What are Wen Tianxiang’s famous quotes?
The anti-Yuan heroes of the Southern Song Dynasty are the most famous. Their anti-Yuan deeds are admired by future generations, and their famous quotes are widely circulated. So, what are Wen Tianxiang’s famous quotes?
The ending of Third Sister Song
Wen Tianxiang is an ancient person who lived more than a thousand years ago. In addition to relying on historical records, his words and deeds are mainly understood through his poetry. Wen Tianxiang was born as a scholar, and his literary talents are not to mention. He wrote many poems during the war, some of which have become well-known aphorisms. Perhaps the most famous of Wen Tianxiang's famous sayings is the last two sentences of "Crossing the Lingding Ocean": "Since ancient times, no one has died in life, but his heart will shine in history." This is consistent with the famous saying of the historian of the Western Han Dynasty. Erhe: "Life and death are neither heavier than Mount Tai nor lighter than a feather." Wen Tianxiang's death was heavier than Mount Tai. In addition, "I have a needle in my heart, but it does not mean that the South will not rest" is also Wen Tianxiang's famous saying. Although Wen Tianxiang was imprisoned in Yanjing in the north, all he thought about was the safety of his family and country in the south. His heart is like a magnetic needle, always facing south. "Heaven and earth are righteous, and miscellaneous poems are popular." This is the beginning of Wen Tianxiang's "Song of Righteousness". The phrase "There is justice in heaven and earth" is a manifestation of Wen Tianxiang's righteousness and also shows his confidence in justice and freedom in the world.
Most of Wen Tianxiang’s famous sayings that have been passed down to this day are related to the fight against the Yuan Dynasty, because Wen Tianxiang’s main activity in the second half of his life was the fight against the Yuan Dynasty. After the establishment of the Yuan Dynasty, wars between the Song and Yuan Dynasties continued. Although the Southern Song Dynasty had prosperous civilians and advanced military technology, it could not escape the fate of destruction. In the struggle against the Yuan Dynasty, the hawks represented by Wen Tianxiang worked hard to save the country and survive. Although they were unable to turn the tide, they tried their best.
Where is Wen Tianxiang’s former residence?
Wen Tianxiang is from Luling, Jiangxi. Later generations built Wen Tianxiang Memorial Hall and Wen Tianxiang Park in his hometown to commemorate him, but Wen Tianxiang's former residence was in Beijing, not Ji'an in the Southern Song Dynasty. So, why is the former residence of Southern Humanity Tianxiang in Beijing? The reason has to start with the current situation in the late Southern Song Dynasty.
Wen Tianxiang’s former residence
Beijing was called Yanjing in ancient times. In 1271 AD, the Mongolian Khan Kublai Khan established the Yuan Dynasty in Yanjing and changed Yanjing to its capital. At that time, in addition to the Yuan Dynasty in East Asia, the Mongols also established four major khanates in Central Asia and Eastern Europe. The Southern Song Dynasty was the last key goal of the Mongols to conquer East Asia. In 279, the armies of the Song and Yuan Dynasties had their final decisive battle in Yashan, Guangdong. The small court of the Southern Song Dynasty was destroyed, and the Southern Song Dynasty was officially declared destroyed.
After this battle, Wen Tianxiang, the right prime minister of the Southern Song Dynasty who had been captured by the Yuan army earlier, was escorted to Dadu. As we all know, the Mongols have the habit of massacring cities and rarely give "preferential treatment" to prisoners, but Wen Tianxiang is an exception. After Yuan Jun captured Wen Tianxiang, not only was he not subjected to inhuman torture, but he was very polite to him. What's the reason? It turned out that during the war with the Southern Song Dynasty, the Mongolian army found that the Song people were more difficult to deal with than they imagined, so they formulated the governing policy of "using the Han to control the Han". As the prime minister of the Southern Song Dynasty, Wen Tianxiang accumulated high prestige during the resistance against the Yuan Dynasty. If Wen Tianxiang could surrender, it would be very helpful to disintegrate the remaining resistance of the Southern Song Dynasty in Jiangnan. Therefore, in order to persuade Wen Tianxiang to surrender, the rulers of the Yuan Dynasty imprisoned him in a house in Baer Hutong, Dadu. Wen Tianxiang was imprisoned here for three years and wrote the well-known number "Song of Righteousness".
After liberation, Bayer Hutong was renamed Wen Chengxiang Hutong, and the house where Wen Tianxiang lived was also named "Wen Chengxiang Temple", which is Wen Tianxiang's former residence today. In Wen Tianxi's yard
Before and after Wen Tianxiang was imprisoned, Liu He, the former champion of the Southern Song Dynasty and prime minister of the Yuan Dynasty, and the "Gongye" in Beijing, repeatedly urged Wen Tianxiang to surrender to the Yuan Dynasty, but they were all rejected. . Wen Tianxiang, who was behind bars, was not depressed, but determined to write poems to encourage benevolence and righteousness in the world. In the summer of 1281, in a prison with harsh conditions, Wen Tianxiang, a hero of a generation, wrote the eternal righteous poem "Song of Righteousness". Wen Tianxiang's "Song Zhengqi" is a five-character poem with a total of 60 lines. Every sentence reads catchy.
Song Zhengqi explained the writing background at the beginning, writing: "I am good at cultivating my noble spirit." He has seven together, I have one together, one against seven, what do I have! Haoran, the meaning of heaven and earth, is the song of justice. "
The next is the poem "Song of Righteousness", "Heaven and earth have righteousness, and they are mixed.
The lower half is the river moon, and the upper half is the sun star. Yue Haoran, Hu Feisai Canggui. When the roads are clear, the courts will be filled with harmony. When you are poor, you will see it, and you will see it one by one. "The beginning of the poem points out that "heaven and earth have righteousness", and then reaches "when the festival is poor, it is seen"; then, it uses twelve allusions to list the famous "righteousness" in the world. Taking their spirit as an example, they show With the great power of justice, they will follow the example of their ancestors. Next, the whole poem expresses the importance of integrity in eight sentences, pointing out that integrity exists in heaven and earth, runs through the sun and moon, and is the basis of the three cardinal principles and five constant principles. The foundation of morality.
At the end of "Song of Righteousness", Wen Tianxiang was connected by the experience of the ancients and his own destiny, indicating that although he was in prison and in a dirty and unfavorable environment, there was righteousness around him. , no matter what evil spirit can invade, he can face his fate calmly. It is meaningful and impassioned, which fully reflects Wen Tianxiang's knowledge and immortal patriotism.