To understand the ins and outs of the eight-hour working day, we must first know what the working day is.

The value of goods is determined by the working hours of workers, and the working hours of workers to produce goods are working days.

We know that it takes time to produce goods. For example, it takes six hours to make and produce a piece of clothing, which is a constant quantity.

What about six hours? That's the rest of your working time, or your free time. So what will the capitalist mode of production think?

Obviously, they will squeeze the free time of workers as much as possible and create surplus value for themselves. If a worker uses the available time to do things for himself, he is stealing capitalists;

It can be considered from the perspective of workers: workers must sell their working hours every day to make a living, and they demand that the working day be limited to a certain range. Not 996, not unlimited selling time, no overtime pay.

Well, this is the topic we are going to discuss today-working days-all capitalists and all workers are fighting for the boundaries of working hours!

02 history is appalling and unbearable to look back on.

People who work in gold mines between Egypt, Ethiopia and Arabia are not only dirty, but also naked. Anyone who sees them can't help but sympathize with their tragic fate.

In this place, there is no concern and pity for the old, the weak, the sick and women. All the people worked under the pressure of the whip until they died.

-Excerpted from Dior Dorus (Sicily) History Series.

Please look at a fragment from Das Kapital:

1860 65438+1October 14, some residents engaged in lace production live a very poor and miserable life ... children aged 9 to 10 are pulled out of dirty beds at 2 o'clock, 3 o'clock and 4 o'clock, and have to work until/to make ends meet. ......

Supporters of the eight-hour working day.

The eight-hour work system was first put forward by the socialist robert owen in August 18 17.

In the long and cruel struggle between all the workers and all the capitalists, all the workers have made gratifying achievements: the working day has dropped from 12 to 10 hour, and now it is 8 hours in all countries, with no more than 40 hours per week.

04 conclusion

Nowadays, under the condition of 8-hour working system, many companies inevitably implement overtime policy. For example, 996, which was hotly debated some time ago, actually exists now.