To make solfeggio teaching twice the result with half the effort, the premise is to teach it correctly. Specifically, we should grasp the following four links:
1, watch music
To sing according to music, you must first understand music. The main purpose of music reading teaching is to enable students to fully grasp the music theory, know all kinds of music notation and symbols, and understand their exact meanings. In this regard, we should first cultivate students' interest in reading music, and adopt various means to carry out music reading teaching to help students understand notes and identify the name and duration of notes. For example, learn songs first, and then read music; Or read the spectrum one by one in clauses and sections.
Step 2: rhythm
Rhythm has special functions and functions in music, and it is the life of music. People often compare rhythm to the pulse of music. One of the main sources of musical rhythm is human language, which contains rich, vivid and subtle rhythms. Students live in a language environment, so it is relatively easy to master the rhythm from the perspective of language rhythm. Rhythm is mostly extracted from people's lives, and the rhythm of music is closely related to the rhythm of language. In order to express rhythm, we can read aloud in rhythmic language. In teaching, Orff music teaching method is suggested, that is, music is used to drive children to do various rhythmic body movements.
3, the intensity of the sound
The strength of sound is one of the musical elements, but it is a new term for students, so we must make full use of the sound in life to help students understand the strength of sound. Only in this way can students realize the strength of music and understand its musical image. Because of the age characteristics of students, he often talks loudly about the concept of sound intensity, so teachers should let students accept the new knowledge of intensity in intuitive teaching and let them feel the different effects of intensity in practice.
4. Pitch
Music is an art of hearing, but art has talent and understanding. Pitch is a basic musical quality. To sing a song well, singing high is the most fundamental and basic content. Without this thing as a guarantee, everything else is inferior. However, the practical problem of primary school music education at this stage is that students have completely or rarely understood the concept of intonation, so teachers should try their best to deepen students' understanding and memory of intonation through some common objects in life and some specific teaching tools in teaching, so that students can experience intonation in practice.
Improvement of solfeggio teaching method
After mastering the four important links of solfeggio teaching, we can find out the shortcomings of teaching and explore the improvement methods.
First of all, the teacher's lesson preparation is the key.
It is a long and complicated process for students to learn solfeggio. In this process, students generally need to go through three processes: one is to receive information, that is, ears and eyes input music information into the brain; The second is to sort out the processing information, that is, the brain analyzes and processes the received information to form certain experience; The third is the output of information, that is, the brain transforms the formed experience and expresses it in the form of singing. Therefore, when preparing lessons, teachers should design teaching according to students' cognitive rules to promote students' reading ability.
Secondly, change the classroom teaching mode.
At present, the solfeggio course is too boring and the practice is too boring, which inhibits students' enthusiasm for learning and leads to students' weariness of learning. Therefore, we need to change the traditional teaching mode of using the piano belt and singing with the piano, and fundamentally change the mode of class. In teaching, we can make full use of Kodaly, a famous Hungarian music educator's teaching method of kelvin's gesture roll call, and ask students to focus on the changes of gestures expressed by teachers with intuitive images, quickly reflect the changes of pitch, and then sing the voice accurately. This training method can make students' thinking highly concentrated, their brains always in a state of positive excitement, and the classroom atmosphere is also very active. At the same time, students can consciously sing with their brains, so that the concept of pitch can be really imprinted in their minds.
Third, cultivate students' listening ability.
Music is a kind of auditory art, and all practical activities of music art depend on hearing, so we should pay attention to cultivating students' musical hearing in teaching, better guide teaching through "listening" and improve the quality of solfeggio lessons. Teachers should play more recordings in teaching, and ask students to listen carefully and feel attentively, and put forward different requirements every time they listen, so that students can unconsciously enter the artistic conception of songs.
Finally, aesthetic education can induce students' aesthetic feelings.
The new curriculum standard puts forward: "Music education should focus on aesthetics, which mainly affects people's emotional world. Its value lies in that through aesthetic activities focusing on listening to music, expressing music and creating music, students can experience the beauty and rich emotions contained in the sound form of music, so that the functions and functions of music art can be effectively brought into play. " This tells us that solfeggio teaching must take music aesthetics as the core. Teachers should take the basic idea of music aesthetics as the core throughout the teaching of music solfeggio, and cultivate students' good sentiment and sound personality in a subtle way. This requires us to pay attention to the diversity and contrast of teaching content when selecting and organizing teaching materials, and to infect and attract students with the ideas and situations of songs, so that they have a strong desire to learn, thus mobilizing students' emotions, stimulating students' imagination, and finally inducing students' musical aesthetic feelings, so that students can learn songs in a relaxed and beautiful atmosphere.
To sum up, solfeggio is an important part of music education in primary and secondary schools. Although its teaching process is long and complicated, as long as we have a clear teaching purpose, take the new curriculum standard as the basis, take music aesthetics as the core and use scientific teaching methods, we can achieve the purpose of aesthetic education, let students learn to listen to music attentively, understand music and feel music, and gradually cultivate their interest in learning and improve their comprehensive quality under the influence of music beauty.
Methods of adjusting classroom atmosphere
To improve the teaching effect, we must pay attention to the quality of 45 minutes in class and adjust the classroom atmosphere in a targeted manner. The classroom atmosphere is sometimes low, sometimes chaotic and sometimes active. Teachers should grasp the students' pulse like doctors, guide them according to the situation, understand them with reason, move with emotion, and create a good classroom atmosphere in order to receive satisfactory results. Otherwise, get twice the result with half the effort. Based on my own teaching experience, I express my humble opinion on several kinds of atmosphere that often appear in class for colleagues to correct me.
First, when the classroom atmosphere is low.
According to pedagogy, psychological theory and the age characteristics of primary school students, primary school students may be distracted and relaxed for 30%-40% of the time in a class. They often doze off, listless, or absent-minded and whisper to each other. At this time, the teacher should make appropriate adjustments in time. Sometimes I suddenly raise my voice to remind students. Sometimes, like telling a story, the blackboard eraser is used as a mallet to strike the table (not to lose your temper, but according to the needs of teaching) to concentrate students' attention; Sometimes stop to tell an episode, use the topic to play, tell interesting stories, and stimulate students' brain nerves; Sometimes, students cheer up by reading formulas, theorems and famous proverbs together. When their attention is relatively concentrated, they will continue to concentrate on thinking along the teacher's thinking and give full play to the teaching benefits of 40 minutes.
Second, when the classroom atmosphere is chaotic
Pupils are young and have many questions they don't understand, but they are sensitive and active. Because students watch extracurricular books, TV and movies, when they have different opinions on the questions raised by the teacher, the teacher should be calm and avoid total denial. After all, "two heads are better than one", "teachers don't have to be superior, and disciples don't have to be inferior". Teachers should respect students' original spirit, or fully affirm it, or leave room. Once a classmate forms his own prejudice in his mind, even though the teacher has spoken many times, he still sticks to his own opinions and forms a deadlock. Teachers should not rely on "power" to throw cold water on people. They must first affirm that this classmate's spirit of exploring is worth popularizing and learning, and then further analyze and guide his opinions. If you can reach the knowledge of * * * again, you don't have to say much; If we can't reach an agreement in a short time, let him reserve his opinion and discuss it after class. In this way, this student's enthusiasm for thinking has not been dispelled, and other students' interest in exploration has been stimulated, so that the teaching order can be carried out normally, which can be described as killing two birds with one stone.
When a small number of students grandstanding in the classroom and disturbing the classroom order, teachers can neither take high-handed measures to forcibly convince others, nor let themselves drift and let them overflow. Once in the "wonderful circus performance", Xiaoding asked some strange questions with low taste, which caused the whole class to burst into laughter. At that time, I just wanted to explain the word "laugh". I asked which word can sum up the classroom atmosphere just now, and the students said "laugh" in unison. I said, "Xiaoding became a little teacher and helped us a lot. I thank him on behalf of the whole class. Welcome. " He blushed in the laughter of his classmates. I struck the iron while it was hot and warned him to pay attention to the beauty of language in his future speeches. Everyone turned their attention to Xiaoding, and I didn't delve into it any more. Because, you can't hurt his self-esteem, and you have to keep your string tight.
Of course, sometimes because the teaching art level is not high, the teacher is boring, and the students are chattering below, which leads to chaos in the classroom atmosphere. Teachers should check subjectively, and courageous teachers can accept criticism from classmates on the spot without fear of losing face. The ancients said, "Knowing is knowing, not knowing is not knowing". Teachers should learn from their own educational objects-students, so as to learn from each other's strong points.
Third, when the classroom atmosphere is active
Primary school students are curious, and sometimes a joke of the teacher will cause laughter, which of course does not violate the psychological characteristics of teenagers. In order to suppress their emotions and make them calm down and attend classes as soon as possible, I often hint with my eyes or gestures, so that students can get the message, suppress their emotions and concentrate on their normal studies.
Sometimes the classroom atmosphere is active, which is caused by the teacher's polishing and wooing, which is enough. If you go beyond the limit, you are out of line and out of the center of the textbook. Students listen to classes happily and do their homework in a daze. Teachers can't just seek formal stimulation, but break away from the root and ignore "preaching and teaching to solve doubts", which is not worth the candle.
There are emergencies in the classroom at any time. Teachers should make decisions quickly, accurately, think more about students, be strict with students but not rigid, and be tolerant without losing degree. Only when teachers and students have harmonious feelings and cooperate with each other can teaching and learning form an organic whole.