Qi is hungry. Qian Ao (2) eats for Tao and eats for hunger (3). For a long time, the hungry invited to compile [5] and trade rushed [6]. Qian Ao ate on the left and drank on the right, saying, "Hey! Come and eat! " Lift up your eyes and look, and say, I will not eat the food I have come, so I will eat it. "So [14] Xie [14] Yan, and finally [14] died without food. Hearing this, Ceng Zi said, "Micro-harmony! You can also go, and your thanks are edible. " (adapted from The Book of Rites)

To annotate ...

(1) Famine: severe famine. ⑵ Qian Ao: an aristocrat in the Spring and Autumn Period. (3) Eating: The same as "feeding", giving food to people. ⑷ May: Cover your face with sleeves. Sleeves and sleeves. 5. Jü: slippers. Shoes made of hemp and kudzu vine in ancient times. [6] reckless trading: a groggy look. (7) Offer: the same as "holding", here refers to holding. (8) Holding: End. (9) Hey, an interjection means an order or a phone call. Lift his eyes: stare into his eyes. ⑾ Yu: pronoun, "I". ⑿ Wei: plays a connecting role in the sentence, "because". Food: an insulting gift. [14]: This, this point. ⒂ from: catch up. X: Apologize. ⒄: Finally.

translate

There was a severe famine in Qi. Rich people cooked porridge and put it on the side of the road for hungry people passing by. After a long time, a hungry man covered his face with sleeves and dragged his shoes. Qian ao took the dish in his left hand and the soup in his right, and said, "Hello! Come and eat! " (Hungry people) looked up at him and said, "I am in this situation because I don't want to eat anything that insults charity!" " "Hungry people refused Qian Ao's charity and eventually starved to death. Hearing this, Ceng Zi said, "Little things! Qian ao can certainly refuse when he is rude, but he can eat after apologizing. "

Edit this analysis

This story is about a poor man with backbone who would rather starve to death than accept "the food he got". Later generations used "food from nowhere" to express insult and charity. Wu Han cited this story as an argument when talking about morality, which shows that the people of China have a backbone since ancient times. In Ye Fan's Le Yangzi's Wife, Le Yangzi's wife used this allusion to persuade her husband to be an upright and ambitious person. This story has been circulated for thousands of years and has positive significance, which leads us to become people like him.

reading comprehension

The famous saying "eat whatever you have" comes from this story, which means to show your backbone and never condescend to accept charity from others, even if you starve yourself to death. Our tradition attaches great importance to being a man with backbone. To put it bluntly, a person's life is a breath, and even if he suffers, he can't do without a breath. There are some similar sayings, such as people who are not poor, for example, they would rather die than surrender, all of which illustrate the importance of honesty, human dignity and human spirit. Even today, this traditional concept still has its value and rationality. Between personality spirit and body, between spiritual pursuit and material pursuit, between human dignity and servility, the former is higher and heavier than the latter. If you can't have it both ways, you'd rather give up the latter and sacrifice the latter than make yourself a walking corpse and a devil incarnate. The reason why people are people, not walking dead, is probably the difference here. The enlightenment of "eating without food" comes from Mencius. Because Qi Xuanwang did not adopt Mencius' benevolent policy, Mencius was angry and wanted to leave, and the King of Qi sent messengers to keep Mencius. Mencius made a generous statement: "wealth can't be lewd, poverty can't be moved, and power can't be bent", and then he told the story that beggars don't eat what they get. It embodies the backbone and independent personality of intellectuals in the Warring States period. The original intention now is to keep the original intention, which means that a person with backbone refuses to accept insulting charity. What kind of humiliation is more humiliating than stepping down? Personally, I think the humiliation of stepping down is even worse. It is precisely because Han Xin can endure the humiliation of crossing the border that it can finally achieve great things and return home with clothes on. Therefore, a person has ambition, the food he has eaten is not inedible, and eating the food he has eaten does not mean that he must have no backbone. Besides, Qian Ao finally realized his rudeness and apologized. Even Ceng Zi said, "I'm afraid it shouldn't be like this! When Qian ao is rude, of course he can refuse, but after apologizing, he can eat. " A gentleman can bend and stretch, save today's life first, and then achieve great things!

Key points guide

1, The Book of Rites is also called The Book of Little Wear or The Book of Little Wear. As one of the Confucian classics, it is an anthology of various etiquette works before Qin and Han Dynasties, and it is an important reference book for studying the ancient social situation in China and Confucianism. 2. Wen's image of Qi people who would rather starve to death than maintain personal dignity has always been admired by future generations.

During the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period, there was a severe famine in Qi one year, and a large number of poor people starved to death because of lack of food and food.

A noble slave owner named Qian Ao put some food on the roadside, waiting for the hungry poor to pass by and give them alms.

One day, a hungry man covered his face with sleeves and dragged a pair of worn-out shoes. When Qian Ao saw this, he picked up the dish in his left hand and the soup in his right, and proudly shouted, "Hey! Come and eat! " The hungry man looked up and glared at him contemptuously and said, "I'm so hungry because I don't eat this delicious food." Qian ao also felt that he had gone too far, so he apologized to the hungry man, but the hungry man refused to eat and starved to death on the side of the road.