1, nationalization. The language of Back is faithful, simple and elegant. This highly nationalized language is in perfect harmony with the national spirit expressed in Back and the article structure of Back. Without the beauty, elegance and simplicity of the language of Back, there would be no elegance of Back.
2. Concise. This article is very clean, so there is nothing to say. Even a word "de" and a word "le" must be used before they can be used. Except for some classical Chinese words, there are no colorful words, and uncommon words are simple and natural household words with strong flavor of life and very concise extraction.
3. simple. "Back" describes the facts in a straight line, without any modification or rendering. Throughout the article, I wrote about how much the father cares and takes care of his son, and how grateful the son is for his father's thoughts. However, abstract and ready-made words like "care", "love" and "gratitude" are useless in the article, and there are no gorgeous words. Dapu is a performance by Da Qiao. The words and sentences used in this paper are carefully studied and never used casually. For example, the farewell paragraph: "My father is busy and has already said that he will not send it, so let a familiar waiter in the hotel accompany me. He repeatedly told the waiter to be very careful. " If the word "agree" is used here, it seems reasonable, but it is actually much worse. Decided not to send it, and finally sent it. In fact, I can't say for sure, which shows my father's ambivalence at that time. The word "familiar" shows that this teahouse entrusted by my father should be reliable; "Repeatedly admonishing" means repeatedly admonishing the waiter, and taking pains to explain it repeatedly, so as to avoid the negligence of the waiter; "Be very careful" means the details of the instructions, and all the details that should be paid attention to when saying goodbye are mentioned. These terms emphasize that the father has made extremely careful consideration and arrangement for his son to get on the bus. Although the words are common, they are used properly, which makes the father's love for his son leap from the page.
4. touching. Plain and concise language, but it can convey infinite affection is another feature of the article language. The whole text is plain, but there is a deep homesickness between the lines, which is very touching. Writing is very common, nothing special. Readers have this kind of life experience, so it is easy to cause associations, thus finding the common and most precious beautiful feelings in the world, giving people a temperament and enhancing people's understanding of the wind of inheritance.
5, literature and art are mixed. The reasons for the appearance of classical Chinese in the article are as follows: the author has a profound knowledge of classical Chinese, and classical Chinese words are often included in the stylistic articles at that time. On the one hand, the use of classical Chinese words in the article may also be related to the author's thoughts and feelings at that time. For example, don't say "unemployed" or "unemployed". It seems that "idle" is not as harsh and irritating as "unemployed". In the last section, because my father's letter was written in classical Chinese, quoting the original words made it more true, and because it expressed all the difficulties, gloomy mood and complicated feelings of my family and father, many classical Chinese words were also used, which also gave petty-bourgeois intellectuals a special language color of the times. In terms of writing, the main feature of "back" is line drawing. The author writes about his father's back and describes the scene of crossing the railway when buying oranges, completely using line drawing techniques. As far as I know, the so-called sketch is to write down the scene truthfully with plain words, without metaphor, description and modification, giving readers a sense of experience. In other words, line drawing is described by narrative method to achieve the artistic effect of reproducing the real scene.
"The Back" was written in 1925, and it is about an experience of the author 19 17 when he was studying in Peking University.
During this period, the social conditions in China were: warlordism, imperialist infighting, precarious intellectuals and working people in dire straits. Although the author did not stand in the revolutionary position at that time and devoted himself to the struggle against imperialism and feudalism, as an upright, kind and honest intellectual, he was bound to feel depressed in society and feel lonely and desolate.
Taking his family as an example, the author tells that his family is getting more and more embarrassed because of the darkness of society. "The situation is very bleak" and "getting worse every day". The author's father first "idled around" and then "ran around" in order to find a job, even the old environment was "depressed". All these reflect the reality that intellectuals are busy, have a dim future, have a hard job and are in a miserable situation. There is a lingering gloom in their hearts, just like the gloomy tone of the article.
In this context, the author wrote a sincere, profound and touching love between father and son, which is not only a pure and noble feeling in line with the tradition of our national ethics, but also a consideration for father and son, especially the love between father and son, which combines bitterness and sadness, including the struggle against bad luck and the struggle against the old world with weak human feelings. Although this is just a kind of resentment rather than angry resistance, it will also cause people's sympathy, sigh and even strong * * * sound.
Zhu Ziqing (1898165438+1October 22-1August 948 12), formerly known as Huazi, was renamed as Ziqing with some conditions. China modern essayist, poet, scholar and democracy fighter.
Originally from Shaoxing, Zhejiang Province, I was born in Donghai County, Jiangsu Province (now Pingming Town, Donghai County, Lianyungang City), and later settled in Yangzhou with my grandfather and father, calling myself "I am from Yangzhou". 19 16 graduated from middle school and successfully entered Peking university preparatory college. Poetry published in 19 19. 1928 published the first collection of essays "The Back". 1in July, 932, he served as the head of the literature department of China, Tsinghua University. 1934, published in Europe and London. 1935 published a collection of essays, You and Me. 1948 August 12 died of stomach perforation in Beiping at the age of 50.