Public *** relationship is a social relationship resulting from the mutual contact and interaction between social organizations and relevant publics. Public relations have functions such as communicating information, increasing understanding, resolving conflicts, promoting coordination and cooperation, and increasing efficiency. In realizing these functions, groups and individuals engaged in public relations work must use scientific and artistic methods to carry out related activities. In order to achieve the expected goals of public relations activities, how to give full play to the expertise, courage and art of language is an issue that requires attention. Paying attention to the language art in public relations will play a positive and irreplaceable role.
1. Understanding public relations activities and functions
Public relations activities refer to a social organization using communication methods to make itself and the relevant public understand and interact with each other. Adaptation is a two-way communication activity art or management art for mutual development.
Public *** relations have functions such as communicating information, increasing understanding, resolving conflicts, promoting coordination and cooperation, and increasing efficiency. These functions are very important, whether for a specific social organization or for society as a whole.
1. From a micro perspective, the role and impact of good public relations on specific social organizations are as follows:
Help social organizations monitor the social environment (Public opinion, awareness, attitude and behavior, etc.), collect various social reflections on the organization, provide information and decision-making consultation to organizational decision-makers and corresponding departments; establish and maintain two-way communication between social organizations and various publics, and disseminate information to the public Organize information, strive for understanding and support, and strengthen contact with the public; create a good image for the organization, expand the organization's awareness, and improve the organization's reputation; urge social organizations to adjust organizational goals and actions in a planned manner, and influence the organization with corresponding policies and actions Public opinion, attitude and behavior coordinate between social organizations and the public, promote cooperation between the two parties, help the organization achieve set goals and increase efficiency; enhance the cohesion and attraction of the organization, and maintain harmony inside and outside the organization; when the organization faces a crisis, Effectively resolve conflicts, ease and eliminate conflicts, turn passive into active, and turn disadvantage into advantage.
2. From a macro perspective, the role and impact of corporate relationships on society are mainly reflected in the following aspects:
The connection and communication role of corporate relationships Promote the development of productive forces; promote the change and improvement of social relations. Public relations activities are an important driving force and source for the generation, development, change and improvement of various social relations; human beings rely on public relations activities to make existing Scientific and cultural achievements are inherited and innovated; the goals, interests, attitudes and actions of social groups are coordinated to maintain harmonious development of society; it is conducive to people's own development; and the socio-economic, political, cultural, psychological and other environments are optimized.
Simply put, "shaping the image of the organization and coordinating internal and external relations" are the two basic functions of public relations activities. American Dr. Lex Harrow believes: Public relations activities are a special management function that helps an organization establish and maintain communication, understanding, recognition and cooperation with the public; it participates in handling various issues and events; it helps departments understand public opinion and respond to it; it identifies and emphasizes the responsibility of enterprises to serve the public interest; it serves as a monitor of social trends, helping enterprises and organizations keep pace with social changes; it uses effective communication skills and research methods as fundamental tools.
2. The relationship between public relations and language arts
1. The language in public relations activities is obviously different from the language in ordinary interpersonal communication.
Public *** relations are composed of three major elements: the subject is the social organization, the object is the public, including internal public and external public, and the external public includes customer public, community public, government public, news the public, the celebrity public, and the international public. The third element is the connection between subject and object - communication. The so-called communication is the process by which social organizations use modern mass media to transmit information, ideas and concepts to the public in order to achieve a certain goal. It is a bridge between organizations and the public to share information and exchange information.
Furthermore, theoretically speaking, public relations activities are a management science; and operationally speaking, public relations are a management art. This is because public relations focus on maintaining a good relationship between the organization and the public, and even need to win favor; public relations activities need to persuade and influence the public and create a good public opinion environment; public relations must consider to the complexity of various relationships and the richness and variability of human psychology in order to implement a set of effective techniques and methods. Therefore, it is not an exaggeration to say that public relations activities are an art.
The communication of public relations combines verbal communication, written communication, real image communication and general mass communication in form. For example, written image display (including advertisements, promotional materials), audio image display (speeches, TV commercials), news speeches, etc.). When it comes to communication, of course, language is inseparable. We can see that the communication of public relations is highly purposeful and selective, so we must use appropriate and artistic language and forms. The language in public relations activities is obviously different from the language in ordinary interpersonal communication because of the nature of the subject and the strong purpose of communication.
2. The study of language art is a need for public relations activities
“Language is the direct reality of thought.” Suhomlinsky, the most famous contemporary educator in the Soviet Union, once said: "Language is the commander who leads people to charge into battle, and is the musician who plucks the strings of people's souls...Language is the warrior who fights for people's souls. Some words are like Like withered grass, there is no power or emotion, while some words are as brilliant as eternal stars, guiding the way for mankind."
Ms. Tian Xiaolin said in the article "Talk about Rhetoric Teaching": "Language accomplishment is the use of language that is not only correct, but also has a certain degree of artistry. "Art" does not mean fancy, but refers to the use of language in different languages. The language used in the environment (different occasions and different objects) is appropriate, decent and natural, and has the power to attract, infect and persuade people."
With the development of the times, various fields such as social economy, politics, culture, science and technology, and diplomacy have created urgent and widespread needs for public relations activities. The specialization and professionalization of public relations work is an inevitable trend of historical development. The language arts of public relations practitioners will also affect their careers and the level of public relations work. As a management art, public relations will inevitably have further development and research in its special and commonly used language.
Public relations activities are inseparable from language; what kind of language art should be used in public relations activities to achieve the purpose of public relations activities? At present, many scholars, university teachers and public relations practitioners have conducted in-depth research, and each has expressed his or her own opinions. It can be said that in public relations activities, more and more attention is paid to whether the language ability is strong and what kind of language art is used. The research and discussion of language arts in public relations activities will also promote the development of public relations activities.
3. Discussion on the types of language arts in public relations activities
German linguist Schuhart said that "the essence of language lies in communication." Yesposen said: " Language is a human activity for the purpose of communicating thoughts and feelings. Linguistic scholars define language as: "Language is a symbol system that combines meaning as a tool for human communication." The language used in public relations must have a strong influence. Normativity and purpose are very different from the language in our daily lives. According to the functions of public relations activities, the author summarizes nine main language arts in public relations activities.
1. The Law of Prudence
The language in public relations must first pay attention to prudence. In public relations activities, the subject of the activity may be an individual or an organization; it may represent an enterprise or the government. Since the objects faced are the public and even foreign media, and they are responsible for establishing one's own image, explaining important issues, and solving relevant issues, therefore, in public relations activities, language must first pay attention to prudence and be able to It is even more perfect to be "watertight".
Every sentence and every word in speeches, speeches, print advertisements, etc. delivered in public places will involve the image, intention, level and even interests of the subject. You must not make mistakes or leave loopholes, leaving suspicion and misunderstanding to the subject. , leaving a talking point and a joke for the opponent.
How to do it? ⑴Be cautious and don’t make promises easily. Don't easily promise something you shouldn't promise. General polite greetings and chatting can be relaxed and pleasant, but when it comes to key issues, you must be cautious. Although you can use relaxed language to discuss it, you can't be careless when expressing your stance. ⑵Be cautious and don’t refuse easily. When dealing with corporate relationships, the other party may put forward requirements or conditions of one kind or another, and some of the overlapping interests are difficult to digest and straighten out at the moment. In order to leave yourself a space to consider, generally don't refuse outright. This can not only show that you value the other party, but also use your time to take the initiative. ⑶Be cautious and don’t say absolutely, leaving yourself a way out or room for maneuver. The language of public relations must be offensive when advancing and defensive when retreating, so as not to be embarrassing or passive. ⑷Be cautious but be careful not to expose it. The ancients said: Happiness and anger cannot be expressed in color. That is to say, you should be cautious enough to be relaxed, and cautious enough to be natural. ⑸To be cautious, you must know the real and detailed situation in advance and make solutions for various situations. State the numbers, time, names, positioning and policies accurately and explain them reasonably, anticipate possible conflicts and questions, and make the language in the corporate relationship accurate, complete, and free of loopholes and flaws.
2. The Law of Sincerity
Sincerity is the bridge to people’s hearts. The language used in public relations activities is usually intended to impress the audience. In addition to good creativity, impressing the audience also requires the sincerity of the subject of the public relations activities, because time is the key to testing the authenticity of language. Without sincerity as a basis, Gorgeous words and forms will only make people feel "flashy and smokey from the past". The best state of the language in public relations is to make the audience resonate, to move yourself and then move others, both rationally and emotionally. Sometimes simple and unpretentious language will appear extraordinarily kind and have a strong appeal. For example, I praised an elderly person: "You are 80 years old, you still look so good, and your voice is so loud. I think you will definitely live to be a hundred years old." Although this may not be the case, because of the sincerity of the words , has a kind heart, but the other person feels particularly cordial to him.
As the saying goes, where sincerity comes, gold and stone will open. In public relations activities, the audience is basically adults with basic ability to distinguish, and rhetoric and false language can only make the audience more disgusted. Of course, this kind of sincerity does not mean that there is no skill at all. For example, some business secrets, national and military secrets cannot be handed over to the other party without reservation. That's not what is called sincerity.
Sincerity requires solemnity rather than frivolity, seriousness and responsibility rather than rhetoric or nonsense. In order to make others believe, some businessmen often go overboard with their words, and even resort to swearing and swearing to show their sincerity. This is also undesirable. You can often see the astonishing advertising slogan "Spit out the goods! The last three days" on the street. As a result, this slogan was hung for three months. At first, everyone believed it to be true, and a lot of customers increased. When everyone discovered that this was a lie by the merchant, the merchant had very few customers, and at the same time, the merchant was disgusted and despised by everyone.
3. The Law of Euphemism
Public relations activities are usually activities involving the interests of some countries, organizations and individuals. When it comes to issues of interest, sometimes we have to stand firm and not give in an inch of ground, and sometimes we have to be tactful and indirect. The so-called hardness has softness, and softness has hardness. When the status of the other party is higher than that of the subject, the momentum of the other party is very strong, and the other party has already occupied a favorable situation, a head-on confrontation or a direct confrontation will lead to "death", and will not achieve the purpose of persuading the other party or changing the other party's mind.
So, euphemism is a language art commonly used in public relations activities, that is, flexible and diverse methods must be adopted based on factors such as time, place, atmosphere, situation, the identity of the host and the guest, and their relationship.
The story of Chulong talking about the Queen Mother is a typical example of euphemism: in this historical story, Chulong never mobilized Cheng Anjun to be a hostage, but he achieved the purpose of persuading the Queen Mother by making things happen. This is euphemism. The ingenuity of language.
4. The Law of Simplicity
The language in public relations activities should also be concise. This is because the targets of public relations activities are sometimes a specific minority of people, and most of the time they are unspecified groups. Since public relations activities are limited by time and space, the audience's attention cannot be concentrated for a long time. Therefore, in public relations activities, it is important to explain things clearly, especially complex things and ideas. , you need to have superb language arts, use concise words to explain complex truths, and use simple methods to solve complex problems.
my country’s Ministry of Foreign Affairs Spokesperson Zhao Qizheng always advocates clear and brief speeches, because he feels that if he speaks for a long time, the listeners will not understand the key points of the speech and make people feel that there is no new idea. In fact, the speaker himself puts the new idea into the speech. Submerged. When facing foreigners, you should especially avoid talking "wheel talk", which will make people confused. After the Chinese Embassy in Yugoslavia was bombed in 1999, he used logical reasoning at a press conference to refute the fallacies of the U.S. government: When answering a question from a CNN reporter, he said that the U.S. government hastily announced that it had misused the old embassy without conducting a careful investigation. Maps, and all three are old, and the correct one is not in use. In order to allow everyone to identify the hypocrisy of the United States, he used the example of rolling "dice" to illustrate. Since the die has six sides, the probability of an error on one side is 1/6. Using three old maps means rolling the "dice" three times and one side will appear at the same time. This probability is 1/216. Coupled with multiple other "accidental" errors, more than a dozen "dice" appeared on the same side at the same time. Probability theory tells people that this probability is almost zero. He also added that it is puzzling that the US Air Force still uses ordinary maps today when satellite remote sensing maps are widely used. In this way, everyone will understand that the so-called "false fraud" of the US government is nothing more than a pretext. After the meeting, many newspapers quoted his eloquent words. In fact, what he said is very concise, and the analogy even ordinary middle school students know, which makes it even more convincing.
In some written public relations activities, the wording should be more concise and incisive. Due to the limited capacity of flat carriers and multimedia, general public relations terms are very brief and concise. For example, various product slogans in TV commercials include "XX milk powder - smart babies, successful mothers", "XX stove - family, love and European style", "program slogan - Happy Camp, good mood every day", "Public Service Announcement - A donation of 300 yuan may change the fate of an out-of-school child" and so on. They are all short, catchy and easy to remember.
To make language accurate and concise, first of all, the language subject’s thinking must be clear, because language is the direct reality of thought. If your thinking is chaotic, your language will inevitably be unclear and wordy. Secondly, public relations practitioners are required to have a solid language foundation, possess a large vocabulary, and pay attention to the tempering and elaboration of words, so that they do not have too many words and one word is not easy. Thirdly, you can use some idioms, allusions, classical Chinese words, etc. to add literary grace and express its content concisely.
5. Rules of Humor
The interest of language is one of the important elements that make the language of public relations activities charming, and its role is like salt in dishes. Boring or serious language destroys appetite just like a dish lacking in salt and sugar. No matter how high its nutritional value is, it is always like chewing wax and will not be popular and spread from word to mouth.
Humor is a dazzling spark that flashes in a moment. It is a natural expression of an open-minded temperament and optimistic thinking. It is a healthy and complete mental state. Humorous language can ease tension and alleviate antagonistic emotions. , Create a communication environment that makes both the subject and the object of the public relationship feel comfortable. Psychologists also believe that the role of emotions in verbal communication cannot be underestimated. The stimulation of language affects changes in emotions, and emotions can regulate and influence people's cognitive processes.
When the object of public relations has a good mood, the subject of public relations will have a favorable communication foundation that can flow smoothly and carry out public relations activities better.
my country’s former Prime Minister Zhu Rongji is a very humorous person, and he often makes the atmosphere of the meeting relaxed and lively: On the afternoon of March 25, 1999, Zhu Rongji held a speech at the Chinese and foreign conference held after the closing of the second session of the Ninth National People’s Congress. At the press conference, he said in his opening remarks: "I will just say one thing. You are welcome to ask me any questions without any restrictions. However, due to time constraints, not everyone who raised their hands will be able to ask questions. Therefore, I will ask those who do not have the opportunity in advance." The reporter who asked the question apologized. "This humorous words, natural, funny, honest and credible, immediately livened up the atmosphere in the venue. The reporters rushed to raise their hands to ask questions, and their emotions became more and more high.
Black John Roark's speech calling for the emancipation of black slaves gt;gt; began like this: "Ladies and gentlemen--I come here not so much to make a speech, Might as well add a little 'color' to the occasion." His opening remarks immediately made the white audience laugh. And this feedback information - laughter, plays the role of removing obstacles and shortening the distance between all races.
It can be seen that humor can increase the vividness of language and attract the audience. It is widely used in opening speeches, reversing unfavorable situations caused by accidents on the field, and changing the audience's pickiness and doubts to trust you and get close to you, thereby achieving the purpose of being recognized.
6. Image Law
The language in public relations activities must not only be concise and humorous, but also vivid. Advertising is the most consistent with this article. In addition to advertising, other public relations language also needs to be vivid and vivid. Vivid language can make the other party understand your meaning faster, make the other party accept your opinions happily, add a relaxed and lively atmosphere to formal and serious public relations exchanges, and also attract more listeners. Accept and remember what you want to say.
my country's Ministry of Foreign Affairs spokesperson Zhao Qizheng is very vivid in his speech. He always explains the problem through vivid examples to achieve the purpose of reasoning. A large foreign media once produced a program that was unfriendly to China. When meeting with the person in charge of this media, Zhao Qizheng said frankly: "You said that the content of the report is the actual situation, then if there are 3 garbage and 7 garbage in a place, "Flowers, your camera took 7 minutes to take pictures of garbage, but only 3 minutes to take pictures of flowers, so this place has become a garbage dump." The person in charge said at the end that the conversation was very fruitful.
When Lu Xun, the great thinker and writer, saw some young people feeling ashamed in front of boastful scholars, he encouraged them and said: "A creek is so clear that it can be seen to the bottom. Even if it is shallow, it is so clear that it will be clear. If it is a muddy pond, who knows whether it is deep or shallow? "There is no simple preaching here, but a humorous sentence expresses the profound insights and philosophical thoughts very vividly and thoroughly. , very convincing, greatly inspiring, infecting and attracting young people.
Using famous quotes, poems, allusions, lyrics, and even quoting colloquial sayings and sayings can increase the vividness of the language. For example, we quote the lyrics of "Everyone Rows and Driving a Big Boat": "One hand can't clap, but thousands of people applaud loudly..." to illustrate the principle that quantitative changes lead to qualitative changes; quote the lyrics of "Start Over": "All the honors yesterday , has become a distant memory, I have spent half my life hard, and today I am walking into the wind and rain again..." It illustrates the principle of the unity of the progress and twists and turns of the development of things; to express praise, use "Two dumb people sitting opposite each other - "Nothing to Say" is very popular and humorous.
7. The Law of Warmth
Public relationship activities often involve gaining the other person’s favor first, so how to close the psychological distance with the other person and eliminate the estrangement with the other person is the key The first priority is to communicate the relationship language. Since the object of public relations activities is people, and people have feelings and emotions, only by breaking the "hard ice" between each other, moving people with affection, and warming people with words can we achieve the purpose of gaining goodwill and getting closer. .
The Law of Warmth is very important and commonly used when meeting for the first time, opening remarks, public occasions, or when the other party is frustrated or encounters disadvantages. It conveys goodwill to the other party and gives the other party a good sense of self. The author believes that there are the following situations: ⑴ Use gratitude to strengthen feelings. Winners of international awards such as Oscars and Nobels will express their gratitude to teachers, leaders, parents, friends, and partners in their acceptance speeches, and in a leader's farewell speech at a farewell ceremony. In social events related to corporate relations, we often see words like "Thank you for your company's great help and support for our work in the past year!" holding a wine glass. ⑵ Take the initiative to care about others and actively praise them. As the saying goes: "A kind word warms three winters, but a bad word hurts someone for six months." Everyone has self-esteem, and everyone is willing to hear the other's affirmation and praise. Through greetings, care, praise, praise, and affirmation, you can make the other person feel happy and in a high mood in the shortest possible time. For example, start with the meaning of the other person's name, compliment the other person's clothes, and ask about the other person's current situation if the other person is sick and discharged from the hospital. In some diplomatic situations, the rule of warmth is even more commonly used: when receiving foreign guests, in the speech, you will definitely praise the other party's country and organization for their positive role in building relations between the two countries, wish the other party a complete success, etc. ⑶Find the common ground to find the entry point for communication. From a human psychology point of view, everyone has a kind of "exclusivity" in their subconscious mind. They often unconsciously show more interest and enthusiasm for things that are their own or related to themselves; there is a certain degree of exclusion for things that have nothing to do with them. . Therefore, pointing out this kind of relationship during the conversation makes the other party realize that the two are actually "close". In this way, no matter whether the other party is above you or below you, it can better create an atmosphere of frank conversation and break through the psychological "defences" caused by unfamiliarity during the first meeting. Comrade Mao Zedong often used this technique of "building relationships". After the founding of the People's Republic of China, when he met with democrats, anyone who had some relationship with them, or had some connection with him through teachers, students, or old friends, he would often tell the whole story without saying a few words as soon as they met. The intimate relationship between the guests and the hearty laughter of "We are a family" made the atmosphere much more intimate, making those who were interviewed feel more cordial. (4) Put yourself in the other person’s shoes and consider yourself. In public relations activities, it is not just a direct and unilateral expression of goodwill and praise. When conflicts occur, it is more necessary for the subjects of public relations activities to express the sincerity of "empathy". For example, when a car company discovers an equipment defect, it does not hide it or deal with it afterwards, but adopts a "recall system" to recall the sold cars for repair. This better reflects the car company's sense of responsibility to consumers and eliminates the need for Hidden dangers for consumers. If it is not designed as a "recall system" but is called a "maintenance system", it will give people a bad feeling of negligent behavior with quality problems.
8. Win-win rule
Public *** relationship activities must achieve their own goals, and at the same time, attention must be paid to achieving a win-win situation for both the subject and the object in the process and even in the results. , that is, everyone gains something, everyone gains something. The same is true for corporate relationship language.
In August 2003, in order to celebrate the 300th anniversary of the founding of St. Petersburg, Russia, the "China Week" hosted by the State Council Information Office and the St. Petersburg Municipal Government was held in St. Petersburg. This was an unprecedented scale event held by our country in Russia. The longest and most influential external publicity activity. my country's Ministry of Foreign Affairs Spokesperson Zhao Qizheng attended the Sino-Russian Cultural Exchange Lecture at the Smolny Palace Auditorium in St. Petersburg and delivered a speech entitled "Using Culture as a Bond to Create a New Century of Sino-Russian Friendship." In this speech, Zhao Qizheng started from the geographical location of the two countries and reviewed the long history of exchanges between the two countries that began in the early 18th century, the price paid by the military and civilians of the two countries for the victory of the anti-fascist war during World War II, and the founding of New China. After the Soviet Union's help to our country, we further proposed that "bilateral relations have continuously stepped up to four levels from treating each other as friendly countries, developing constructive partnerships, and establishing a strategic partnership of coordination" to the signing of the "Sino-Russian Good-Neighborly Treaty of Friendly Cooperation."
In the following speech, Zhao Qizheng brought the topic back from history to reality, pointing out that there was very little talk about current cultural exchanges. He said: "There is a profound traditional friendship between the people of China and Russia, which is why we are A good foundation for the development of China-Russia friendly relations in the new century. China and Russia are each other's largest neighbors and share the longest land border in the world. China and Russia are both permanent members of the Security Council and play an important role in international affairs. Impact; China and Russia have different economic structures and resources, so they are more complementary. Coupled with the profound cultural communication background between the two countries, this provides huge potential and new opportunities for cooperation between the two countries. "The atmosphere at the venue was lively. Zhao Qizheng's speech and Q&A were interrupted by warm applause many times. Due to the enthusiastic response to questions, the lecture was extended by more than an hour than the pre-arranged time. The success of this public speech was due to Zhao Qizheng's understanding of the historical development of Sino-Russian relations, and it was also inseparable from his language art with a "win-win" starting point.
9. The Law of Timing
The language in public relations activities should also pay attention to timing. The so-called timing means when to say something, what words to say now, and what words not to say now. When do you say this, it will have the obvious effect of getting twice the result with half the effort and adding fuel to the flames, and when do you say something of this nature, it will be counterproductive.
The same language cannot achieve the effect if it is spoken at the wrong time. Back then, when Su Qin, a diplomat from the Spring and Autumn and Warring States periods, went to Qin to lobby, there was nothing wrong with his strategy. The rhetoric is also very artistic and the reasoning is spot on. However, he was politely declined by King Qin. Later, his old classmate Zhang Yi went to the State of Qin and successfully persuaded the King of Qin to become the prime minister of the State of Qin. It's not that he is better than Su Qin, but the timing is right.
In the previous example, we can see that in August 2003, the "China Week" hosted by the Information Office of the State Council and the St. Petersburg Municipal Government was held in St. Petersburg to celebrate the 300th anniversary of the founding of St. Petersburg, Russia. held. In order to strengthen Sino-Russian relations, our country attaches great importance to this "China Week" diplomatic event. On August 22, our Ministry of Foreign Affairs spokesperson Zhao Qizheng delivered a speech entitled "Using Culture as a Bond to Create a New Century of Sino-Russian Friendship" , On August 22, Zhao delivered a speech to the Russian media at the Interfax news agency in Moscow titled "Let the media build a bridge of friendship between China and Russia." In this speech, Zhao Qizheng analyzed the situation in today's world where Western media controls international public opinion due to the imbalance of economic and technological power. He used precise figures to explain this situation: "The dominant language on the Internet is English now, accounting for more than 80%, Chinese only accounts for about 5%, and Russian does not seem to have reached the proportion it should have. There is information It shows that two-thirds of the world's news comes from Western developed countries, which account for only one-seventh of the world's population. About 80% of the international news spread in the world every day comes from major Western news agencies. The amount of information in China is 100 times that of developing countries flowing to developed countries.” Zhao Qizheng’s diplomatic speech was firstly chosen to promote Sino-Russian friendship during the celebration of the 300th anniversary of the founding of St. Petersburg; secondly, he took this opportunity to After the celebration, I chose to give a speech to the Russian media at the Interfax Agency in Moscow, analyzing the reasons for the imbalance of media power between the East and the West. The latter problem is actually very serious and needs attention, but if it is done deliberately The discussion has a sense of opposition between Eastern and Western media. Choosing this opportunity feels "natural and adds fuel to the flames". It is natural and friendly, and it is also in line with the purpose of Sino-Russian exchanges.