye". He moved here "as if immersed in the polar zone" and the building structure was "extremely rough". Because of this, there will be the content of Winter Wind.
The success of this article lies not only in writing "wind" to express its "winter", but also in the fact that the whole article is full of a deep and provocative emotion. Wind plays an important role in the feeling of winter. In a sense, winter is reflected by "wind". However, the wind is invisible, colorless and shadowless. To write it, we must express it with the help of movement, change and human feelings. Xia Gaizun described the winter wind in Baima Lake, "almost every day, roaring like a tiger". This shows how great it is, which of course disturbs people and even changes their lives. And through the "gap between doors and windows, especially sharp" to write; Especially when it is "blowing badly" and "the house is not closed at night", the family will go to bed after dinner and "listen to the cold wind". It also said that if the sun is shining. In "Exposure to the Sun in the Courtroom", "Suddenly the cold wind came and I had to flee" and fled into the house in panic and closed the door; As for the big cold wind, it roared all day and night until two or three days later. In such a windy, windy and cold place, life naturally has a different flavor, unlike living in Hangzhou. Tracing back to the source, the author also wrote that there is wind because "the lake is surrounded by mountains, but there is a gap half a mile wide in the north, as if deliberately opening the bag to meet the wind." -the wind is completely "poured in". Needless to say, it will attack them with overwhelming strength, urgency and profitability. This style, wind direction and wind source have been written enough, and the word "winter" has also been written enough. Feel the winter wind, Baima Lake is "different from other places", which is very special. From this perspective, "wind" and "winter" have become synonyms there.
But the author's intention is obviously not just to express the "wind" and "winter" of Baima Lake itself, but to express one.