1. Introduce other people’s ready-made words (including conversations, dialogues, famous quotes, aphorisms, poems, proverbs, fables, allusions, etc.). For example:

1. People say: "Guilin's landscape is the best in the world."

2. In ancient China, a writer named Sima Qian said: "Everyone is destined to die, or Heavier than Mount Tai, or lighter than a feather."

3. There is a proverb: "Three layers of wheat cover in winter, and a pillow of steamed buns to sleep on next year."

4. But there is no such thing. A ridge reminds people of the dangerous phrase "clouds cross the Qinling Mountains".

The nicknames in Examples 1-4 respectively refer to quotes from famous quotes, ancient prose, proverbs and ready-made words in ancient poems. Among them, Example 1, Example 2, and Example 3 are direct quotations (also called "explicit quotations"). It is necessary to explain the author, source, etc.; Example 4 is an indirect quotation (also known as "hidden quotation") and needs to be published, etc. (Note: "The clouds are crossing the Qinling Mountains" comes from a poem written by Han Yu in the Tang Dynasty: "Where is the home of the clouds crossing the Qinling Mountains? The snow embraces the blue sky and the horse stops moving forward.") It can be seen that it is biased to only emphasize "direct quotation".

2. Emphasize the part that attracts the reader's attention. Such as:

5. The "ridge" of Daxinganling is very different from the "ridge" of Qinling Mountains.

6. The "bird's paradise" is indeed a bird's paradise!

7. When the father just shouted "three", the child pushed his head down and jumped into the water.

8. The "391" highland controlled by the enemy is like a poisonous fang, digging into the position of our volunteers.

Example 5---The words or phrases in the nickname in Example 8, the teacher needs to focus on the object of discussion, which means focusing on the part that attracts the readers' attention.

3. Words with special meanings. Can be divided into:

(1) Expresses irony or negation. For example:

9. Only when visiting the "Dog Country" can you enter and exit through the dog hole.

10. The so-called "canals" observed by Italian astronomers turned out to be a series of dark craters and dark spots.

Example 9 expresses sarcasm and Example 10 expresses negation.

(2) Indicates the abbreviation of East specific title. For example:

11. Premier Zhou gave a report at the first "Literary Dynasty" conference.

12. This "Chinese stone" is the size of a fist.

Example 11 represents an abbreviation, and Example 12 represents a specific title.